Is Subjective Cognitive Decline Associated with Behavioral Health Outcomes Among Mothers?

Objectives: Studies suggests that pregnancy can alter the maternal neurological function of the brain (i.e., result in cognitive decline) in a way that remains prevalent well into middle and older adulthood.

Opioid Use Disorder Among the Economically Disadvantaged in the Rural South.

Objective: This study aimed to identify county-level hotspots and associated risk factors for opioid use disorder (OUD) in the state of Alabama.

Methods: Using 2015 to 2019 Alabama Medicaid administrative claims data, Medicaid recipients with OUD were identified. We performed local indicators of spatial association analysis to identify hotspots of OUD rates.

Perspectives on a good death: A comparative study of veterans and civilians.

This study aimed to identify any differences between veterans and non-veterans in the importance of domains of the Good Death Inventory. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk to complete a Qualtrics survey on the importance of the 18 domains of the Good Death Inventory scale. Logistic regression models were then used to analyze any differences between veterans ( = 241) and nonveterans ( = 1151).

Sleep disparities in the first month of college: implications for academic achievement.

Study Objective: We investigated sleep disparities and academic achievement in college.

Methods: Participants were 6,002 first-year college students attending a midsize private university in the southern United States [62.0% female, 18.

Association between driving frequency and well-being among older adults.

Objectives: Research on driving in older adulthood suggests that driving is a form of independence for older adults and is often associated with increased social capital and overall-being. However, few studies have examined whether the frequency of driving, and not driving alone, affects likelihood of having well-being among older adults. This study aimed to examine the association between frequency of driving and well-being among older adults, guided by the activity theory of aging.

Quality of Care at the End of Life: Applying the Intersection of Race and Gender.

Background And Objectives: Research on racial and gender disparities in end-of-life care quality has burgeoned over the past few decades, but few studies have incorporated the theory of intersectionality, which posits that membership in 2 or more vulnerable groups may result in increased hardships across the life span. As such, this study aimed to examine the intersectional effect of race and gender on the quality of care received at the end of life among older adults.

Research Design And Methods: Data were derived from the combined Round 3 to Round 10 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Provider-Engaged Religious Belief Discussions with Older Adults at the End of Life.

The purpose of this study was to determine racial/ethnic differences in provider-engaged religious belief discussion with older adults in the final month of life. Data were derived from the combined 2012 to 2020 National Health and Aging Trends Study. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and a binary logistic regression model was used to test the association between race/ethnicity and provider-engaged religious belief discussions at the end of life.

Racial and ethnic differences in retrospective end-of-Life outcomes: A systematic review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive account of racial and ethnic differences in retrospective end-of-life outcomes. Studies were searched from the following databases: Abstracts in Social Gerontology, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMED, and SocIndex. Studies were included if they were published in English, included people from groups who have been minoritized, included adults aged 18 and older, used retrospective data, and examined end-of-life outcomes.

The Intersectional Impact of Race/Ethnicity and Sex on Access to Technology Among Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Research on technological access and usage has revealed a digital divide based on several sociodemographic factors, including race/ethnicity, sex, income, and education. While several studies have examined these factors separately, few studies have considered how multiple vulnerable identities may combine to influence access to technology. Using the theory of intersectionality, this study assesses the combined impact of race/ethnicity and sex on access to a working cellphone and a working laptop/computer among U.

The Good Death Among Black, Indigenous, and/or People of Color: Which Aspects of a Good Death Are Most Important?

A good death is one where a patient's preferences and wishes are fully respected. The purpose of this study was to determine which aspects of a good death are most important to Black/Indigenous, and/or people of color (BIPOC). Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk, and then directed to complete a quantitative survey indicating the importance of each item on the Good Death Inventory.

Patterns in older adults' perceived chronic stressor types and cognitive functioning trajectories: Are perceived chronic stressors always bad?

Purpose: Previous studies have linked levels of perceived chronic stress to older adults' cognitive functioning, but few have focused on the impact of chronic stressor types. Thus, this study aimed to (1) identify patterns of chronic stressor types and (2) examine the effects of these patterns on cognitive functioning trajectories among older adults.

Methods: Two longitudinal studies were conducted separately to test the study aims and ensure replicability across samples and time points.

Effectiveness of remote interventions in improving caregiver stress outcomes for caregivers of people with traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Caregiver stress is the term used to define the adverse effects of caregiving, and its prevalence among caregivers of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is amplified by the suddenness of brain injury. This systematic review aimed to identify whether remote interventions can be helpful in minimizing those financial, emotional, and physical stressors associated with caring for a person with TBI.

Method: Studies were located by searching the following databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Medication-assisted treatment and self-help group participation among military veterans with opioid or alcohol use disorder.

Introduction: Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is a combination of behavioural therapy and medications to assist with recovery and has been administered to individuals with alcohol and opioid withdrawal symptoms. Military veterans seeking MAT could have barriers preventing them from receiving the care they desire. The present study sought to compare outcomes in individuals who received MAT or those who participated in self-help groups for opioid or alcohol use disorder.

Social isolation among older veterans: findings from the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Objectives: Social isolation is a critical public health issue that affects multiple domains of well-being among older adults, but little is known about social isolation among older military veterans. As such, the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of social isolation among older veterans

Method: Data were derived from Round 1 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study, which is an annual, longitudinal panel survey of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older. The sample included 1,683 veterans, who were primarily White and male.

Substance use among women who are pregnant: Examining treatment completion by race and ethnicity.

Substance use during pregnancy is a critical public health issue that affects both the mother and the fetus. While research has assessed racial differences in treatment completion among women who are pregnant for specific types of substances, few studies have evaluated treatment completion for a variety of substances. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in substance use treatment completion among women who are pregnant.

Pregnancy and Binge Drinking: An Intersectionality Theory Perspective Using Veteran Status and Racial/Ethnic Identity.

Objectives: Alcohol use during pregnancy is a critical public health issue that results in several adverse outcomes for both mother and child. While the prevalence of and consequences of binge drinking among pregnant women is well-documented in the literature, little is known about the intersectional effect of racial/ethnic identity and veteran status. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of binge drinking among pregnant women using the intersectionality of racial/ethnic identity and veteran status.

Alcohol misuse among older military veterans: an intersectionality theory perspective.

Background: Alcohol misuse among older adults is an emerging public health issue. Older veterans are particularly at risk of developing substance use dependency due to the enduring impacts of military service. The purpose of this study was to test the theory of intersectionality on alcohol misuse by veteran status and age, veteran status and sex, and veteran status and race.

Examining Racial Differences in the Informal Discussion of Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults: Application of the Andersen Model of Health Care Utilization.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in the discussion of advance care planning among older adults using Andersen's behavioral model of health care utilization.

Method: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study. Weighted multivariable logistic regressions were used to predict advance care planning discussion ( = 1,326).

Creation of a Living Will in Older Adulthood: Differences by Race and Ethnicity.

The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences in the creation of a living will among older adults, guided by the Andersen model of healthcare utilization. Data from the 2018 National Health and Aging Trends Study were used to examine differences between Black and Hispanic older adults compared to Whites. Weighted bivariate analysis and a weighted logistic regression model were used to determine the presence of a living will.

Racial Disparities in Substance Use Treatment Completion Among Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Racial disparities in substance use among young adults have been well documented in the substance use literature, but little attention has been paid to older adults. While being an older adult is positively associated with substance use treatment completion, racial disparities in treatment completion have yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent racial disparities exist in substance use treatment completion among older adults (65 and older).

Access Barrier in Rural Older Adults' Use of Pain Management and Palliative Care Services: A Systematic Review.

Background: Pain and symptom management is critical in ensuring quality of life for chronically ill older adults. However, while pain management and palliative care have steadily expanded in recent years, many underserved populations, such as rural older adults, experience barriers in accessing such specialty services, in part due to transportation issues. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the specific types of transportation-related barriers experienced by rural older adults in accessing pain and palliative care.