Microbial Therapeutics in Oncology: A Comprehensive Review of Bacterial Role in Cancer Treatment.

Conventional cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have significantly advanced cancer treatment. However, these modalities often face limitations such as systemic toxicity, lack of specificity, and the emergence of resistance. Recent advancements in genetic engineering and synthetic biology have rekindled interest in using bacteria as a novel therapeutic approach in oncology.

Biofilm Formation in Chronic Infections: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Implications, and Novel Therapeutic Approaches.

Biofilms are intricate microbial communities on various surfaces, including medical devices and biological tissues, encased within a protective matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Their formation and persistence are significant factors in the pathogenesis of chronic infections, contributing to the complexity of treatment and increased resistance to antimicrobial agents. This review explores the multifaceted nature of biofilms, focusing on their formation, structure, and the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to their resilience.

The Evolution of Phage Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Current Applications and Future Innovations.

Phage therapy, using bacteriophages to target and destroy bacteria, has evolved significantly from its early 20th-century inception to its modern resurgence as a promising alternative to antibiotics. This review explores the historical development of phage therapy, detailing its initial successes, subsequent decline with the rise of antibiotics, and recent revival in response to increasing antibiotic resistance. We examine the fundamental mechanisms of phage therapy, including the specificity of phages for bacterial targets and their ability to combat resistant strains.

Sepsis Due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a Tertiary Care Centre: Case Series.

, also known as , is a low-virulence, non-fermenter gram-negative bacillus mainly found in marine environments. We report a detailed series of four high-risk cases of septicemia with the common variable of positive blood cultures for . All four blood isolates were multi-drug resistant and susceptible to meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.