An uncommon case of retinitis pigmentosa patients based on clinical and genetic study.

Inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) is a group of phenotypes caused by mutations in visual pathways-related genes, mostly occurring at photoreceptors. This heterogeneous group includes retinitis pigmentosa (RP) recognised by bone spicule at the peripheral retina and the other is Stargardt with macular pisiform flecks. In this study, a 20- year-old male patient with RP symptoms was accompanied by a yellowish pisiform flex in the macula.

Identifying an appropriate gene testing tool for inherited retinal dystrophy in Indonesia, a developing country.

Introduction: Inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) is a group of untreated genetic ocular diseases that mostly affect young people. The number of patients with IRD worldwide, including in developing countries, is growing each year. This literature review aimed to investigate the current utilised genetic screening of IRD worldwide and to propose the most feasible genetics test and diagnostic method for IRD in developing countries, especially Indonesia.

rs10737680 polymorphism in complement factor H and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is one of the main causes of blindness in developed countries. is one of the genes involved in the pathogenesis of nAMD. This study investigated the rs10737680 polymorphism in and its conferred susceptibility to nAMD in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Circulating levels of Interferon-Gamma in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Yogyakarta.

Introduction: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a major factor contributing to blindness and impaired visual acuity in elderly people. The pathophysiology of nAMD involves excessive inflammation events in the macula. Thus, it is crucial to study the dynamics of an important pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).

Association of the HtrA1 rs11200638 Polymorphism with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Indonesia.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the HtrA1 rs11200638 polymorphism with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Indonesia.

Methods: This case-control study included 80 patients with nAMD and 85 controls. Demographic parameters and whole blood were collected from each participant.

Associations of and Gene Polymorphisms with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the association of A69S, del443ins54, and Y402H polymorphisms with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) for the first time in an Indonesian population.

Patients And Methods: Our case-control study involved 104 nAMD and 100 control subjects. AMD diagnosis was evaluated by retinal specialists based on color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography.

The estimated healthcare cost of diabetic retinopathy in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Purpose: To estimate the total healthcare cost associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Methods: A prevalence-based cost-of-illness model was constructed from previous population-based DR study. Projection for 2025 was derived from estimated diabetes population in 2025.

Estimated Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Composition Measures Are Strongly Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy in Indonesian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the associations of estimated resting metabolic rate (RMR), body fat (BF), subcutaneous fat (SCF), visceral fat (VF), fat-free mass (FFM) percentage, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study of 1,184 subjects with type 2 diabetes. DR was assessed from fundus photography and categorized as mild, moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and vision-threatening DR (VTDR).