Background: Regular exercise can reduce incidence and progression of breast cancer, but the mechanisms for such effects are not fully understood.
Methods: We used a variety of rodent and human experimental model systems to determine whether exercise training can reduce tumor burden in breast cancer and to identify mechanism associated with any exercise training effects on tumor burden.
Results: We show that voluntary wheel running slows tumor development in the mammary specific polyomavirus middle T antigen overexpression (MMTV-PyMT) mouse model of breast cancer but only when mice are not housed alone.
Consumption of a diet rich in saturated fat increases lipid absorption from the intestine, assembly into chylomicrons, and delivery to metabolic tissues via the lymphatic and circulatory systems. Accumulation of ceramide lipids, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, in metabolic tissues contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer. Using a mesenteric lymph duct cannulated rat model, we showed that ceramides are generated by the intestine and assembled into chylomicrons, which are transported via the mesenteric lymphatic system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly rising largely because of increased obesity leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a known HCC risk factor. There are no approved treatments to treat NASH. Here, we first used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to characterize a mouse model that mimics human NASH-driven HCC, the mouse fed a high-fat diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFare typically cultured in a monoxenic medium consisting of live bacteria. However, this introduces a secondary organism to experiments, and restricts the manipulation of the nutritional environment. Due to the intricate link between genes and environment, greater control and understanding of nutritional factors are required to push the field into new areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF