PLoS One
August 2024
Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic protozoa of the Leishmania genus, remains a global health concern with significant morbidity and mortality. In Thailand, the rising incidence of autochthonous leishmaniasis cases involving Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis and novel Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis underscores the critical need for accurate diagnosis and effective control strategies. This study presents a sensitive and specific nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) that integrates a duplex PCR assay with a lateral flow device (LFD) strip format.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, imposes a notable health burden, especially on immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients. Recognizing its prevalence and risk factors in specific populations is vital for effective prevention. This study in Satun Province, southern Thailand, aimed to ascertain leishmaniasis prevalence and identify associated risks among HIV-infected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhite Spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes rapid shrimp mortality and production loss worldwide. This study demonstrates potential use of Lactobacillus johnsonii KD1 as an anti-WSSV agent for post larva shrimp cultivation and explores some potential mechanisms behind the anti-WSSV properties. Treatment of Penaeus vannamei shrimps with L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Trop
January 2024
Leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease in Thailand, with Leishmania martiniquensis and Leishmania orientalis identified as the primary causative agents among immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Variations in drug susceptibility among different Leishmania species have been reported in different regions. Therefore, drug susceptibility assays are essential to assess the effectiveness of antileishmanial drugs used or potentially used in the affected areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by the bite of the phlebotomine female sand fly. Currently, no reported effective vaccines are available for the treatment of leishmaniasis; consequently, restricting this disease completely depends on controlling its transmission. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases have been reported to be involved in the regulation of the flagellum length and hence play an important role in disease transmission, especially the MAPK3 protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan flagellates of the genus . Recently, and , emerging species of , were isolated from patients in Thailand. Development of the vaccine is demanded; however, genetic differences between the two species make it difficult to design a vaccine that is effective for both species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis cases increase continuously, particularly among patients with HIV who are at risk to develop further symptoms of leishmaniasis. A simple, sensitive and reliable diagnosis is crucially needed due to risk populations mostly residing in rural communities with limited resources of laboratory equipment. In this study, a highly sensitive and selective determination of Leishmania among asymptomatic patients with Leishmania/HIV co-infection was achieved to simultaneously interpret and semi-quantify using colorimetric precipitates (gold-nanoparticle probe; AuNP-probe) and fluorescence (SYBR safe dye and distance-based paper device; dPAD) in one-step loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by parasites, which are transmitted through the bites of infected sandflies. We focused on the emergence of leishmaniasis in Thailand caused by a species (). Treatment by chemotherapy is not effective against .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDictyostelid social amoebae are a highly diverse group of eukaryotic soil microbes that are valuable resources for biological research. Genetic diversity study of these organisms solely relies on molecular phylogenetics of the gene, which is not ideal for large-scale genetic diversity study. Here, we designed a set of PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) primers and optimized the SSCP fingerprint method for the screening of dictyostelids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease reported in the north and south of Thailand of which patients with HIV/AIDS are a high risk group for acquiring the infection. A lack of information regarding prevalence, and the risk association of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic immunocompetent hosts needs further investigation. Information on potential vectors and animal reservoirs in the affected areas is also important to control disease transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2021
Asymptomatic leishmaniasis cases have continuously increased, especially among patients with HIV who are at risk to develop further symptoms of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Thus, early diagnosis using a simple, sensitive and reliable diagnostic assay is important because populations at risk mostly reside in rural communities where laboratory equipment is limited. In this study, the highly sensitive and selective determination of Leishmania infection in asymptomatic HIV patients was achieved using dual indicators (SYBR safe and gold-nanoparticle probe; AuNP-probe) in one-step LAMP method based on basic instruments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Thailand, asymptomatic leishmaniasis cases have continuously increased, especially among patients with HIV at risk to develop further symptoms of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Thus, earlier diagnosis using a simple, sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool is needed because populations at risk mostly reside in rural communities where only basic laboratory equipment is available for health care services. In this present study, a closed tube loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed using a piece of parafilm placed between the dye and LAMP reaction mixture to form semi-layer that partially secured SYBR green I from spilling during amplification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere are two main species of reported in Thailand, that is, and Moreover, leishmaniasis cases caused by complex were also reported. There is still a lack of information concerning risk factors of infection in Thailand. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of infection caused by these three species among HIV-infected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryptosporidium spp. is an important intestinal protozoan causing diarrhea among both healthy and immunocompromised patients especially those with HIV/AIDS. Cryptosporidium spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman liver fluke infection caused by increases the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) reported along the Mekong basin including Thailand, Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), Cambodia, and Vietnam. The highest incidence of CCA has been reported in northeastern Thailand where liver fluke infection is prevalent. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection in a northeastern-descendent community in rural Sa Kaeo Province, eastern Thailand, using stool examination and molecular technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis an organism that infects a wide variety of vertebrates, including humans. Pigs also harbor , of which several genotypes have been recently detected in human feces. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection among pigs raised in three smallholder farms and eight small large-scale farms in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand, using nested polymerase chain reaction of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the small subunit of ribosomal RNA gene and to investigate genotypes of isolates using nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis of the ITS region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protozoan hemoflagellate, Leishmania martiniquensis, is the causative agent of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis among humans. This parasite was first isolated from an autochthonous case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Martinique Island (French West Indies) in 1995 and its taxonomical position was later established in 2002. At present, the emergence of this globally infectious disease caused by L.
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