Uncovering caregiver concerns: 5 key issues that still remain unresolved in administration of oral medicines for children in India.

Introduction: Administration devices play a very crucial role in achieving a drug's therapeutic effect. Children are often dosed with oral liquids, but dosing devices don't have the accuracy needed, putting them at risk of inaccurate and suboptimal dosing. The availability and use of administration devices may vary throughout the world.

Structural and morphological tuning of iron oxide polymorphs by ECR plasma-assisted thermal oxidation.

The work presented involves the generation of oxygen plasma species at low pressure utilizing an Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) plasma reactor, and their interactions with micron- and nano-sized iron films (M-Fe and N-Fe film respectively) prepared using ethyl cellulose processed at high temperature. A specially designed radiation heater (RH) was used to raise the surface temperature of the film rapidly, exactly at the film interface, where the plasma species interact with the surface. As a result of the interaction of oxygen plasma species and temperature, iron is oxidized to different polymorphs depending on the operating pressure and hence oxygen gas flow rate.

Hydroxyapatite nanorods loaded with parathyroid hormone (PTH) synergistically enhance the net formative effect of PTH anabolic therapy.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been a major contributor to the anabolic therapy for osteoporosis, but its delivery to bone without losing activity and avoiding adverse local effects remain a challenge. Being the natural component of bone, use of hydroxyapatite for this purpose brings a major breakthrough in synergistic anabolism. This study focuses on synthesis, characterization and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo efficacy of PTH (1-34) adsorbed hydroxyapatite nanocarrier for synergistic enhancement in the anabolic activity of PTH for bone regeneration.

Diagnostics of microwave assisted electron cyclotron resonance plasma source for surface modification of nylon 6.

Looking at the increasing scope of plasma processing of materials surface, here we present the development and diagnostics of a microwave assisted Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) plasma system suitable for surface modification of polymers. Prior to the surface-treatment, a detailed diagnostic mapping of the plasma parameters throughout the reactor chamber was carried out by using single and double Langmuir probe measurements in Ar plasma. Conventional analysis of I-V curves as well as the elucidation form of the Electron Energy Distribution Function (EEDF) has become the source of calibration of plasma parameters in the reaction chamber.

Effective degradation of organic water pollutants by atmospheric non-thermal plasma torch and analysis of degradation process.

The paper reports the use of atmospheric non-thermal plasma torch as a catalyst for degradation of various organic pollutants dissolved in water. A flow of He mixed with air was used to produce the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), at the tip of the torch, using pulsed electric excitation at 12 kV. The torch, operated at a power of 750 mW/mm, was seen to completely degrade the aqueous solutions of the pollutants namely methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine-B (RB), at around 10 M concentrations, the concentration of polluants is one order higher than of routinely used heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions, within 10 min of irradiation time at room temperature.