Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Based on Pulse-Pressure Variation Compared with Standard Fluid Therapy in Patients Undergoing Complex Spine Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Purpose: To determine whether the use of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDT) guided by pulse-pressure variation (PPV) and fluid management protocol can reduce intraoperative hypotension, blood transfusion requirements, and postoperative complications in adults undergoing complex spine surgery.

Overview Of Literature: Complex spine surgeries involve a significant risk of blood loss and intraoperative hypotension.

Development of An Assessment Test for An Anesthetic Machine.

Objective: The study is aimed to develop and assess the quality of an evaluation form used to evaluate the nurse anesthetic trainees' skills in undertaking a pre-use check of an anesthetic machine.

Material And Method: An evaluation form comprising 25 items was developed, informed by the guidelines published by national anesthesiologist societies and refined to reflect the anesthetic machine used in our institution. The item-checking included the cylinder supplies and medical gas pipelines, vaporizer back bar, ventilator anesthetic breathing system, scavenging system and emergency back-up equipment.

An economic evaluation of bupivacaine plus fentanyl versus ropivacaine alone for patient-controlled epidural analgesia after total-knee replacement procedure: a double-blinded randomized study.

Background And Objectives: Total-knee replacement (TKR) surgery is one of the most painful orthopedic procedures after surgery. Opioid has been commonly combined with a local anesthetic to improve the quality of pain relief, but the treatment has opioid-related side effects. This study compared the cost effectiveness of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with 0.