The First Large Identification of 3ANX and NX Producing Isolates of in Manitoba, Western Canada.

Fusarium head blight, caused by , continues to be one of the most important and devastating fungal diseases on cereal grains including wheat, barley, and oat crops. produces toxic secondary metabolites that include trichothecene type A and type B mycotoxins. There are many variants of these toxins that are produced, and in the early 2010s, a novel type A trichothecene mycotoxin known as 3ANX (7-α hydroxy,15-deacetylcalonectrin) and its deacetylated product NX (7-α hydroxy, 3,15-dideacetylcalonectrin) were identified in Minnesota, USA.

Sustainability study and SWOT analysis of mixed biofuel blends in engine at various injection pressure analysed by experimentally and statistically.

This study aims to reduce engine emissions while maintaining engine performance and providing a sustainable fuel source for long-term use. It introduces a novel approach by combining pine oil (PO) and lemon grass oil (LGO) with diesel fuel in a specific ratio (10% PO + 10% LGO + 80% Diesel). This work is innovative in that it employs these two distinct low-viscosity biofuel blends in conjunction with diesel fuel in an agricultural engine, resulting in reduced carbon footprints in the tailpipe.

Short Stature in Klinefelter Syndrome From Aggrecan Mutation.

Despite tall stature being a characteristic feature of Klinefelter syndrome, occasional cases of short stature have been reported. These cases are often attributed to GH deficiency. This case report details a unique case of a 16-year-old male with Klinefelter syndrome exhibiting proportionate short stature resulting from a heterozygous, likely pathogenic, variant in the gene c.

A new UHPLC-HRMS metabolomics approach for the rapid and comprehensive analysis of phenolic compounds in blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, cranberry and cherry fruits.

Phenolic compounds are considered an important group of bioactive molecules that are present in abundant quantities in fruits such as berries and cherries; hence, the analysis and quantification of these compounds are of significant interest to the scientific community. The current study aimed to develop a novel analytical method using liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) for the rapid, comprehensive and simultaneous analysis of 66 phenolic compounds optimized for the selected five types of fruits commercially available in Canada. Bioactive compounds that could potentially be metabolite markers for each berry were identified.

Description of a new species of the genus Awaous Valenciennes, 1837 (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) from the middle stretch of the Mahanadi River, Odisha, India, with comments on the Awaous species from India.

A new species of the genus Awaous (Oxudercidae), Awaous motla sp. nov., is described based on 18 specimens collected from the Mahanadi River near Sonepur, Subarnapur District, and 3 specimens from the same river near Boudh bridge, Boudh District of Odisha, India.

Real-world clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving pembrolizumab + axitinib vs. ipilimumab + nivolumab.

Background: Immune-Oncology (IO) therapies have changed first-line (1L) treatment paradigm for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in last few years with robust clinical trial data. We examined clinical outcomes among clear cell mRCC (mccRCC) patients who received pembrolizumab + axitinib (pembro-axi) or ipilimumab + nivolumab (ipi-nivo) in the US community oncology setting.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from electronic health records and chart review within The US Oncology Network to identify adult patients with mccRCC initiating 1L pembro-axi or ipi-nivo from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2020 and followed through March 31, 2021.

Development of a Transparent Transgenic Zebrafish Cellular Phenotype ((, ) to Study NF-kB Activity.

NF-κB signaling has broad effects on cell survival, tissue growth, and proliferation activities. It controls many genes that are involved in inflammation and thus is a key player in many inflammatory diseases. The elevation of NF-κB activators is associated with elevated mortality, especially in cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

Regulatory role of the endocannabinoid system on glial cells toward cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.

Over the last decade, researchers have sought to develop novel medications against dementia. One potential agent under investigation is cannabinoids. This review systematically appraised and meta-analyzed published pre-clinical research on the mechanism of endocannabinoid system modulation in glial cells and their effects on cognitive function in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Real-world Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Current Treatment Era.

Background: Immuno-oncology (IO) agents and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment paradigm for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Data on real-world usage and outcomes are limited.

Objective: To examine real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes for mRCC.

Veterinary antimicrobials in cattle feedlot environs and irrigation conveyances in a high-intensity agroecosystem in southern Alberta, Canada.

The South Saskatchewan River Basin (SSRB) is considered one of the most intensively farmed regions in Canada, with high densities of livestock and expansive areas of irrigated cropland. We measured concentrations of seven veterinary antimicrobials (VAs) in 114 surface water samples from feedlot environs and 219 samples from irrigation conveyances in the SSRB. Overall, detection frequencies in feedlot environs were 100% for chlortetracycline (CTC) and tetracycline (TC), 94% for monensin (MON), 84% for tylosin (TYL), 72% for lincomycin (LIN), 66% for erythromycin (ERY), and 23% for sulfamethazine (SMZ).

Overlapping and partitioning of niche among different life stages of the parasitic isopod Cymothoa indica in the host Glossoglobius guiris collected from the Chilika lagoon, India.

The present paper reports the site of attachment preference, overlapping and partitioning of niche among different life stages of parasitic isopod Cymothoa indica Schiöedte and Meinert, 1884 in the Gobiidae fish Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton 1822) collected from the Chilika lagoon, India. Out of 2113 host fishes, 176 were found to be infected by the parasites. Out of the 233 different life stages of the parasites examined, 89 were female, 104 were male, and the rests were juveniles.

Implications of Crop Rotation and Fungicide on and Mycotoxin Spectra in Manitoba Barley, 2017-2019.

head blight (FHB) is one of the most important diseases of barley in Manitoba province (western Canada), and other major barley producing regions of the world. Little is known about the species and mycotoxin spectra associated with FHB of barley in Manitoba. Hence, barley grain samples were collected from 149 commercial fields from 2017 to 2019, along with information on respective cropping history, and analyzed with respect to species spectra, abundance, chemotype composition, and mycotoxin profiles.

First report of parasitic isopod (Cymothoidae) from India with its molecular characterization.

The present report provides the first material evidence of  (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) collected from two different landing centres of the Chilika lagoon, thus claiming the first report of this parasite from India. One of the specimens was recorded from the host fish species  Hamilton 1822, constituting the first host record for this isopod. A key for the identification of  among its congeners is also providedMolecular characterization of Cytochrome C Oxidase I (COI) gene of  was based on one specimen submitted for the first time to the NCBI database.

Real-World Outcomes Among Crizotinib-Treated Patients with ROS1-Positive Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Community Oncology-Based Observational Study.

Background: Crizotinib was the first oral targeted therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), on 11 March 2016, for c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1)-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data to support long-term clinical benefit in a real-world setting are limited.

Objective: This study aimed to assess real-world clinical outcomes among patients with ROS1-positive advanced NSCLC treated with crizotinib in the US community oncology setting.

Degradation of antimicrobial resistance genes within stockpiled beef cattle feedlot manure.

Degradation of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) in manure from beef cattle administered (kg feed) 44 mg of chlortetracycline (CTC), 44 mg of chlortetracycline plus sulfamethazine (CTCSMZ), 11 mg of tylosin (TYL), or no antimicrobials (Control) was examined. Manure was stockpiled and quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to assess tetracycline [(C), (L), (M), (W)], erythromycin [(A), (B), (F), (X)], and sulfamethazine [(1), (2)] ARG and 16S rDNA. After 102 d, copies of all ARG decreased by 0.

Naturally Occurring Species and Mycotoxins in Oat Grains from Manitoba, Canada.

head blight (FHB) can lead to dramatic yield losses and mycotoxin contamination in small grain cereals in Canada. To assess the extent and severity of FHB in oat, samples collected from 168 commercial oat fields in the province of Manitoba, Canada, during 2016-2018 were analyzed for the occurrence of head blight and associated mycotoxins. Through morphological and molecular analysis, was found to be the predominant species affecting oat, followed by , , , and .

Selective consumption of macroalgal species by herbivorous fishes suggests reduced functional complementarity on a fringing reef in Moorea, French Polynesia.

Worldwide, many coral reefs are at risk of shifting to degraded algal-dominated states, due to compromised ecological conditions. Functional diversity of herbivorous fishes maintains coral reef health and promotes reef resilience to disturbances. Given previous evidence, it appears the functional roles of herbivorous fishes differ across geographical locations, indicating a need for further assessment of macroalgal consumption by herbivorous fishes.

Flip it and reverse it: Reasonable changes in designated controls can flip synergisms to antagonisms.

Ecological systems are subjected to multiple stressors that can interact in complex ways resulting in "ecological surprises". We examine the pivotal role of 'control' assignment in the categorization of stressors into five classes: additive, +synergistic, -synergistic, +antagonistic, and -antagonistic. We demonstrate if an alternate treatment can reasonably be considered the experimental control, nonlinear interaction classifications change, both in sign (+/-) and in direction (synergistic/antagonistic).

Ractopamine and Other Growth-Promoting Compounds in Beef Cattle Operations: Fate and Transport in Feedlot Pens and Adjacent Environments.

The current study represents a comprehensive investigation of the occurrence and fates of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and metabolites 17α-trenbolone (17α-TBOH), 17β-TBOH, and trendione (TBO); melengesterol acetate (MGA); and the less commonly studied β-andrenergic agonist ractopamine (RAC) in two 8 month cattle feeding trials and simulated rainfall runoff experiments. Cattle were administered TBA, MGA, or RAC, and their residues were measured in fresh feces, pen floor material, and simulated rainfall runoff from pen floor surfaces and manure-amended pasture. Concentrations of RAC ranged from 3600 ng g, dry weight (dw), in pen floor to 58 000 ng g in fresh feces and were, on average, observed at 3-4 orders of magnitude greater than those of TBA and MGA.

TESTING THE CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL UNDERPINNINGS OF HERBIVORY ASSAYS: DOES VARIATION IN PREDICTABILITY OF RESOURCES, ASSAY DESIGN, AND DEPLOYMENT METHOD AFFECT OUTCOMES?

Herbivory assays are a valuable tool used by ecologists to understand many of the patterns and processes affecting herbivory, a widely recognized driving force in marine communities. However, methods vary substantially among studies in both design and operation, and the effect of these differences has yet to be evaluated. We assessed the effects of several key components of assay design on estimates of herbivory to offer four recommendations.

Persistent Craniopharyngeal Canal: A Rare Cause for Recurrent Meningitis in Pediatric Population.

We present the case of a 5-year-old girl who had six episodes of meningitis. She also had panhypopituitarism and was found to have a persistent craniopharyngeal canal (CPC) as the cause of her recurrent meningitis. Role of neuroradiology and a high index of suspicion by the clinical team are highlighted here.

Higher Resource Utilization and Costs in Long-Term Nursing Home Residents With Overactive Bladder: A Retrospective Study of Medicare Beneficiaries.

Objectives: To determine the all-cause health care resource utilization and costs among long-term nursing home (LTNH) residents with and without overactive bladder (OAB).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Minimum Data Set (MDS)-linked Medicare Part A, B, and D claims data from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed.

Antimuscarinic Discontinuation in Patients with Overactive Bladder in Nursing Homes: A Retrospective Study of Medicare Beneficiaries.

Introduction: Although antimuscarinics form the first-line therapy in overactive bladder (OAB), little is known regarding antimuscarinic discontinuation among OAB patients in nursing homes. This study examined treatment patterns and predictors of antimuscarinic discontinuation among long-term nursing home (LTNH) residents with OAB.

Methods: The study cohort included LTNH residents (defined as residents staying ≥ 101 consecutive days) from the Minimum Data Set linked 2013-2015 Medicare claims data.