Comparison of two fluid solutions for resuscitation in a rabbit model of crush syndrome.

Background: Crush syndrome is a common injury, the main characteristics of which include acute kidney injury. However, there is still lack of reliable animal model of crush syndrome, and it also remains controversial as to which type of fluid should be chosen as a more appropriate treatment option for prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.

Methods: The rabbits were crushed at the lower limbs for 6 h with 36 times the body weight, which means the pressure of each leg was also 36 times the body weight.

Analysis of pathological data of renal biopsy at one single center in China from 1987 to 2012.

Background: In China, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease has increased significantly. Many studies shows that the spectrum of kidney disease had changed in recent years. We retrospectively analyzed the pathological types of renal biopsy and its spectrum change at the General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from December 1987 to December 2012, in order to offer new supporting evidences for further specifying the distribution of renal pathological types in China.

miR-34a regulates mesangial cell proliferation via the PDGFR-β/Ras-MAPK signaling pathway.

The main pathological characteristic of glomerulonephritis is diffuse mesangial cell proliferation. MiR-34a is associated with the proliferation of various organs and cancer cells. However, the role of miR-34a in renal proliferation diseases is not clear.

Effects of compound Shenhua tablet on renal tubular Na+-K+-ATPase in rats with acute ischemic reperfusion injury.

Objective: To observe the effect of Compound Shenhua Tablet (, SHT) on the sodium-potassium- exchanging adenosinetriphosphatase (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase) in the renal tubular epithelial cells of rats with acute ischemic reperfusion and to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of SHT on renal ischemic reperfusion injury (RIRI).

Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham surgery group, model group, astragaloside group [150 mg/(kg·d)], SHT low-dose group [1.5 g/(kg·d)] and SHT high-dose group [3.

Beneficial effects of short-term calorie restriction against cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in aged rats.

Background: The therapeutic use of the antineoplastic drug cisplatin (DDP) in the elderly is limited by its nephrotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of short-term calorie restriction (CR) on DDP-induced nephrotoxicity in aged rats.

Methods: A group of 25-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: ad libitum (AL) and CR, which were fed 60% of the food consumed by AL rats for 8 weeks.

Short-term calorie restriction protects against renal senescence of aged rats by increasing autophagic activity and reducing oxidative damage.

To explore the effect of short-term calorie restriction (CR) on renal aging, 8-week CR with 60% of the food intake of the ad libitum group was administered in 25-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Aged rats subjected to short-term CR had lower body weight, level of triglycerides and ratio of urine protein to urine creatinine, respectively. Short-term CR blunted the increased glomerular volume, the degree of fibrosis, p16 and the positive rate of senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining of the kidneys in old ad libitum group.

Mitochondrial autophagy involving renal injury and aging is modulated by caloric intake in aged rat kidneys.

Background: A high-calorie (HC) diet induces renal injury and promotes aging, and calorie restriction (CR) may ameliorate these responses. However, the effects of long-term HC and CR on renal damage and aging have been not fully determined. Autophagy plays a crucial role in removing protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain intracellular homeostasis and function.

Effects of Aging on Kidney Graft Function, Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression after Kidney Transplantation.

Conflicting results have been reported regarding the effects of donor age, recipient age and donor-recipient age difference on short- and long-term outcomes after kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of recipient age on graft function, oxidative stress, and gene expression after renal transplantation. Fifty male Fischer 344 rats [25 young (Y, 4 months), 25 senior (S, 16 months)] were randomized to 6 groups: 2 sham groups (Y and S, n = 5 in each group) and 4 renal transplant groups[young-to-young (Y-Y), young-to-senior (Y-S), senior-to-young (S-Y), senior-to-senior (S-S), (n = 10 in each group)].

[Effects of TIMP-1 on PTEN expression on renal tubular epithelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the role of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in regulating both angiogenesis and the expressions of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/Flk-1 expression in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HKC).

Methods: HKC cells were transfected with two recombinant plasmids containing sense and antisense full-length TIMP-1 cDNA (TIMP-1S-pcDNA3.0 and TIMP-1AS-pcDNA3.

Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate ischemic acute kidney injury by inducing regulatory T cells through splenocyte interactions.

The mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in acute kidney injury remains uncertain. Previous studies indicated that mesenchymal stem cells could attenuate inflammation-related organ injury by induction of regulatory T cells. Whether regulatory T-cell induction is a potential mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ischemic acute kidney injury and how these induced regulatory T cells orchestrate local inflammation are unknown.

Immunohistochemistry of deparaffinised sections using antigen retrieval with microwave combined pressure cooking versus immunofluorescence in the assessment of human renal biopsies.

Background: Immunofluorescence of frozen tissue sections (IF-F) is a traditional technique used in renal biopsy. However, IF-F has certain disadvantages, such as a few or even no glomeruli in the section, and limited long-term preservation of the fluorescently labelled samples.

Methods: We compared two-step immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of deparaffinised sections for antigen retrieval with microwave combined high-pressure cooking to IF-F used to detect antigens of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C1q, κ and λ in patient renal biopsy samples.

Immunofluorescence with dual microwave retrieval of paraffin-embedded sections in the assessment of human renal biopsy specimens.

Immunofluorescence of frozen tissue sections (IF-F) is a classic technique for renal immunopathologic examination. However, it has certain disadvantages, such as diffuse antigen distribution and few or even no glomeruli in the section. We developed a new technique of immunofluorescence staining using dual microwave retrieval in paraffin-embedded renal tissue sections (IF-DMP) and compared IF-DMP with IF-F in 406 renal biopsy samples.

Effects of Fufang Shenhua Tablet on the expression of toll-like receptors during acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Objective: To investigate the impact of a traditional Chinese medicinal compound known as Fufang Shenhua Tablet (SHP) on the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) during renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats.

Methods: A total of 28 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) pseudo-operation control group, (2) ischemia-reperfusion model group, (3) Astragaloside group, (4) high-dose SHP group, and (5) low-dose SHP group. There were four rats in the pseudo-operation group and six rats in each of the other groups.

Novel mechanism for mesenchymal stem cells in attenuating peritoneal adhesion: accumulating in the lung and secreting tumor necrosis factor α-stimulating gene-6.

Introduction: We previously found that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injected intravenously could attenuate peritoneal adhesion by secreting tumor necrosis alpha-stimulating gene (TSG)-6, while MSCs injected intraperitoneally could not. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the means by which MSCs exert their effects.

Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate peritoneal injury through secretion of TSG-6.

Background: Mesothelial cell injury plays an important role in peritoneal fibrosis. Present clinical therapies aimed at alleviating peritoneal fibrosis have been largely inadequate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are efficient for repairing injuries and reducing fibrosis.

Impaired autophagic function in rat islets with aging.

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a deficit in β-cell function and mass, and its incidence increases with age. Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular process for degrading cytoplasmic components, particularly protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Impaired or deficient autophagy is believed to cause or contribute to aging and age-related disease.

Erythropoietin protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.

Background: The anticancer drug cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity associated with apoptosis plays crucial roles in tumor patients. Erythropoietin (EPO) has recently been shown to enhance recovery from CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats by exerting anti-apoptotic effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of Erythropoietin protects against CP-induced AKI are not very clear.

Kruppel-like factor-15 inhibits the proliferation of mesangial cells.

Background/aims: The Kruppel-like factor-15 (KLF15), a DNA-binding transcription factor, is highly expressed in endothelial and mesangial cells of the kidney. However, its effects on mesangial cell proliferation have not previously been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effect of KLF15 on mesangial cell proliferation.

Overexpression of Robo2 causes defects in the recruitment of metanephric mesenchymal cells and ureteric bud branching morphogenesis.

Roundabout 2 (Robo2) is a member of the membrane protein receptor family. The chemorepulsive effect of Slit2-Robo2 signaling plays vital roles in nervous system development and neuron migration. Slit2-Robo2 signaling is also important for maintaining the normal morphogenesis of the kidney and urinary collecting system, especially for the branching of the ureteric bud (UB) at the proper site.

[Experimental study of immunological function regulated by Fufang Hongjingtian capsule in mice].

The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological function regulated by Fufang Hongjingtian capsule (HJT) in mice. The mice were given ig HJT 25, 250 and 750 mg/kg, once daily, for 30 - 38 d, respectively. The mice in control group were given ig corresponding solvent.

Bioinformatics analysis of proteomic profiles during the process of anti-Thy1 nephritis.

Anti-Thy1 nephritis is a well-established experimental mesangial proliferative nephritis model. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology in anti-Thy1 nephritis may elucidate the pathogeneses of mesangial proliferation. We examined the roles and acting mechanisms of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) by bioinformatics analysis of glomeruli proteomic profiles during the course of anti-Thy1 nephritis.

Fasudil ameliorates rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of apoptosis.

During times of war or natural disasters, rhabdomyolysis leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) can assume epidemic proportions. Fasudil attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI. We investigated the therapeutic effect of an early application of fasudil on AKI induced by rhabdomyolysis and explored the potential mechanisms.

miR-335 and miR-34a Promote renal senescence by suppressing mitochondrial antioxidative enzymes.

The molecular basis for aging of the kidney is not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to processes such as development, differentiation, and apoptosis, but their contribution to the aging process is unknown. Here, we analyzed the miRNA expression profile of young (3-month) and old (24-month) rat kidneys and identified the biologic pathways and genes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs.

[Clinicopathological analysis on hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis in 205 patients].

Objective: To investigate liver and kidney lesions in HBV-GN patients and relationship between them and provide evidences to make early diagnosis of HBV-GN.

Methods: Reviewing the clinicopathological and laboratory indexes of 205 patients with HBV-GN diagnosed by renal biopsy in our hospital from September 1995 to November 2008.

Results: HBV-GN account for 5.

Age-related changes in the function of autophagy in rat kidneys.

Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular process for the degradation of cytoplasmic components, especially protein aggregates and damaged organelles. It is essential for maintaining healthy cells. Impaired or deficient autophagy is believed to cause or contribute to aging and age-related disease.