Publications by authors named "Sunil Kumar"

Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease affecting more than 882 million people in 44 countries of the world. A multi-epitope prophylactic/therapeutic vaccination targeting filarial defense proteins would be invaluable to achieve the current LF elimination goal.

Method: Two groups of proteins, namely Anti-oxidant (AO) and Heat shock proteins (HSPs), have been implicated in the effective survival of the filarial parasites in their hosts.

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a significant swine disease with no effective vaccine due to high viral mutation rates. This study investigates a natural PRRS outbreak through molecular, pathological, and serological analyses. Nineteen affected pigs were clinically examined, and 10 underwent post-mortem examination.

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Objective: High disease activity status (HDAS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with adverse long-term outcomes. We examined the frequency of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and remission (REM) attainment in HDAS patients and whether their attainment was associated with improved patient outcomes.

Methods: Demographic, clinical and outcomes data, collected prospectively from a multinational cohort between 2013 and 2020, were analysed.

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Anxiety is a widespread psychological disorder affecting both humans and animals. It is a typical stress reaction; however, its longer persistence can cause severe health disorders affecting the day-to-day life activities of individuals. An intriguing facet of the anxiety-related disorder can be addressed better by investigating the role of neurotransmitters in regulating emotions, provoking anxiety, analyzing the cross-talks between neurotransmitters, and, most importantly, identifying the biomarkers of the anxiety.

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Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze trends in prostate cancer incidence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 via data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in South Asia. Additionally, the study projects future prostate cancer incidence rates up to 2031 to inform public health interventions in South Asia.

Methods: Data covering South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan were obtained from the GBD 2021 portal.

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Contemporary research evidence has corroborated a gradual loss of central cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This progressive deterioration leads to cognitive dysfunction and impaired motor activity, culminating in the brain cell's death in the disease. The approved drugs for AD treatment can only offer relief from symptoms without addressing the underlying pathological hallmarks of the disease.

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Diabetes mellitus is considered one of the major worldwide health emergencies of the twenty-first century. This work described development, synthesis, and characterization of new (Z)-2-(2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-ethoxyphenyl-alkyl/aryl-sulfonates. Compounds 7j and 7m were shown to be the most potent among the newly developed (Z)-2-(2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-ethoxyphenyl-alkyl/aryl-sulfonates after in vitro testing for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Open dumping remains a major method of municipal solid waste disposal, especially in developing countries like India, leading to significant environmental degradation and health risks.
  • - The study conducted at Bhandewadi Dumpsite in Nagpur assessed soil and groundwater contamination, finding elevated levels of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, and Pb within a 2 km radius due to leachate from the dumpsite.
  • - Results highlight the urgent need for improved waste management strategies and policy measures to prevent environmental pollution and manage metal migration effectively.
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Purpose: Orbital cellulitis is an acute post-septal orbital infection caused mostly by bacteria. This may result in serious complications including blindness, meningitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, brain abscess, and even death. The delay in treatment increases morbidity and mortality.

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The squash species has been historically utilized by both animals and humans as a food source. It is an annual dicotyledonous vegetable known for its health benefits, including reducing the risk of various diseases, such as cancer, high blood pressure, diabetes, intestinal disorders, and atherosclerosis, in humans. However, the cultivation of this valuable crop is often challenged by diseases such as powdery mildew (PM), caused by the fungus .

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A bioactive film was developed using cricket (Acheta domestica) protein (Cric-Prot) and Caralluma fimbriata extract-based nanoparticles [Car-Fim-NPs (0.0, 1.0, 2.

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10X Visium, a popular Spatial transcriptomics (ST) method, faces limited adoption due to its high cost and restricted sample usage per slide. To address these issues, we propose Microarray Integrated Spatial Transcriptomics (MIST), combining conventional tissue microarray (TMA) with Visium, using laser-cutting and 3D printing to enhance slide throughput. Our design facilitates independent replication and customization in individual labs to suit specific experimental needs.

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Rosemary shrub/plant and Sericin have been documented to show antioxdative properties, however their role in improving post thaw semen quality has not been well established. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Rosemary leaves extract and Sericin protein on post-thaw quality of Pantja buck semen. In the first experiment, 32 ejaculates were collected from 4 sexually mature Pantja bucks and pooled to form 8 pooled samples.

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Article Synopsis
  • Gene fusions, important mutations in cancer, are under-researched in India, despite rising cancer cases.
  • This study analyzed RNA-exome data from 1,392 Indian cancer patients to identify and validate gene fusions using advanced tools and methods.
  • Findings revealed a high prevalence of FGFR fusions and 91 novel potential driver fusions, highlighting their significance as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets across various cancer types.
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Motivated by the pivotal role of routing in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the prevalent security vulnerabilities arising from existing protocols, this research tackles the inherent challenges of securing WSNs. Many current WSN routing protocols prioritize computational efficiency but lack robust security measures, making them susceptible to exploitation by malicious actors. The prevalence of reactive protocols, chosen for their lower bandwidth consumption, exacerbates security concerns, as proactive alternatives require more resources for maintaining network routes.

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A 64-year-old male with left vocal cord paresis and lung cancer underwent left-sided thyroplasty, followed by chemotherapy. He developed a laryngocutaneous fistula due to silicone block extrusion. The fistula was successfully repaired using a Deltopectoral flap.

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The study using cross-sectional data collected from 300 dairy farmers has analyzed the factors affecting adoption of improved forage technologies and its impact on milk yield and feed sufficiency in central region. We used inverse-propensity-weighting regression adjustment (IPWRA) method as main technique for impact evaluation and checked the robustness of the results using matching methods. Our findings suggest that education status, adult cattle unit, animal breed type, off-farm income activities, farm size, and access to training and market significantly influence adoption of improved forage technologies and practices.

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The documented work highlighted the synthesis of bis(benzotriazol-1-yl) methane derivatives using silicomolybdic acid (SMA) and successfully implemented in the stereoselective synthesis of diverse pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one and pyridyl isoindolinones derivatives in one-pot. The pyridinamide precursor with diverse alkynes furnished Z-selectivity of pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one across exocyclic C=C bond while the various benzamides on treating with 2-ethynyl pyridine afforded (E)-pyridylisoindoline-1-ones as a major isomer. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction provides strong evidence in favor of the existence and orientation of developed compounds.

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The sunflower crop is one of the most pro sources of vegetable oil globally. It is cultivated all around the world including Haryana, in India. However, its mapping is limited due to the requirement of huge computation power, large data storage capacity, small farm holdings, and information gap on appropriate algorithms and spectral band combinations.

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Background: The burden of over 300 million individuals living with hypertension in India is increasing steadily. Most current guidelines recommend initial combination therapy for effective blood pressure (BP) control. However, there is no randomised evidence to inform which combinations to use in the South Asian population, who account for over one-quarter of the world's population.

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Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are representative of eosinophilic invasion of various sections of the gastrointestinal tract and do not pertain to any secondary causes. To affirm the diagnosis of eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, tissue biopsy evidence must be demonstrated. Both iron deficiency anemia and gastritis symptoms may be brought on by mucosal eosinophilic infiltration.

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Changes in charge variant profile are known to affect mAb stability and vice versa. This report elucidates the effects of magnesium metal (0.5 mM Mg) on trastuzumab (IgG1 antibody).

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