Comparative digestive biology between the ponyfishes from the Pranburi River estuary, Thailand.

We investigated the digestive biology of two prevalent leiognathid species in Pranburi River estuary, Thailand: the decorated ponyfish (Nuchequula gerreoides) and the splendid polyfish (Eubleekeria splendens). A total of 632 samples collected from February to April and September to November 2017 were analysed using morphological and histological approaches. The overall structures were similar between the species: a short mucous-cell-rich oesophagus region, a well-developed gastric gland uniformly present across the stomach's mucosal layer, and three finger-like pyloric caeca between the stomach and intestine.

Confirmatory test of active IHHNV infection in shrimp by immunohistochemistry and IHHNV-LongAmp PCR.

The presence of endogenous viral elements (EVE) in the penaeid shrimp genome has been recently reported and suggested to be involved in the host recognition of viral invaders. Our previous report of a search for EVE of infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV-EVE) in the Thai Penaeus monodon whole genome sequence project (GenBank accession no. JABERT000000000) confirmed the presence of three clusters of EVE derived from IHHNV in the shrimp genome.

Immunopathogenesis of hematopoietic tissues in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) infection in Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

In crustacean, hemocytes are known as crucial components of crustaceans' innate immunity against pathogens. Drastic hemocytes reduction during infectious disease is apparently related to disease severity and calls for a health status evaluation and aquaculture management. The molecular pathogenesis of hemocytes loss during bacterial infection was elucidated with VP challenged in M.

Up-regulation of parvalbumin expression in newborn and adult rat heart.

Parvalbumin (PV), a cytoplasmic calcium-binding protein, functions as a relaxing factor and has recently been detected in rat heart. Developmental changes in PV localization and expression were investigated in the heart of Wistar rats at different ages. Ten hearts from newborn, 3-month-old (young), 6-month-old (young adult), and 12-month-old (adult) rats were processed for immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay.