The role of hematological parameters in asymptomatic and non-severe cases of Omicron variant infection.

Background: Omicron variants are currently the predominant circulating lineage worldwide and most cases are mild or asymptomatic. The Omicron variant is characterized by high transmissibility and immune evasion. Early identification of Omicron cases in clinical settings is crucial for controlling its spread.

Change in cytokine profiles released by mast cells mediated by lung cancer-derived exosome activation may contribute to cancer-associated coagulation disorders.

Background: Coagulation disorders are a significant cause of lung cancer mortality. Although mast cells are known to play a role in coagulation abnormalities, their specific role in this process has not yet been elucidated.

Method: We detected mast cells in the tumor microenvironment using single-cell sequencing data and examined their correlation with thrombosis-related genes, neutrophil-related genes, neutrophil extracellular trap-related signature genes, and immune infiltration levels in lung cancer patients through bioinformatics analysis.

Integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing to develop a cancer-associated fibroblast-related signature for immune infiltration prediction and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: An accumulating amount of studies are highlighting the impacts of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on the initiation, metastasis, invasion, and immune evasion of lung cancer. However, it is still unclear how to tailor treatment regimens based on the transcriptomic characteristics of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment of patients with lung cancer.

Methods: Our study examined single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify expression profiles for CAF marker genes and constructed a prognostic signature of lung adenocarcinoma using these genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Manganese-Based Prussian Blue Nanocatalysts Suppress Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis Photothermal and Chemodynamic Therapy.

Based on the safety of prussian blue (PB) in biomedical application, we prepared manganese-based prussian blue (MnPB) nanocatalysts to achieve enhanced photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy. And we conducted a series of experiments to explore the therapeutic effects of MnPB nanoparticles (NPs) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and . For experiments, the MnPB NPs suppressed growth of A549 cells by reactive oxygen species upregulation and near-infrared irradiation.

PPy@FeO Nanoparticles Inhibit Tumor Growth and Metastasis Through Chemodynamic and Photothermal Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered to be a principal cause of cancer death across the world, and nanomedicine has provided promising alternatives for the treatment of NSCLC in recent years. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have represented novel therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment with excellent performance. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of PPy@FeO nanoparticles (NPs) on inhibiting growth and metastasis of NSCLC by combination of PTT and CDT.

Serum β-klotho is a potential biomarker in the prediction of clinical outcomes among patients with NSCLC.

Background: We aimed to investigate the β-klotho (KLB) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to determine its value as a novel molecular target for survival prognosis in patients with NSCLC.

Methods: The serum KLB concentrations in 50 patients with NSCLC and the 20 healthy persons were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. The relationship between serum KLB level, including the level change after therapy, and the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Inducible expression of heat shock protein 20 protects airway epithelial cells against oxidative injury involving the Nrf2-NQO-1 pathway.

Background: Heat shock protein (HSP) 20 is a molecular chaperone that exerts multiple protective functions in various kinds of tissues. However, the expression of HSP20 and its specific functions in airway epithelial cells (AECs) remain elusive.

Results: In current study, we first confirmed the inducible expression of HSP20 in mouse AECs and in a human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B cells, under different oxidant stressors.

Adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 shRNA attenuates eosinophil airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model.

Recent studies have revealed that YKL-40 is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effect of adenovirus vector-mediated YKL-40 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on regulation of airway inflammation in a murine asthmatic model.

Meta-analysis of chest CT features of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

The objective of this paper is to perform a meta-analysis regarding the chest computed tomography (CT) manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from 1 December 2019 to 1 May 2020 using the keywords of "COVID-19 virus," "the 2019 novel coronavirus," "novel coronavirus," and "COVID-19." Studies that evaluated the CT manifestations of common and severe COVID-19 pneumonia were included.

Peptide-Gold Nanoparticle Hybrids as Promising Anti-Inflammatory Nanotherapeutics for Acute Lung Injury: In Vivo Efficacy, Biodistribution, and Clearance.

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown great promises in various biomedical applications. Although GNPs exhibit excellent therapeutic efficacy in in vitro and in vivo in numerous studies, there still exists significant biosafety concerns, mainly for their nonbiodegradability and tendency to be trapped in the liver and spleen. To tackle this problem, hexapeptides are utilized to modify the GNP surface to not only impart them with potent anti-inflammatory activity, but also facilitate their rapid clearance in vivo.

Involvements of p38 MAPK and oxidative stress in the ozone-induced enhancement of AHR and pulmonary inflammation in an allergic asthma model.

Background: Exposure to ambient ozone (O) increases the susceptivity to allergens and triggers exacerbations in patients with asthma. However, the detailed mechanisms of action for O to trigger asthma exacerbations are still unclear.

Methods: An ovalbumin (OVA)-established asthmatic mouse model was selected to expose to filtered air (OVA-model) or 1.

Comparison of therapeutic effects of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors on 19Del and L858R mutations in advanced lung adenocarcinoma and effect on cellular immune function.

Background: We compared the therapeutic effect of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on 19Del and L858R mutations in advanced lung adenocarcinoma on cellular immune function and explored the factors influencing the curative effect and prognosis.

Methods: Clinical efficacy in the selected 71 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, including 52 patients with 19Del and L858R mutations and 19 wild type patients treated with EGFR-TKIs was retrospectively analyzed. The response rate (RR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and cellular immune function were analyzed.

Endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration: a hybrid method.

Background: Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (cTBNA) was first performed approximately 30 years ago; however TBNA was not widely adopted until the development of endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). Current EBUS-TBNA needle sizes are limited to 21- and 22-gauge. In order to determine whether a 19-gauge (19G) needle in EBUS-TBNA can further improve the diagnostic yield and simplify the methodology of EBUS-TBNA we developed a hybrid method.

Insight into the differences in classification of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes between Wang's lymph node map and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer lymph node map.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of malignant-tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has for the past 30 years been an effective technique for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. Understanding the anatomy of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes is essential to improve the yield of TBNA.

Evolution of transbronchial needle aspiration technique.

Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is an established technique to collect cell and tissue specimens from lesions outside the airway wall, generally guided by flexible bronchoscope under the direct visualization of the puncture site. TBNA has been utilized for 30 years, and now there is renewed interest in utilizing it in conjunction with endobronchial ultrasound. Although the basic operational principles have remained the same, conventional TBNA (cTBNA) and endobronchial ultrasound-guided TBNA (EBUS-TBNA) have been greatly improved over the years with the increased application in clinic and the advance of new technology.

A comparison of APACHE II and CPIS scores for the prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score and the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) for the prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: A single-center, prospective cohort study design was employed between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2014. APACHE II and CPIS scores were determined on the day of VAP diagnosis.

Quantification of rare circulating tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer by ligand-targeted PCR.

Background: Quantification of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is valuable for evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The sensitivity of current methods constrains their use to detect rare CTCs in early stage. Here we evaluate a novel method, ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction (LT-PCR), that can detect rare CTCs in NSCLC patients.

Ovalbumin enhances YKL-40, IL-5, GM-CSF, and eotaxin expression simultaneously in primarily cultured mouse tracheal epithelial cells.

Epithelial inflammation and eosinophil infiltration are crucial for the pathogenesis of asthma. Many inflammatory mediators, such as YKL-40, interleukin -5 (IL-5), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and eotaxin, are important for the development of allergic airway inflammation. This study is aimed at investigating the impact of treatment with ovalbumin (OVA) on the levels of those inflammatory mediators in primarily cultured mouse tracheal epithelial cells.

The prognostic value of pulmonary embolism severity index in acute pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis.

Background: Prognostic assessment is important for the management of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) and simple PESI (sPESI) are new emerged prognostic assessment tools for APE. The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the accuracy of the PESI and the sPESI to predict prognostic outcomes (all-cause and PE-related mortality, serious adverse events) in APE patients, and compare between these two PESIs.

Neonatal revaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin elicits improved, early protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice.

The protective effect of revaccination with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animals is controversial. To investigate whether revaccination of neonates with BCG could improve the protection against M. tuberculosis, C57BL/6 neonates were vaccinated with BCG on day 1, or on days 1, 7, and 14, and the mice at eight weeks of age were challenged with M.

The dynamic changes of LDH isoenzyme 3 and D-dimer following pulmonary thromboembolism in canine.

Introduction: To investigate the time course of changes of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), LDH isoenzymes and D-dimer levels following acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Materials And Methods: Eighteen dogs were randomly divided into three groups. Acute PTE was induced by injection of preformed blood clots into pulmonary artery through femoral vein.