Genetics, genomics, and breeding of black gram [ (L.) Hepper].

Black gram [ (L.) Hepper] is a highly nutritious grain legume crop, mainly grown in South and Southeast Asia, with the largest area in India, where the crop is challenged by several biotic and abiotic stresses leading to significant yield losses. Improving genetic gains to increase on-farm yields is the primary goal of black gram breeding programs.

Genetic approaches for assessment of phosphorus use efficiency in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

Production of phosphorus efficient genotypes in groundnut can improve and also reduces environmental pollution. Identification of P-efficient groundnut genotypes is a need of the hour to sustain in P-deficient soils. The pot experiment showed significant differences between genotypes (G) and treatments (T) for all the traits and G × T interaction for majority of traits.

Assessment of the genetic diversity and population structure of groundnut germplasm collections using phenotypic traits and SNP markers: Implications for drought tolerance breeding.

Profiling the genetic composition and relationships among groundnut germplasm collections is essential for the breeding of new cultivars. The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic diversity and population structure among 100 improved groundnut genotypes using agronomic traits and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The genotypes were evaluated for agronomic traits and drought tolerance at the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)/India across two seasons.

Genome-based trait prediction in multi- environment breeding trials in groundnut.

Comparative assessment identified naïve interaction model, and naïve and informed interaction GS models suitable for achieving higher prediction accuracy in groundnut keeping in mind the high genotype × environment interaction for complex traits. Genomic selection (GS) can be an efficient and cost-effective breeding approach which captures both small- and large-effect genetic factors and therefore promises to achieve higher genetic gains for complex traits such as yield and oil content in groundnut. A training population was constituted with 340 elite lines followed by genotyping with 58 K 'Axiom_Arachis' SNP array and phenotyping for key agronomic traits at three locations in India.

Combining High Oleic Acid Trait and Resistance to Late Leaf Spot and Rust Diseases in Groundnut ( L.).

High oleic trait, resistance to rust and late leaf spot (LLS) are important breeding objectives in groundnut. Rust and LLS cause significant economic loss, and high oleic trait is an industry preferred trait that enhances economic returns. This study reports marker-assisted selection to introgress high oleic content, resistance to LLS and rust into Kadiri 6 (K 6), a popular cultivar.

Genotype × Environment Studies on Resistance to Late Leaf Spot and Rust in Genomic Selection Training Population of Peanut ( L.).

Foliar fungal diseases especially late leaf spot (LLS) and rust are the important production constraints across the peanut growing regions of the world. A set of 340 diverse peanut genotypes that includes accessions from gene bank of International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), elite breeding lines from the breeding program, and popular cultivars were screened for LLS and rust resistance and yield traits across three locations in India under natural and artificial disease epiphytotic conditions. The study revealed significant variation among the genotypes for LLS and rust resistance at different environments.

Interaction of flavonols with human serum albumin: a biophysical study showing structure-activity relationship and enhancement when coated on silver nanoparticles.

Binding affinities of flavonols namely quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol to human serum albumin (HSA) were determined fluorimetrically and the order was observed to be myricetin > quercetin > kaempferol demonstrating structure-activity relationship. Quercetin-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show higher binding affinity to HSA compared to free quercetin with binding constants 6.04 × 10 M and 4.

Correlation of Vitamin D3 Levels and SCORAD Index in Atopic Dermatits: A Case Control Study.

Introduction: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory condition characterized clinically by pruritus and eczematous lesions. An inverse relationship has been suggested between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and severity of atopic dermatitis.

Aim: We carried out this controlled cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between the serum vitamin D levels and SCORAD index.