Case of endocarditis triggering both ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke: A rare clinical presentation from eastern India.

We report a rare clinical presentation of a 54-year-old male diagnosed with infective endocarditis caused by , a nutritionally variant streptococcus (NVS) characterized by unique growth requirements and high pathogenic potential. The patient presented with prolonged fever and residual hemiparesis following an ischemic stroke. Blood culture confirmed , and imaging identified vegetations on a bicuspid aortic valve.

Structural basis of multi-target interactions of Henna Dye Lawsone: an experimental and theoretical evaluation.

Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), also known as hennotannic acid, is a red-orange dye present in the leaves of the henna plant () having lots of biological activities. In this paper, we have investigated the structural basis of binding affinities of Lawsone towards two different targets namely, calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) using experimental and computational approaches. This phytochemical binds to the minor groove of DNA and Sudlow site II, Domain III of BSA.

Synthesis of heteroatom doped polymer coated nanomaterials for slow and controlled drug release in the physiological microenvironment.

Objective: This study aimed to develop doped carbon dots and coat them with carboxyl-polymer to explore their applications in imaging living tissue cells and achieving targeted drug release, particularly for tumor therapy.

Methods: The synthesis of NP-CDs involved a one-pot hydrothermal reaction of seaweed powder, ethylene diamine, and phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure. Subsequently, the NP-CDs were coated with carboxyl-mounted PEG to create PEG@NP-CDs, serving as a nano carrier for delivering the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX).

Beyond Antibiotics: Exploring the Potential of Bacteriophages and Phage Therapy.

The escalating global threat of antibiotic resistance has prompted a critical need for innovative approaches to bacterial infection treatment. In terms of management, bacterial-associated disorders have reached a critical point in the world due to the advent of drug-resistant types of bacteria. Nonetheless, continued bacteriophage research presents a promising frontier in the battle against bacterial infections.

A pragmatic multi-setting healthy lifestyle intervention to improve BMI status in a middle-income population: A potential strategy for individuals at risk.

Background: To evaluate a multi-setting lifestyle intervention's effect on body mass index (BMI) across the entire spectrum in a middle-income adult population over 15 years.

Methods: This pragmatic interventional study included 5153 adults (≥20 years) from a middle-income community, followed for over 15 years with five follow-ups. A multi-setting intervention (school, family, community) aimed to promote healthy lifestyles.

The relationship between rubrospinal tract structure and ankle plantarflexor muscle stiffness in children with Cerebral Palsy.

We aimed to study the structure of the rubrospinal tract (RuST) and stiffness of muscles of lower extremities in Cerebral Palsy (CP) children and understand the contribution of the structure of the RuST to spasticity of these muscles.Twenty-six spastic CP children of age 4-15 years old participated. The structure of this tract was characterized using the parameters extracted from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Serological response to lumpy skin disease in recovered and clinically healthy vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle of Bangladesh.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the most economically important transboundary animal diseases that emerged in Bangladesh in 2019. It has a significant economic impact on household cattle owners in rural settings in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in selected areas of the Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh between July 2021 and May 2023.

3D-Organoid-SwinNet: High-content profiling of 3D organoids.

Profiling of Patient-Derived organoids is necessary for drug screening and precision medicine. This step requires accurate segmentation of three-dimensional cellular structures followed by protein readouts. While fully Convolutional Neural Networks are widely used in medical image segmentation, they struggle to capture long-range dependencies necessary for accurate segmentation.

Use of ash filtrate as an alternative to chemical disinfectant and its antimicrobial efficacy.

Objective: The study aims to prepare the ash filtrate (AF) from household ashes using an in-house-designed handmade filtration system and to observe the antimicrobial efficacy and sanitizing effects.

Materials And Methods: Household ashes from various plant sources were collected, and AF was prepared through a handmade filtration system after adding water. The pH of stock AF was measured, and 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% AF solutions were prepared by adding distilled water in appropriate proportions to obtain a wide range of pH values.

Immune response and protective efficacy of an experimentally developed inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine in BALB/c mice.

Objectives: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine in BALB/c mice.

Materials And Methods: Mice in group A ( 30) received subcutaneous (s.c.

Formative Research for Adapting the Cholera-Hospital-Based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7) Water Treatment and Hygiene Mobile Health Program for Scalable Delivery in Rural Bangladesh.

The Cholera-Hospital-based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7) mobile health (mHealth) program is a targeted water treatment and hygiene (WASH) program for the household members of diarrhea patients, initiated in the healthcare facility with a single in-person visit and reinforced through weekly voice and text messages for 3 months. A recent randomized controlled trial of the CHoBI7 mHealth program in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh, found that this intervention significantly increased WASH behaviors and reduced diarrhea prevalence. The objective of this present study was to conduct formative research using an implementation science framework to adapt the CHoBI7 mHealth program for scalable implementation in rural Bangladesh, and to promote construction of self-made handwashing stations (CHoBI7 Scale-up program).

Nanomaterial-Based Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and Applications.

The rapid rise of antibiotic resistance has become a global health crisis, necessitating the development of innovative strategies to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Nanomaterials have emerged as promising tools in this fight, offering unique physicochemical properties that enhance antibiotic efficacy, overcome resistance mechanisms, and provide alternative therapeutic approaches. This review explores the diverse nanomaterial-based strategies used to combat antibiotic resistance, focusing on their mechanisms of action and practical applications.

The application of Bayesian forecasting to explore the effects of sex and high-fat diet on the pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine in the rat.

Bayesian forecasting is commonly applied as part of therapeutic drug monitoring to obtain individual estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters in patients. Here its utility was explored in a preclinical study involving ropivacaine, in which sparse blood sampling data was available in the rat. Initially sample-population estimates of parameters were obtained by injecting male cannulated male Sprague-Dawley rats subcutaneously with ropivacaine HCl.

Evaluation of Genes and Molecular Pathways Common between Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Systems Biology Approach.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are complex autoimmune disorders that present unique clinical challenges. These conditions may share underlying genetic and signaling pathways despite their distinct manifestations. Uncovering these commonalities could offer invaluable insights into disease pathogenesis, paving the way for more targeted and effective therapeutic interventions.

Research note: Mite infestations in non-descriptive indigenous chickens in Bangladesh: Present status and pathology.

Non-descriptive, indigenous chickens (NDICs) in Bangladesh are commonly reared in scavenging system. Here, we describe the prevalence and pathological impacts induced by mite infestations in NDICs. We found that 47.

Comprehensive transcriptomics analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in exposure to mustard gas.

Introduction: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a substance that causes blisters and has been repeatedly used by Iraq in chemical warfare against more than 100,000 Iranians. The main issue for these people is various pulmonary problems similar to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Materials And Methods: Our study analyzed the total RNA profile extracted using the RNA-seq technique from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from Mustard Lung (ML) patients of all three groups (Severe, Moderate, and Mild) in terms of disease in healthy control (HC) subjects on the BGISEQ platform (Paired-end, 7 GB data, and rRNA depletion).

Consequences of post-discharge hospitalisation on the growth of young Bangladeshi children hospitalised with diarrhoea: a secondary case-control analysis of Antibiotics for Children with Diarrhea (ABCD) trial.

Background: Due to the scarcity of published data on growth among children with severe diarrhoea requiring readmission during post-discharge follow-up, we aimed to investigate the potential impact of post-discharge readmission at day-90 follow-up on growth in diarrheal children aged 2-23 months.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis using Bangladesh site data from the Antibiotic for Children with Diarrhea (ABCD) trial, a multi-country, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted from July 2017 to July 2019. Children aged 2-23 months who had severe diarrhoea defined as having acute diarrhoea with some/severe dehydration, or severe stunting, or moderate wasting, were admitted to the facility.

Designing of a multiepitope-based vaccine against echinococcosis utilizing the potent Ag5 antigen: Immunoinformatics and simulation approaches.

Echinococcosis is a significant parasitic zoonotic disease with severe implications for human and animal health. To date, there has been no effective vaccine candidate available for echinococcosis. Therefore, we employed computational approaches to develop a multiepitope-based vaccine using the most potent epitopes of MHC-I, MHC-II, and B-cell derived from the Ag5 protein of Echinococcus spp.

Identification and characterization of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA tripartite network of sulfur mustard exposed patients.

Background: Alkylating cellular DNA, sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that causes severe damage to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Exposure can result in painful burns, chronic lung disease, immune system suppression, and an increased chance of developing cancer. The symptoms of itching, redness, and blistering are frequently followed by long-term genetic and psychological damage.

Archival indicator of metal pollution in a tropical monsoon coastal region: Impact on environment and human health.

Ample sediment and bivalves from six distinct sites along Bangladesh's southern coast were employed to assess the pervasiveness of heavy metal contamination and probabilistic human health implications. For the first time, the extent and spatial distributions of seven metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mg, and Cd) were determined, together with the associated risk to human and ecological health, from sediment deposition stations and bivalve dwelling sites along the coast. Fe (680.

Investigating the Effects of Copper Impurity Deposition on the Structure and Electrochemical Behavior of Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst Materials.

Electrolysis of impure water (such as seawater) has recently garnered research interest as it may enable hydrogen production at reduced costs. However, the tendency of impurity ions and other species to degrade electrocatalysts and membranes within an electrolyzer is a serious challenge. Here, we investigate the effects of copper impurities of varying concentrations on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using platinum electrocatalysts.

Evaluation of integrated polysaccharide, biopolymers and clay composite membranes for clarification process of citrus fruit (sweet lime) juice.

This study focuses on the development of an efficient membrane-based clarification process to enhance the performance of subsequent ultrafiltration and produce high-quality sweet lime juice. A range of casting solutions were prepared using a blend of pore-forming polymers, including polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and cellulose acetate (CA), dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent through the phase inversion technique. To further enhance the membrane's performance, four biopolymers poly (lactic acid) (PLA), xanthan gum, chitosan, and gelatin were incorporated, with and without clay, to refine its structure, porosity, and surface properties.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding High Salt Intake and Association With Hypertension Among Rural Women in Chandpur District of Bangladesh.

Background And Aims: The human body requires a relatively little quantity of sodium to transmit nerve impulses, contract and relax muscles, and maintain appropriate water and mineral balance and which is typically added from diets. The study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding high salt intake and their association with hypertension among rural women of a selected community in Chandpur.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was adopted to collect data from 250 households of Chandpur district.

Unveiling the biological activities of Heliotropium indicum L. plant extracts: anti-inflammatory activities, GC-MS analysis, and in-silico molecular docking.

Heliotropium indicum is well-known for its diverse medicinal properties, traditionally utilized to treat ailments such as diabetes, obesity, bacterial infections, inflammation, and diarrhea. This study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of the extract using in vitro methods and to assess its drug-likeness potential using docking, PASS and ADME. Fractionations of crude methanol extract (CME) were undertaken in n-hexane (NHF), chloroform (CHF), and ethyl acetate (EAF).