Decadal Response of Atmospheric Inorganic Nitrogen Dry Deposition into Offshore Areas to Policy Controls and Environmental Significance.

Accurately assessing the dry deposition fluxes of inorganic nitrogen aerosol (aerosol-IN) is crucial for mitigating the ecological damage caused by excessive nitrogen in oceanic equilibria. We developed a dry deposition model to assess the dry deposition fluxes of aerosol-IN into Chinese offshore areas over a decade, with the range of 2.81 × 10-1.

ILC2 influence the differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells in bronchopulmonary dysplasia mice.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a common complication of premature infants, is mainly characterized by blocked alveolarization. Proverbially, the injury of alveolar type II epithelial cells is regarded as the pathologic basis of occurrence and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In the case of alveolar epithelial damage, alveolar type II epithelial cells can also differentiate to alveolar type I epithelial cells as progenitor cells.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cell-derived amphiregulin regulates type II alveolar epithelial cell transdifferentiation in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication in preterm infants characterized by alveolar growth arrest. Interleukin (IL)-33 and type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) affect type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) differentiation in BPD mice and may cause increased lung epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Amphiregulin (AREG) can be produced by ILC2 and is associated with tissue repair.

ILC2 regulates hyperoxia-induced lung injury via an enhanced Th17 cell response in the BPD mouse model.

Backgroud: Recent research has focused on the role of immune cells and immune responses in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but the exact mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Previously, the key roles of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in the lung immune network of BPD were explored. Here, we investigated the role Th17 cell response in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of BPD, as well as the relationship between ILC2 and Th17 cell response.

Clinical features and risk factors of lung cancer in elderly patients with dermatomyositis.

Background: Although there are concerns about the association between dermatomyositis (DM) and malignancy, the clinical features in elderly DM patients with lung cancer are largely unknown. Here, we elucidated the clinical features and risk factors of lung cancer in elderly DM patients.

Methods: The data of elderly DM patients (≥65 years old) with or without lung cancer admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2016 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

IL-33-ST2 pathway regulates AECII transdifferentiation by targeting alveolar macrophage in a bronchopulmonary dysplasia mouse model.

Evidence points to the indispensable function of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in normal lung development and tissue homeostasis. However, the importance of AMs in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a significant role of abnormal AM proliferation and polarization in alveolar dysplasia during BPD, which is closely related to the activation of the IL-33-ST2 pathway.

Role of air pollution in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that can affect almost every organ in the human body. The etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. Recent studies have shown that pathogenesis and development of SLE result from the interaction between various internal and external factors.

Effect of miR124a on collageninduced arthritis in mice and the underlying mechanisms.

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. MicroRNA has been shown to play an important role in RA. MicroRNA-124a (miR-124a) has anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in RA fibroblast synovial cells.

Dynamic Changes of NCR Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Their Role in Mice with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Inflammation is one of the important pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) play a role in a variety of inflammatory lung diseases. In this study, we established the BPD model by injecting lipopolysaccharide into the amniotic cavity of pregnant mice.

Dry-deposition of inorganic and organic nitrogen aerosols in Xiamen Bay: Fluxes, sources, and biogeochemical significance.

Increased dry deposition of nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-N) as a result of anthropogenic emissions has caused large negative impacts on marine ecosystems. We monitored the number concentrations and sizes of inorganic nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-IN: NH and NO) and organic nitrogen aerosols (aerosol-ON: methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, and triethylamine) by single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) during the warm season (WS) and cold season (CS) of 2013 and 2015 in Xiamen Bay. The mean hourly number concentration of aerosol-IN (874/h) overwhelmed that of aerosol-ON (103/h), accounting for 83.

Non-ignorable contribution of anthropogenic source to aerosols in Arctic Ocean.

Arctic Ocean (AO) atmospheric aerosols, which are a factor influencing regional and global climate, have been greatly influenced by an increase in anthropogenic sources. To identify the impact of anthropogenic sources on regional aerosols in the AO and middle and low latitudes (MLO), a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer was used to count and size aerosols with diameters less than 2.5 μm (PM) and determine their chemical composition.

Tissue-Resident Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Arrest Alveolarization in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe complication of the respiratory system associated with preterm birth. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a major role in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and wound healing. However, the role in BPD remains unclear.

[The number of ILC3 and their related cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 increase in lungs of mice with bronchopulmonary dysplasia].

Objective To investigate dynamic changes of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in lungs of mice with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods Forty newborn C57BL/6 mice were randomized into air group and the hyperoxia group, 20 mice in each group. C57BL/6 newborn mice were delivered by caesarean section on the 19th day of pregnancy and exposed to 850 mL/L O for replication of the BPD model.

Effect of sea ice retreat on marine aerosol emissions in the Southern Ocean, Antarctica.

Sea ice retreat in the polar region is expected to increase the emissions of sea salt aerosols and biogenic gases, which may significantly impact the climate by increasing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) population and changing solar radiation. In this study, aerosol compositions were measured at high-time-resolution (1 h) with an in-situ gas and aerosol composition monitoring system in polynya regions of the Southern Ocean (SO) to access the effects of sea ice concentrations on the sea salt aerosol (SSA) and secondary biogenic aerosol (SBA) in the SO. SSA emissions increased by more than 30% as sea ice concentration decreased from 85% to 29%.

Significant Underestimation of Gaseous Methanesulfonic Acid (MSA) over Southern Ocean.

Methanesulfonic acid (MSA), derived from the oxidation of dimethylsulfide (DMS), has a significant impact on biogenic sulfur cycle and climate. Gaseous MSA (MSA) has been often ignored in previous studies due to its quick conversion to particulate MSA (MSA) and low concentrations. MSA, MSA, and nss-SO were observed simultaneously for the first time with high-time-resolution (1 h) in the Southern Ocean (SO).

[Structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment: an analysis based on high-thorough sequencing].

Objective: To study the structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment and the association of the change in intestinal flora with cognitive impairment in preterm rats.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-17 days of gestation were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide for two consecutive days to establish a model of cognitive impairment, and the rats treated with intraperitoneally injected phosphate-buffered saline were established as the control group. Cesarean section was performed on day 21 of gestation, and preterm rats were randomly assigned to healthy maternal rats for feeding.

[Association of short-term efficacy for infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis with plasma concentration and anti-drug antibody].

To investigate the correlation between peripheral concentration of infliximab (IFX) or anti-IFX antibody titers and short-term therapeutic effect of IFX in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
 Methods: Twenty patients with active RA were treated with combination of methotrexate (MTX), leflunomide (LEF) with IFX, and the clinical and laboratory index and the side effects were recorded before and after IFX treatment. Twenty healthy subjects were chosen as a control group.

[Clinical effect of tocilizumab on patients with severe active rheumatoid arthritis].

To evaluate therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of tocilizumab on patients with severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
 Methods: Twelve patients with severe refractory RA were treated with tocilizumab. The clinical and laboratory indices and the side effects were recorded after treatment.

Decrease in the CO2 uptake capacity in an ice-free Arctic Ocean basin.

It has been predicted that the Arctic Ocean will sequester much greater amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere as a result of sea ice melt and increasing primary productivity. However, this prediction was made on the basis of observations from either highly productive ocean margins or ice-covered basins before the recent major ice retreat. We report here a high-resolution survey of sea-surface CO2 concentration across the Canada Basin, showing a great increase relative to earlier observations.