Utility of F18-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Pituitary Uptake.

 Pituitary adenoma is the most common disease that affects the gland and may be classified as functional/nonsecretory tumors. Inflammatory/infective causes may also affect the pituitary gland. The 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F18-FDG PET/CT) may have an incremental value in assessing these lesions and in determining their clinical significance.

Is routine screening for necessary in ICU?

Background And Objectives: The capability to cause invasive infection, multi-drug resistance, and health care-associated outbreaks of have made it a pathogen of great concern. Estimating how many patients in our intensive care unit had colonization and what characteristics put patients at risk for having spp. colonization were the primary goals of the study.

Epicardial Adipocytes in Cardiac Pathology and Healing.

Implications of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) have garnered recent attention. Located between the myocardium and visceral pericardium, EAT possesses unique morphological and physiological contiguity to the heart. The transcriptome and secretome of EAT differ from that of other fat stores in the body.

Mapping the Interaction Landscape of Adenosine and Minoxidil Sulfate Using an Independent Gradient Model Based on Hirshfeld Partition and Interaction Region Indicator.

Using theoretical techniques, the interactions between adenosine (AD) and minoxidil sulfate (MS) were studied using the DFT/M06-2X/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. The formation of the complex was thermodynamically favorable, so we carried out further studies. Frontier molecular orbital analysis shows that the HOMO-LUMO- gap is high (6.

Development of a Three-Finger Adaptive Robotic Gripper to Assist Activities of Daily Living.

A significant number of individuals in the United States use assistive devices to enhance their mobility, and a considerable portion of those who depend on such aids require assistance from another individual in performing daily living activities. The introduction of robotic grippers has emerged as a transformative intervention, significantly contributing to the cultivation of independence. However, there are few grippers in the fields, which help with mimicking human hand-like movements (mostly grasping and pinching, with adoptive force control) to grasp and carry objects.

Holistic Approach for the Early Detection of Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Training Module.

Objectives: Oral cancer is significantly high in India, and screening is an effective approach to downstage the disease. Educating Community Health Workers (CHWs) on early oral cancer detection is an effective step toward reducing the burden and serves as a first step toward facilitating the transfer of knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this hands-on education was to equip CHWs with insight on the advanced diagnostics, preventive techniques, and innovations for the early detection of oral cancer.

Exercise mitigates reductive stress-induced cardiac remodeling in mice.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates protein folding and maintains proteostasis in cells. We observed that the ER transcriptome is impaired during chronic reductive stress (RS) in cardiomyocytes. Here, we hypothesized that a prolonged moderate treadmill exercise mitigates the RS-induced ER dysfunction and cardiac remodeling in cardiac-specific constitutively active Nrf2 mice (CaNrf2-TG).

Impact of Socio-demographic Variables, Surgical Techniques and Risk Factors on the Outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery among Bangladeshi Population.

This study was intended to evaluate the pathological outcome of cardiopulmonary bypass whilst considering socio-demographic variables and surgical technique on early postoperative results following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in patients at a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh. This observational study evaluated a total of 880 patients with ischemic heart disease in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh from 2011 to 2019 who were undergoing an isolated CABG surgery. In this current study, the population divided into two groups- Group A: Off-pump CABG (n=440) and Group B: On-pump CABG (n=440).

Two by Two Factorial Design using Metformin and Curcumin for Second Primary Head and Neck Cancer Prevention Trial.

Objective: The 2x2 factorial design is an effective method that allows for multiple comparisons, especially in the context of interactions between different interventions, without substantially increasing the required sample size. In view of the considerable preclinical evidence for Curcumin and Metformin in preventing the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this study describes the protocol of the clinical trial towards applying the drug combination in prevention of second primary tumors.

Methods: We have applied the trial design to a large phase IIB/III double-blind, multi-centric, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to determine the safety and efficacy of Metformin and Curcumin in the prevention of second primary tumours (SPT) of the aerodigestive tract following treatment of HNSCC (n=1,500) [Clinical Registry of India, CTRI/2018/03/012274].

Time to positivity of blood cultures causing candidemia and its relation to mortality.

Background And Objectives: Early diagnosis of candidemia is of vital importance in reducing mortality and morbidity. The main objective of the study was to determine the TTP (Time to Positivity) of different species of causing bloodstream infection and to see whether TTP can help differentiate which is frequently fluconazole resistant from Fluconazole sensitive .

Materials And Methods: TTP (Time to positivity) and AAT (Appropriate Antifungal therapy) were noted for Blood cultures becoming positive for .

Feasibility, Reliability, and Effectiveness of Oral cancer screening in South Asia and Southeast Asian countries: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: The incidence of oral cancer is significantly high in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Organized screening is an effective approach to early detection. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the reliability, diagnostic accuracy, and effectiveness of visual oral screening by community health workers (CHWs) in identifying oral cancer/oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) in this region.

Characteristics of patients who return to the emergency department after an observation-unit assessment.

Objective: Emergency department observation units (EDOUs) transition patients from the ED to dedicated areas where they can receive continuous monitoring. Understanding patient return visits after EDOU discharge is important for optimizing healthcare. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlations between demographic and clinical features and the likelihood of returning to the ED within 30 days following an initial EDOU assessment.

Impact of booster vaccination interval on SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death.

Objectives: We investigated how booster interval affects the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Covid-19-related hospitalization and death in different age groups.

Methods: We collected data on booster receipts and Covid-19 outcomes between September 22, 2021 and February 9, 2023 for 5,769,205 North Carolina residents ≥12 years of age who had completed their primary vaccination series. We related Covid-19 outcomes to baseline characteristics and booster doses through Cox regression models.

Rapid and Label-Free Histopathology of Oral Lesions Using Deep Learning Applied to Optical and Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging Data.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are precursors to over 80% of oral cancers. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, followed by pathologist interpretation of tissue and cellular morphology, is the current gold standard for diagnosis. However, this method is qualitative, can result in errors during the multi-step diagnostic process, and results may have significant inter-observer variability.

Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Glass Ionomer Cement on Microhardness of Artificial Caries Lesion in Primary Teeth: An Study.

Aim: To evaluate the remineralizing potential of glass ionomer cement (GIC) and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on artificially induced enamel caries lesions in primary teeth.

Materials And Methods: The initial baseline surface microhardness (SMH) of 40 primary teeth was tested using Vickers hardness tester, followed by the creation of artificial caries lesions by immersion in the demineralizing solution. Microhardness assessments of demineralized samples were done, and samples were randomly divided into two groups of 20 specimens: in group I, GIC was applied on demineralized enamel, and in group II, SDF was applied on demineralized enamel.

Role of Surface Terminations for Charge Storage of TiCT MXene Electrodes in Aqueous Acidic Electrolyte.

In this study, we used 2-Dimmensionnal TiC MXene as model materials to understand how the surface groups affect their electrochemical performance. By adjusting the nature of the surface terminations (Cl-, N/O-, and O-) of TiC MXene through a molten salt approach, we could change the spacing between MXene layers and the level of water confinement, resulting in significant modifications of the electrochemical performance in acidic electrolyte. Using a combination of techniques including in-operando X-ray diffraction and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) techniques, we found that the presence of confined water results in a drastic transition from an almost electrochemically inactive behavior for Cl-terminated TiC to an ideally fast pseudocapacitive signature for N,O-terminated TiC MXene.

68 Ga-Citrate PET/CT Imaging in the Diagnosis of Skull Base Osteomyelitis and Its Usefulness in the Assessment of Treatment Response.

Purpose: 68 Ga-citrate PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis of skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) and its usefulness in the assessment of treatment response.

Methods: Eighteen patients underwent 68 Ga-citrate PET/CT scans for suspected SBO for diagnosis/assessment of treatment response.

Results: Of 18 patients, 16 patients had a positive study for SBO, and 2 patients had a negative study.

Influence of electrolyte imbalance on regional wall motion abnormalities in STEMI patients of North Indian origin.

Assessing regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) in the myocardium may provide early diagnosis and treat chronic remodeling in STEMI patients. We assessed RWMA in 217 subjects with anterior STEMI admitted to Era University Hospital in Lucknow, UP, India. Besides abnormalities in the LAD territory, sub-sets of patients exhibited diffuse regional myocardial dysfunction.

Analysis of discordant PET and CT findings in 18F-FDG PET-CT scans in the management of oncology patients.

Background: Discordant findings are often noted between PET-CT and CT images of 18F-FDG PET-CT scans and cause ambiguity in image interpretation.This study aimed at determining the significance of these findings in the management of oncology patients.

Context: Discordant findings are often noted between PET-CT and CT images of 18F-FDG PET-CT scans and cause ambiguity in image interpretation.

Impact of Prophylactic Antibiotic Selection on the Prevention and Bacterial Flora of Surgical Site Infections After Colorectal Surgery.

Deep incisional and organ/space surgical site infections (SSIs) after colorectal surgery are associated with adverse outcomes. Multiple antibiotic regimens are recommended for peri-operative prophylaxis, with no particular regimen preferred over another. We compared the prophylaxis regimens used in patients with and without SSIs, and the impact of regimens on the flora involved in SSIs.

Ovol2 promoter mutations in mice and human illuminate species-specific phenotypic divergence.

Pathogenic variants in the highly conserved OVOL2 promoter region cause posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) 1 by inducing an ectopic expression of the endothelial OVOL2 mRNA. Here we produced an allelic series of Ovol2 promoter mutations in the mouse model including the heterozygous c.-307T>C variant (RefSeq NM_021220.

Inter-observer agreement among specialists in the diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer using store-and-forward technology.

Objectives: Oral cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Screening and mobile Health (mHealth)-based approach facilitates early detection remotely in a resource-limited settings. Recent advances in eHealth technology have enabled remote monitoring and triage to detect oral cancer in its early stages.

Sustained Increases in Cardiomyocyte Protein -Linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine Levels Lead to Cardiac Hypertrophy and Reduced Mitochondrial Function Without Systolic Contractile Impairment.

Background Lifestyle and metabolic diseases influence the severity and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease through numerous mechanisms, including regulation via posttranslational modifications. A specific posttranslational modification, the addition of -linked β- acetylglucosamine (-GlcNAcylation), has been implicated in molecular mechanisms of both physiological and pathologic adaptations. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that in cardiomyocytes, sustained protein -GlcNAcylation contributes to cardiac adaptations, and its progression to pathophysiology.