Posterior scalp block with bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine for pain management in posterior fossa surgeries: a prospective, double blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pain management in posterior fossa surgeries poses significant challenges, with opioid-based approaches causing unwanted side effects. This study evaluates the efficacy of posterior scalp block using bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine compared to skin infiltration for managing perioperative pain.

Methods: In this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 34 adult patients undergoing elective posterior fossa surgeries were equally assigned to either posterior scalp block or skin infiltration groups.

Deciphering the ameliorative effect of Aloe vera (L.) burm. F. extract on histopathological alterations in Streptozotocin-induced WNIN/GR-ob rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Natural products have emerged as a novel source in the management of non-communicable diseases, more so in diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities. Aloe vera is widely recognized for its anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic properties and numerous researchers have identified component (s) from Aloe vera attributing to these therapeutic effects.

Aim Of The Study: The current work was undertaken to gain insight into the protective effect of Aloe vera (L.

Ectopic Lingual Thyroid-A Rare Presentation.

Lingual thyroid is a rare clinical entity due to failure of the embryonic gland to descend to its normal pretracheal location. We report a case of 29 years old male patient who presented with the complaints of difficulty in swallowing and phonation. The clinical and radiology features were diagnostic of ectopic lingual thyroid.

Alleviation of diabetes mellitus through the restoration of β-cell function and lipid metabolism by Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. extract in obesogenic WNIN/GR-Ob rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrane Glycosides.

A series of novel (5R)-5-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-3,3a,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazoles 11a-g and (5R)-5-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-phenyl-3,3a,5,6-tetrahydroisoxazolo[3,4-d]thiazoles 12a-g were synthesized by the reaction of chalcone derivatives of (R,Z)-2-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-5-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-ones 10a-g with phenylhydrazine and hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The chemical structures of newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The compounds 11a-g and 12a-g were evaluated for their antibacterial activity and antifungal activity.

A knowledge-driven protocol for prediction of proteins of interest with an emphasis on biosynthetic pathways.

This protocol describes a stepwise process to identify proteins of interest from a query proteome derived from NGS data. We implemented this protocol on transcriptome to identify proteins involved in secondary metabolite and vitamin biosynthesis and ion transport. This knowledge-driven protocol identifies proteins using an integrated approach involving sensitive sequence search and evolutionary relationships.

Dataset for the combined transcriptome assembly of and functional annotation.

In this paper, we present the data acquired during transcriptome analysis of the Moringa oleifera [1] from five different tissues (root, stem, leaf, flower and seed) by RNA sequencing. A total of 271 million reads were assembled with an N50 of 2094 bp. The combined transcriptome was assessed for transcript abundance across five tissues.

Vertigo: Incidences, Diagnosis and Its Relations with Hearing Loss.

Vertigo is one of the most common complaints in our regular practice. Vertigo is of peripheral or central cause. The association of vertigo with or without hearing loss helps to narrow the differential diagnosis.

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Triazolyl Thiazolidine Derivatives of Pyrene.

In a one pot procedure a series of (R)-2-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-ones 9a-g and 2-((2R)-2-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-oxo-3-phenylthiazolidin-5-yl)acetic acids 10a-g was prepared by condensation of (2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carbaldehyde with mercapto acids and primary amines in the presence of ZnCl2 under both microwave irradiation and conventional heating conditions. Characterization of new compounds has been done by means of IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity was assessed against a panel of four different human tumor cell lines: A549 derived from human alveolar adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (ATCC No.

The transcriptome enables the identification of candidate genes behind medicinal value of Drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera).

Moringa oleifera is a plant well-known for its nutrition value, drought resistance and medicinal properties. cDNA libraries from five different tissues (leaf, root, stem, seed and flower) of M. oleifera cultivar Bhagya were generated and sequenced.

p-Coumaric acid mediated protection of H9c2 cells from Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: Involvement of augmented Nrf2 and autophagy.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely administered chemotherapeutic drug and incidences of cardiotoxicity associated with its administration have been of general concern. Extensive research proposes several mechanisms as a cause of Dox induced cardiotoxicity. However, none of these studies have been able to suggest a find one, cure all antidote for the same.

Synthesis, Nematicidal and Antifungal Properties of Hybrid Heterocyclics.

A new series of 5-((3aR,5S,6S,6aR)-6-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-3,3a,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazoles 10a-r was synthesized by the reaction of chalcone derivatives of 2-((3aR,5S,6S,6aR)-6-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one 9 with aryl/alkyl hydrazines. The chemical structures of newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The compounds 10a-r were evaluated for their nematicidal activity against Dietylenchus myceliophagus and Caenorhabditis elegans by aqueous in vitro screening technique.

Molecular mechanisms and structural features of cardiomyopathy-causing troponin T mutants in the tropomyosin overlap region.

Point mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins are the leading cause of inherited primary cardiomyopathies. Among them are mutations in the gene that encodes cardiac troponin T (TnT). These mutations are clustered in the tropomyosin (Tm) binding region of TnT, TNT1 (residues 80-180).

Down-regulation of PAX2 promotes in vitro differentiation of podocytes from human CD34 cells.

Podocytes are major kidney cells that help in glomerular filtration and any damage or loss is a major event in the progression of kidney diseases. Understanding podocytes development will help in designing therapeutic strategies against these renal diseases. Therefore, in vitro generation of podocytes from adult hematopoietic CD34 stem cells is explored in the present study.

Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Hybrid Heterocycles as Potential Anticancer Agents.

In a one pot procedure, a series of novel hybrid heterocycles 6a-g and 7a-g were prepared by condensation of (3aS,4S,6S,6aS)-6-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxole-4-carbaldehyde 5 with mercapto acids and primary amines in the presence of ZnCl2 under both microwave irradiation and conventional heating conditions. Compound 5 was prepared from di-acetone D-mannose via a click reaction, primary acetonide deprotection and oxidative cleavage. Characterization of new compounds has been done by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis.

The myosin mesa and the basis of hypercontractility caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutations.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is primarily caused by mutations in β-cardiac myosin and myosin-binding protein-C (MyBP-C). Changes in the contractile parameters of myosin measured so far do not explain the clinical hypercontractility caused by such mutations. We propose that hypercontractility is due to an increase in the number of myosin heads (S1) that are accessible for force production.

Expression of cold and drought regulatory protein (CcCDR) of pigeonpea imparts enhanced tolerance to major abiotic stresses in transgenic rice plants.

Transgenic rice expressing pigeonpea Cc CDR conferred high-level tolerance to different abiotic stresses. The multiple stress tolerance observed in CcCDR -transgenic lines is attributed to the modulation of ABA-dependent and-independent signalling-pathway genes. Stable transgenic plants expressing Cajanus cajan cold and drought regulatory protein encoding gene (CcCDR), under the control of CaMV35S and rd29A promoters, have been generated in indica rice.

Gel based in vitro 3D model exploring the osteocytic potentiality of human CD34 stem cells.

Osteocytic potentiality of human CD34 stem cells explored in the present study by generating in vitro agarose gel 3D model to understand the bone ossification process. The G-CSF and IL-3 mobilized human CD34 stem cells isolated apheretically from donor peripheral blood and purity of the cells was assessed by FACS and immunocytochemical (ICC) studies. The CD34 stem cells were cultured in gel based 3D model with osteogenic stimulating medium for 21 days.

Phosphorylation of Staphylococcus aureus Protein-Tyrosine Kinase Affects the Function of Glucokinase and Biofilm Formation.

Background: When Staphylococcus aureus is grown in the presence of high concentration of external glucose, this sugar is phosphorylated by glucokinase (glkA) to form glucose-6-phosphate. This product subsequently enters into anabolic phase, which favors biofilm formation. The presence of ROK (repressor protein, open reading frame, sugar kinase) motif, phosphate-1 and -2 sites, and tyrosine kinase sites in glkA of S.

In vitro differentiation potential of human haematopoietic CD34(+) cells towards pancreatic β-cells.

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess multipotent ability to differentiate into various types of cells on providing appropriate niche. In the present study, the differentiating potential of human HSCs into β-cells of islets of langerhans was explored. Human HSCs were apheretically isolated from a donor and cultured.

Stereoselective Synthesis of Southern Fragment of Hantupeptin A.

The stereoselective synthesis of the southern fragment (C21-C41) of Hantupeptin A is described. The required stereochemistry of β-hydroxy-α-methyl acid unit was accomplished through the Aldol reaction using Evan's chiral auxiliary followed by the installation of the terminal alkyne with Ohira-Bestmann reagent.

Multidimensional structure-function relationships in human β-cardiac myosin from population-scale genetic variation.

Myosin motors are the fundamental force-generating elements of muscle contraction. Variation in the human β-cardiac myosin heavy chain gene (MYH7) can lead to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a heritable disease characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. How specific myosin variants alter motor function or clinical expression of disease remains incompletely understood.

Role of STPK in Maintaining the Quiescent Nature of Human CD34 Stem Cells.

Haematopoietic stem cell normally exists in the hypoxic niche of bone marrow and in this high anaerobic condition phosphorylation is vital in understanding the stemness of these stem cells in bone marrow. Analysis of human aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) we have observed the presence of serine threonine protein kinase (STPK) sites in the protein sequence of these enzymes conferring that functioning of ALDH and IDH is regulated largely by STPK through phosphorylation. Human CD34 stem cells and mononuclear cells as a control isolated from peripheral blood and were propagated in DMEM media at 5% CO, 95% humidity and at 37°C.

In vitro generation of type-II pneumocytes can be initiated in human CD34(+) stem cells.

Objectives: Human CD34(+) stem cells differentiated into type-II pneumocytes in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) having hydrocortisone, insulin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), expressing surfactant proteins-B (SP-B) and C (SP-C), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lysozyme.

Results: FACS-enumerated pure CD34(+) cells, isolated from human peripheral blood, were cultured in DMEM and showed positive reaction with anti-human CD34 monoclonal antibodies in immunocytochemistry. These cells were cultured in DMEM having hydrocortisone, insulin, FGF, EGF and BSA (HIFEB-D) medium having an air-liquid interface.