High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Detection via Cobas 4800 and REBA HPV-ID Assays.

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), particularly HPV16 and 18, has long been known to induce cervical cancer progression. However, given that a minority of HPV-infected women develop cancer, analysis of HR-HPV-infected women could help to predict who is at risk of acquiring cervical cancer. Therefore, to improve HR-HPVs detection, we used the FDA-approved cobas 4800 HPV and REBA HPV-ID HPV assays to detect HR-HPVs in colposcopy-derived cervical cells from 303 patients, detecting 72.

Lynch Syndrome in Thai Endometrial Cancer Patients.

Background: Lynch syndrome increases lifetime risk of endometrial cancer to 40-60%. Screening with molecular tumor testing for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins have been recommended. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of MMR deficiency and germline mutation in endometrial cancer Thai patients.

CyclinA1 Promoter Methylation in Self-Sampling Test.

Background: Self sampled HPV testing is a cervical cancer screening method . However, cytology in self-sampled specimen cannot be used as a triage test.  Therefore, other methods for triage should be considered.

Determination of morphologic and immunohistochemical stain (p57 ) discrepancy of complete and partial hydatidiform mole by using microsatellite genotyping.

Objective: to evaluate the role of microsatellite genotyping in discordant results between morphologic examination and p57 staining in hydatidiform mole.

Materials And Methods: 127 cases of hydatidiform mole who had morphologic examination and p57immunohistochemical staining were evaluated. Six discrepant cases between morphologic examination and p57 staining were recruited.

Value of CCNA1 promoter methylation in triaging ASC-US cytology.

Using HPV testing to triage ASC-US still has some problems of unnecessary colposcopy in many cases. A previous study reported that methylation of CCNA1, a tumor suppressor gene, can differentiate between low and high grade lesions. This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic values and application of CCNA1 methylation in the patients with ASC-US group.

Comparison of detection rate of high risk HPV infection between self-collected HPV testing and clinician-collected HPV testing in cervical cancer screening.

Objective: to correlate the detection rate of high risk HPV (HR-HPV) DNA between self-collected and clinician-collected testing.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in 400 women undergoing cervical cancer screening program during February and May 2015. The procedure began with self-collected method and then clinician-collected method.

RAS Mutation in Mucinous Carcinoma of the Ovary.

Objective: This study was designed to identify genetic mutation in mucinous carcinoma of the ovary of the patients in King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital, Bangkok, Thailand and study the relationship between genetic mutation and patients’ prognosis. Methods: Fifty cases of primary mucinous carcinoma of the ovary were selected. DNA was analyzed for genetic mutation using ColoCarta Panel v1.

Proteomic identification of predictive biomarkers for malignant transformation in complete hydatidiform moles.

Introduction: Protein expression in cells are associated with oncogenesis. This study aims to explore proteomic profiles and discover potential biomarkers that can predict malignant transformation of hydatidiform mole.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was done in 14 cases of remission hydatidiform mole and 14 cases of hydatidiform mole who later developed malignancy (GTN group).

Assessment of Diagnostic Values among CA-125, RMI, HE4, and ROMA for Cancer Prediction in Women with Nonfunctional Ovarian Cysts.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance among CA-125, RMI, HE4, and ROMA for cancer detection in women with nonfunctional ovarian cysts at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH). Secondary objective is to reconsider the proper cutoff value of HE4.

Methods: This is a prospective analytic study in women with nonfunctional ovarian cysts larger than 3 cm who scheduled for surgery at KCMH during 3 June 2015 to 31 May 2016.

Role of P57KIP2 Immunohistochemical Expression in Histological Diagnosis of Hydatidiform Moles.

Purpose: To determine the significance of P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry expression in the histopathological diagnosis of hydatidiform mole.

Materials And Methods: Hydatidiform mole patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between January 1999 and December 2011 were recruited. Two gynecologic pathologists reviewed histopathologic slides to confirm diagnosis.

Proportion of ovarian cancers in overall ovarian masses in Thailand.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to assess the proportion of malignancies in ovarian masses during 1st January 2002, to 31st December 2011 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. A secondary objective was to evaluate associations with patients' clinical characteristics and ovarian malignancy proportion and subtypes.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective descriptive study analyzed data of ovarian masses larger than 3 centimeters in maximal diameter, from the division of Gynecologic Cyto-Pathology at KCMH.

The percentages of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients presenting with abnormal menstrual pattern.

Objective: Assess the occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer among PCOS patients having abnormal menstrual pattern. Endometrial thickness and other clinical characteristics associated with endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer were also evaluated

Material And Method: Women with PCOS and abnormal menstrual pattern were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Endometrial thicknesses were evaluated using transvaginal sonography.

Use of human papillomavirus DNA, E6/E7 mRNA, and p16 immunocytochemistry to detect and predict anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of having anal cancer. Anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is the precursor of anal cancer. We explored the use of different biomarkers associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-mediated cell transformation to detect and predict HSIL among HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM.

HPV genotyping in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix in Thailand.

Objective: To determine the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical adenocarcinoma in Thailand and to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics associated with common HPV genotypes.

Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 150 patients with adenocarcinoma were collected from 4 areas of Thailand. Infection with HPV was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers MY09/11 and GP5+/6+.

High prevalence and incidence of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia among young Thai men who have sex with men with and without HIV.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at elevated risk of having anal cancer. However, the prevalence and incidence among MSM of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN), the putative precursor of anal cancer, is understudied, particularly in Asians.

Methods: A total of 123 HIV-positive and 123 HIV-negative MSM were enrolled at the Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre in Bangkok, Thailand, and followed for 12 months.

HOXA10 protein expression in the endometrium of normally menstruating women after receiving GnRH antagonist.

Objective(s): To compare HOXA10 protein expression in the endometrium between natural control cycles and GnRH antagonist-treated cycles obtained during the window of implantation of normally menstruating women.

Study Design: This study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Thirty-five volunteers were recruited into this prospective, self-controlled study, which was divided into two cycles, the first a natural control cycle and the second a GnRH antagonist-treated cycle.

Comparable performance of conventional and liquid-based cytology in diagnosing anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected and -uninfected Thai men who have sex with men.

Background: Anal cytology has increasingly been used to screen for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) among men who have sex with men (MSM) at increased risk for anal cancer. Use of liquid-based cytology has been reported to reduce fecal and bacterial contamination and air-drying artifact compared with conventional cytology. Costs associated with liquid-based cytology, however, may limit its use in resource-limited settings.

Prevalence and clinical significance of mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation (p-mTOR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in clear cell carcinoma of the ovary.

Background: To determine the prevalence of mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation (p-mTOR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and any correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients.

Materials And Method: Seventy four paraffin-embedded specimens of such carcinomas frompatients who underwent surgery, received adjuvant chemotherapy and were followed up at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during January 2002 to December 2008 were stained with rabbit monoclonal IgG p-mTOR and rabbit polyclonal IgG VEGF using immunohistochemical methods. Medical records were reviewed and clinical variables were analysed.

Human papilloma virus prevalence, genotype distribution, and pattern of infection in Thai women.

Background: The pattern of infection in cervical lesions with respect to HPV subtype has not been systematically studied in Thai women. The aim here was to determine HPV prevalence, genotype, and infection pattern in cervical lesions and to estimate the potential efficacy of an HPV prophylactic vaccine.

Design: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissue blocks of 410 Thai patients from 8 institutes in 4 regions of Thailand (northern, southern, north-eastern, and central) were studied.

HERV-K hypomethylation in ovarian clear cell carcinoma is associated with a poor prognosis and platinum resistance.

Introduction: In general, ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) has a history of poor response to standard platinum-based chemotherapy regimens, and advanced cases have short survival periods. Therefore, the discovery of a biomarker for the pretreatment prediction of OCCC is crucial. Loss of methylation of a retrotransposable sequence, such as long interspersed repetitive sequence 1 (LINE-1), frequently occurs in cancers, including ovarian cancer, and it has been proven to be associated with poor survival.

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression in borderline ovarian tumors: an immunohistochemical study.

Objective: To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in epithelial borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) by immunohistochemistry with correlation to clinicopathologic variables.

Material And Method: Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 62 borderline ovarian tumors (47 mucinous, 14 serous, and 1 clear cell) and 12 epthelial ovarian carcinomas were immunostained with antibodies to hTERT. The intensity and quantity of the immunostaining was determined and analyzed with clinicopathological characteristics.

Interobserver reproducibility in determining p16 overexpression in cervical lesions : use of a combined scoring method.

Objectives: To evaluate interobserver reproducibility of a combined scoring method for immunohistochemical interpretation of p16 overexpression in cervical lesions.

Materials And Methods: p16 immunostaining was performed in cervical samples from 183 patients, including 69 normal, 42 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL), 36 high grade SIL (HSIL), and 36 squamous cell carcinomas(SCCAs). Each case was evaluated by a combined scoring method based on the percentage of positive cells (score 0-3), the intensity of staining (score 0-3), and the distribution pattern (score 0-2).

Comparison between adenocarcinoma in both endocervical and endometrial specimens from fractional curettage and pathologic findings in subsequent hysterectomy specimens.

Objective: To evaluate the hysterectomy specimen findings in the patients who underwent fractional curettage (F&C) with presence of adenocarcinoma in both endocervical and endometrial specimens.

Material And Method: Forty-one patients who had adenocarcinoma in both endocervical and endometrial specimens from F&C and underwent subsequent hysterectomy for surgical staging without pre-operative radiotherapy or chemotherapy at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between 1999 and 2007 were evaluated Histologic slides from both F&C and hysterectomy specimens were reviewed and assessed All cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma with cervical involvement (stage 2) in hysterectomy specimens were also assessed and compared to the results in F&C specimens.

Results: Fifteen patients (36.

Detection of PTEN immunoreactivity in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) expression in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma as analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

Material And Method: PTEN protein expression was evaluated by immunohistrochemical study of 70 paraffin-embedded curettage endometrial tissue samples (10 normal endometrium, 55 endometrial hyperplasia, and 15 endometrial adenocarcinomas) selected from surgical pathology files of the Division of Gynecologic Pathology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, from 2001 to 2004. Intensity of epithelial staining of PTEN immunoreactivity in different histologic types was determined.