Evaluation of Non-Cross Linked Xeno-Free Hyaluronic Acid Solutions as Visco Elastic Biomaterials.

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring biodegradable, high molecular weight, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polymer known for its excellent biocompatibility. HA-based products are widely used as viscosupplements, dermal fillers, and ophthalmic lubricants in clinical settings. Although animal and bacterial-derived HA are commonly reported, plant-sourced HA is not frequently reported.

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Flowable Hyaluronic Acid-Acellular Stromal Vascular Fraction (HA-aSVF) Mixture for Tissue Engineering Applications.

Background: The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is an aqueous fraction isolated from the adipose tissue that constitutes different kinds of cells and extracellular matrix components. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide in vertebrate tissues and is considered a potential tissue engineering scaffold due to its biocompatible nature. In this study, we have evaluated the cytotoxicity of xenofree HA in combination with an acellular component of adipose SVF (HA-aSVF) to propose it as a candidate biomaterial for future applications.

A Novel Minimal Access Technique for Removal of Impacted Third Molars using Lasers - SMAL Technique.

Postoperative complications following third molar removal may interfere with the daily activities of patients, such as mastication, speech, and sleep. Various novel methods have been developed to reduce this postoperative discomfort, but these have their own advantages and disadvantages. This novel technique, Sunil's minimal access laser (SMAL) technique, aims to minimize the postoperative swelling and pain and improve healing by combining minimal access incision by using a diode laser.

Utility of Chitra-HASi Granules in Cystic Defects of the Maxillofacial Region: A Pilot Study.

Background: Cystic defects that are critical sized or larger require bone replacement strategies. However, due to inherent disadvantages of the various types of grafts, none of the available materials are best suited for these defects. Among the alloplastic materials, hydroxyapatite (HA)-based grafts are the most popular, due to their osteoconductive nature and resemblance to mineral bone.

Reconstruction of Craniofacial Bone Defects with Autologous Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Autogenous Bone Grafts: A Case Report with Review of Literature.

Reconstruction of craniofacial bony defects has always been a challenging task for the surgeons over the years. The science of reconstructing such defects is of at most importance to craniofacial and plastic surgeons due to its relevance in facial aesthetics function as well as prerequisite procedure for continuing other surgical procedures. The main goal of the reconstruction of the craniofacial defects is to reduce the morbidity by restoring the facial form and aesthetics, as well as a good function of the facial structures by achieving a reasonable occlusion and articulation.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide along with Proton Pump Inhibitor against .

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, alone, and in combination with calcium hydroxide against , a star survivor in endodontic pathology.

Materials And Methods: Teeth were inoculated with strains MTCC 439 and were divided into groups. Group 1 used saline as the negative control, Group 2 used calcium hydroxide, Group 3 used pantoprazole alone, and Group 4 used calcium hydroxide along with pantoprazole.

Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Neuroregeneration.

Neurological diseases and injuries affect the routine life of patients. Current medical and surgical treatment has not improved the quality of life to desired limits. Neural regeneration through stem cells may be ideal choice in current scenario.

Exosomes in the Oral and Maxillofacial Region.

Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles, released from different tissues in a living individual. By virtue of their ability to be released from both the normal and diseased individual, they play an inevitable role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspect of a disease. With this background, the untapped role of exosomes in the field of oral and maxillofacial region is unveiled.

Regenerative Capacity of Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: The dental pulp contains undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, blood vessels and so on, which are responsible for routine functions of a tooth. The determination of stemness and regenerative properties using biomarkers and further application in routine practice may unravel its potential.

Materials And Methods: original research articles published in English, from 2000 to 2019, were collected both manually and by electronic search from databases of Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and PubMed.

Ultrastructural Changes of Collagen in Different Histopathological Grades of Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Background And Objectives: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder and a crippling condition of oral mucosa. It is usually seen in adults with areca nut chewing habit, which is characterized by changes in the connective tissue fibers leading to stiffness of the mucosa and restricted mouth opening. Patients with severe cases have distinct difficulties in chewing, swallowing, and speaking.

Estimation of Serum Cortisol Levels in Oral Lichen Planus Patients with Electrochemiluminescence.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the serum cortisol level in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients with normal healthy individuals and to compare the serum cortisol level in patients with erosive and nonerosive forms of OLP.

Materials And Methods: A case-control study involving 60 patients within the age group of 20-50 years was carried out. Group A included 15 subjects with nonerosive lichen planus, without skin involvement; Group B included 15 subjects with erosive lichen planus, without skin; and Group C included 30 subjects with no apparent lesions of the oral mucosa and the skin.

Comparison of Efficacy of Lycopene and Lycopene-Hyaluronidase Combination in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic progressively scarring disease of the oral cavity. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant obtained from tomatoes and has the highest singlet oxygen quenching capacity and a high capacity of quenching other free radicals among dietary carotenoids. Hyaluronidase is a substance prepared from the testes and semen of mammals that modifies the permeability of connective tissue through the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid.

Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Periodontal Regeneration: A Review.

Platelet concentrates (PCs; platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin) are autologous bioactive substances that have found varied application in medical and dental fields, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and sports medicine. The rationale of these technologies is to extract all the elements from patient's own blood sample, which could be used to improve healing by promoting tissue regeneration. PCs have evolved a long way since its introduction in 1954.

Immunotherapy in Oral Cancer.

Immunotherapy is one of the newer entities which is promising, at least can be very much helpful as an adjuvant therapy. This newer modality of the treatment in the field of cancer treatment may be the fourth pillar supporting surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Careful selection of patient is the key for success of immunotherapy, which is based on patient's immunological contexture.

Induced pluripotent stem cells in dentistry.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), a path-breaking invention, have revolutionized the regenerative medicine field. The biggest advantage of this technology is its patient-specific nature and so it is nonimmunogenic. It involves autologous tissues with limitless source of cells throughout life.

Immunohistochemical Detection of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75-NTR) in Follicular and Plexiform Ameloblastoma.

Introduction: Ameloblastoma holds a unique position among benign tumours by its locally destructive and invasive nature. Recently improvised molecular techniques helped researchers to unravel the myth behind such biologic behaviour. Though interesting findings have been delivered, the rhythmic correlation regarding the exact mechanism still remains lacking.

Minor Salivary Gland Changes in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Histopathological Study.

Introduction: The most common etiology for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is tobacco and tobacco related products which cause nuclear damage to the keratinocytes. The chemical carcinogens not only affect the lining of oral epithelium but also affect the lining epithelium of the excretory ducts of the salivary glands. Thus, there is a possibility of epithelial dysplasia of the salivary duct epithelium which may lead to potential malignant transformation.

Evaluation of ploidy status using DNA-image cytometry of exfoliated mucosal cells in oral lichen planus.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) with a malignancy rate of 0.2-2%. Aneuploidy is considered to be one of the important markers for malignant transformation and DNA-image cytometry (DIC) has been successfully employed in oral mucosal PMDs and also in tumors of the cervix, lung and biliary tract.

Nifedipine-induced gingival enlargement: Correlation with dose and oral hygiene.

Gingival enlargement is a common finding in a routine dental practice. Though it has many etiological factors, enlargement due to drugs which are administered to treat the systemic problems is of major concern which needs attention. Here, we present a case of nifedipine-induced gingival enlargement and discuss the reason for the enlargement.