Pediatric Difficult Intravenous Access Scores in a Low-Resource Setting: An External Validation Study.

Objectives: This study aims to establish and evaluate validity data for pediatric difficult intravenous access (DIVA) scores in low-resource emergency care settings within low- to middle-income countries (LMIC). We also sought to explore associated factors for DIVA that could contribute to a modified pediatric DIVA score with optimal performance in our setting.

Methods: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in children aged 0 to 15 years who required urgent or emergent peripheral intravenous access (PIVA) over a 10-month period in a large university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.