Green Dialysis From the Indian Perspective: A Systematic Review.

Global warming and climate change represent the most significant threats to humanity in the 21st century, both of which are manmade catastrophes. Addressing climate change requires corrective action across all aspects of modern human life and work, including the medical field. Among healthcare sectors, dialysis units stand out as major contributors to plastic waste and excessive water consumption.

An Eco-Friendly Synthesis Approach for Enhanced Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Properties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Algal Extract.

Background: In the current scenario, the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using environmentally benign methods has gained significant attention due to their facile processes, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendly nature.

Methods: In the present study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized using aqueous extract of  algae as a reducing, stabilizing, and capping agent. The synthesized CuO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

Phyco-synthesis of silver nanoparticles by environmentally safe approach and their applications.

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, mostly because of the evident limitations associated with chemical and physical methods. Green synthesis, commonly referred to as "biogenic synthesis," is seen as an alternative approach to produce AgNPs (silver nanoparticles). The current work focuses on the use of Asterarcys sp.

Optimizing speed breeding and seed/pod chip based genotyping techniques in pigeonpea: A way forward for high throughput line development.

Background: The challenge of pigeonpea breeding lies in its photosensitivity and seasonal specificity. This poses a problem to the breeder, as it restricts to single generation advancement in a year. Currently, the cross to cultivar gap is twelve to thirteen years resulting in a limited number of varietal releases over the past six decades.

algae-mediated copper oxide nanoparticles as a robust and recyclable catalyst for the degradation of noxious dyes from wastewater.

The present article explores the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) utilizing algal extract and examines the effect of various reaction parameters on the size and morphology of the nanoparticles. The samples were thoroughly characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV-vis, FE-SEM, and EDS techniques. The XRD analysis disclosed that the size of the synthesized nanoparticles could be controlled by adjusting the reaction parameters, ranging from 4.

Evaluation of millets for physio-chemical and root morphological traits suitable for resilient farming and nutritional security in Eastern Himalayas.

Introduction: Millets are nutritionally superior and climate-resilient short-duration crops and hold a prominent place in cropping sequences around the world. They have immense potential to grow in a marginal environment due to diverse adaptive mechanisms.

Methods: An experiment was conducted in an organic production system in the North Eastern Himalayan foothills of India for 3 consecutive years by evaluating high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of different millets, viz.

Critical appraisal and systematic review of genes linked with cocaine addiction, depression and anxiety.

Recent lifestyle changes have resulted in tremendous peer pressure and mental stress, and increased the incidences of chronic psychological disorders; like addiction, depression and anxiety (ADA). In this context, the stress-tolerance levels vary amongst individuals and genetic factors play prominent roles. Vulnerable individuals may often be drawn towards drug-addiction to combat stress.

Toxicity evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles to freshwater cyanobacteria Nostoc ellipsosporum.

The extensive usage of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) in commercial and biomedical applications raises the risk of releasing their remains into the aquatic ecosystems and this could possibly cause cytotoxic effects on aquatic organisms. Thus, the toxicity assessment of FeO NPs on cyanobacteria, which are primary producers at the bottom of food chain in aquatic ecosystems, is essential to gain information about the potential ecotoxicological threat on aquatic biota. The present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of FeO NPs on Nostoc ellipsosporum using different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg L) to track the time-dependent and dose-dependent effects and compared with its bulk equivalent.

Genetic approaches for assessment of phosphorus use efficiency in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Production of phosphorus efficient genotypes in groundnut can improve and also reduces environmental pollution. Identification of P-efficient groundnut genotypes is a need of the hour to sustain in P-deficient soils. The pot experiment showed significant differences between genotypes (G) and treatments (T) for all the traits and G × T interaction for majority of traits.

X-ray driven peanut trait estimation: computer vision aided agri-system transformation.

Background: In India, raw peanuts are obtained by aggregators from smallholder farms in the form of whole pods and the price is based on a manual estimation of basic peanut pod and kernel characteristics. These methods of raw produce evaluation are slow and can result in procurement irregularities. The procurement delays combined with the lack of storage facilities lead to fungal contaminations and pose a serious threat to food safety in many regions.

NIR Instruments and Prediction Methods for Rapid Access to Grain Protein Content in Multiple Cereals.

Achieving global goals for sustainable nutrition, health, and wellbeing will depend on delivering enhanced diets to humankind. This will require instantaneous access to information on food-source quality at key points of agri-food systems. Although laboratory analysis and benchtop NIR spectrometers are regularly used to quantify grain quality, these do not suit all end users, for example, stakeholders in decentralized agri-food chains that are typical in emerging economies.

Breeding Drought-Tolerant Pearl Millet Using Conventional and Genomic Approaches: Achievements and Prospects.

Pearl millet [ (L.) R. Br.

Machine Learning-Based Plant Detection Algorithms to Automate Counting Tasks Using 3D Canopy Scans.

This study tested whether machine learning (ML) methods can effectively separate individual plants from complex 3D canopy laser scans as a prerequisite to analyzing particular plant features. For this, we scanned mung bean and chickpea crops with PlantEye (R) laser scanners. Firstly, we segmented the crop canopies from the background in 3D space using the Region Growing Segmentation algorithm.

Transpiration efficiency: insights from comparisons of C4 cereal species.

We have previously reported that there is a tight link between high transpiration efficiency (TE; shoot biomass per unit water transpired) and restriction of transpiration under high vapor pressure deficit (VPD). In this study, we examine other factors affecting TE among major C4 cereals, namely species' differences, soil type, and source-sink relationships. We found that TE in maize (10 genotypes) was higher overall than in pearl millet (10 genotypes), and somewhat higher than in sorghum (16 genotypes).

Comparative Analysis of Marginal Accuracy of Complete Crowns Fabricated by Using Ringless and Metal Ring Investment Systems: An Study.

Aim: To compare the vertical margin accuracy of lost wax castings produced by the conventional casting technique with all metal (WIRONIUM®) and PFM alloy (WIRON®99) using a metal ring and ringless system.

Materials And Methods: A brass die assembly was used to fabricate standardized wax pattern crowns. A total of 100 wax patterns were made with both ringless and metal ring investment systems.

A 3-D Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution on Implant-supported Fixed Prosthesis with Four Different Commercially Available Implant Systems.

Aim: To investigate by the finite element analysis comparison of stress distribution on the cortical and cancellous bone in an implant-supported yttrium tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP FPD) in four different widely used implant systems under different loading conditions.

Materials And Methods: Four 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) models of mandible having different implant systems with dimensions 8.0 mm × 5 mm in the second premolar and molar region were developed.

Maize, sorghum, and pearl millet have highly contrasting species strategies to adapt to water stress and climate change-like conditions.

This study compared maize, sorghum and pearl-millet, leading C cereals, for the transpiration rate (TR) response to increasing atmospheric and soil water stress. The TR response to transiently increasing VPD (0.9-4.

Comparison of Dimensional Accuracy of Stone Models Fabricated by Three Different Impression Techniques Using Two Brands of Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Materials.

Aim: The aim of this study is to check the dimensional precision of stone models made by two different brands of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials using the monophase, one-step, and two-step putty/light-body impression techniques.

Materials And Methods: A metal model, having two crown preparations, was fabricated. With each technique, 40 impressions were made using two types of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials (Aquasil and Virtual).

3D Finite Element Analysis to Assess the Stress Distribution Pattern in Mandibular Implant-supported Overdenture with Different Bar Heights.

Aim: Proper stress distribution on dental implants is necessary in bar-retained implant overlay dentures. The purpose of the study is to comparatively assess the stress distribution pattern on the crestal bone at the bone-implant interface due to different bar heights using finite element models (FEMs).

Materials And Methods: Eight 3D FEMs were developed from mandibular overdentures with two implants in the canine region separated by a distance of 20 mm.

A Radiographic Evaluation of Peri-implant Bone Level in Immediate and Conventionally Loaded Implants Using Flap and Flapless Techniques.

Aim: The purpose of this research is to compare peri-implant bone level in immediate and conventionally loaded implants using flap and flapless techniques.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients were selected and were subjected into four groups. Group A: 10 patients with immediate loading (IL) by raising the flap.

Evaluating the Effect of Different Impression Techniques and Splinting Methods on the Dimensional Accuracy of Multiple Implant Impressions: An in vitro Study.

Aim: This study was done to determine more accurate impression technique and splinting method for multiple implant impressions in edentulous patients.

Materials And Methods: A prefabricated maxillary reference model was taken on which four implants were placed parallel to each other using vertical milling machine. Forty custom trays having different tray designs were fabricated using autopolymeri-zing acrylic resin on the stone cast obtained from the reference model.

Crestal Bone Changes around immediately loaded Single-piece Implants using Flap and Flapless Technique: A Radiographic Study.

Aim: With the trend shifting toward the minimally invasive surgeries in implant surgery, the flapless technique of implant placement is gaining popularity among the implantologists. This study was done to assess the crestal bone loss level in flap and flapless surgery at follow-up periods of 0, 1, and 3 months.

Materials And Methods: Patients presenting with missing teeth requiring dental implants for rehabilitation were included in the study.

Limited-transpiration response to high vapor pressure deficit in crop species.

Water deficit under nearly all field conditions is the major constraint on plant yields. Other than empirical observations, very little progress has been made in developing crop plants in which specific physiological traits for drought are expressed. As a consequence, there was little known about under what conditions and to what extent drought impacts crop yield.

Functionalized ionic liquid-assisted chromatography-free synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.

A chromatography-free synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes has been developed using sulfonic acid and sulfonyl hydrazine-functionalized ionic liquids as catalyst and scavenger, respectively. The employed excess aldehyde for completion of the reaction was scavenged by sulfonyl hydrazine-functionalized ionic liquid. Purification of products without column chromatography, ease of monitoring and shorter reaction time are the salient features of the developed protocol.