A comprehensive review on influence of millet processing on carbohydrate-digesting enzyme inhibitors and implications for diabetes management.

Millets, often overlooked as food crops, have regained potential as promising stable food sources of bioactive compounds to regulate blood sugar levels in the diabetic populace. This comprehensive review delves into various millet varieties, processing methods, and extraction techniques aimed at isolating bioactive compounds. The review elucidates the inhibitory effects of millet-derived bioactive compounds on key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

High-intensity ultrasound modification of techno-functional and structural properties of white finger millet protein fractions.

In this study, albumin, globulin, and glutelin were extracted from white finger millet, and their amino acid content, functional and structural properties were investigated. The protein concentration of albumin, globulin, and glutelin were 76.01%, 74.

Engineering human immune organoids for translational immunology.

Animal models have been extensively used as a gold standard in various biological research, including immunological studies. Despite high availability and ease of handling procedure, they inadequately represent complex interactions and unique cellular properties in humans due to inter-species genetic and microenvironmental differences which have resulted in clinical-stage failures. Organoid technology has gained enormous attention as they provide sophisticated insights about tissue architecture and functionality in miniaturized organs.

Sea cucumber significance: Drying techniques and India's comprehensive status.

Sea cucumbers, members of the echinoderm class Holothuroidea, are marine invertebrates with ecological significance and substantial commercial value. With approximately 1700 species, these organisms contribute to marine ecosystems through nutrient cycling and face various threats, including overfishing and habitat loss. Despite their importance, they are extensively exploited for diverse applications, from seafood to pharmaceuticals.

Cyanoacrylate vs. sutures in clean and clean-contaminated surgical wounds - a randomised control study.

Objectives: Various techniques of closure of surgical incisions have been described ranging from various suture materials, staples and tapes to adhesive compounds. Cyanoacrylate is an adhesive compound available for surgical incision closure. Although sutures have been the preferred universal choice for surgical incision closure, glue is gaining popularity in specific places like pediatric injuries, facial injuries, laparoscopic incision closure, etc.

Development of a Nanoparticle System for Controlled Release in Bioprinted Respiratory Scaffolds.

The use of nanoparticle systems for the controlled release of growth factors is a promising approach to mimicking of the biochemical environment of native tissues in tissue engineering. However, sustaining growth factor release inside an appropriate therapeutic window is a challenge, particularly in bioprinted scaffolds. In this study, a chitosan-coated alginate-based nanoparticle system loaded with hepatocyte growth factor was developed and then incorporated into bioprinted scaffolds.

MARCH8 downregulation modulates profibrotic responses including myofibroblast differentiation.

Interstitial lung diseases can result in poor patient outcomes, especially in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a severe interstitial lung disease with unknown causes. The lack of treatment options requires further understanding of the pathological process/mediators. Membrane-associated RING-CH 8 (MARCH8) has been implicated in immune function regulation and inflammation, however, its role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis and particularly the fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT) remains a gap in existing knowledge.

White finger millet starch: Hydrothermal and microwave modification and its characterisation.

White finger millet (WFM) starch was modified by hydrothermal (HS) and microwave (MS) methods. Modification methods had a significant change in the b* value observed in the HS sample, and it caused the higher chroma (∆C) value. The treatments have not significantly changed the chemical composition and water activity (a) of native starch (NS) but reduced the pH value.

Thermal properties of different types of starch: A review.

Starch is present in high amount in various cereals, fruits and roots & tubers which finds major application in industry. Commercially, starch is rarely consumed or processed in its native form, thus modification of starch is widely used method for increasing its application and process stability. Due to the high demand for starch in industrial applications, researchers were driven to hunt for new sources of starch, including modification of starch through green processing.

Pineapple processing waste (PPW): bioactive compounds, their extraction, and utilisation: a review.

Fruits and vegetable processing industries contribute to the largest portion of food waste. With changing diet habits, the demand for the production and processing of fruits and vegetables has increased greatly to fulfil the rising demand amongst the masses. Waste generation begins from the harvesting of raw material until it gets processed.

Mycochemical profile and health-promoting effects of morel mushroom Morchella esculenta (L.) - A review.

Mushrooms have been well known for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine for their medicinal properties. Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.

Effect of the different chromatic filters of the dental operating microscope on the volumetric shrinkage, surface hardness, and depth of cure of bulk fill composite.

Aim: Evaluate the effect of different chromatic filters of the dental operating microscope on the volumetric shrinkage, surface micro-hardness, and depth of cure of bulk-fill composite.

Methods: Bulk fill composite specimens of 4 mm depth, 4 mm width, and 4 mm length were prepared. Five groups were designed based on a light source under which composite samples were condensed.

DOCK2 contributes to pulmonary fibrosis by promoting lung fibroblast to myofibroblast transition.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common chronic interstitial lung disease and is characterized by progressive scarring of the lung. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays an essential role in IPF and drives fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT). Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) is known to regulate diverse immune functions by activating Rac and has been recently implicated in pleural fibrosis.

Effect of autoclaving on the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium rotary instruments: An study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of autoclaving on the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) in respect to three different rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems.

Methods: Three rotary NiTi files with different manufacturing process were selected and arranged into three groups. Group 1: Neolix Neoniti files ( = 15), Group 2: Edge Files ( = 15), Group 3: NeoendoFlex files ( = 15).

PD-L1 mediates lung fibroblast to myofibroblast transition through Smad3 and β-catenin signaling pathways.

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint protein that has been linked with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT). However, it remains largely unclear how PD-L1 mediates this process. We found significantly increased PD-L1 in the lungs of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and mice with pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and TGF-β.

Effect of process parameters of microwave-assisted hot air drying on characteristics of fried black gram papad.

Papad is a crunchy wafer-like snack food consumed all over India and other Asian countries. Traditionally, sun-drying requires more drying time and reduces less moisture from papad, which absorbs more oil during frying. The current study was carried out using microwave-assisted hot air drying (MAHD) to reduce fried papad oil content.

Obesity and the Development of Lung Fibrosis.

Obesity is an epidemic worldwide and the obese people suffer from a range of respiratory complications including fibrotic changes in the lung. The influence of obesity on the lung is multi-factorial, which is related to both mechanical injury and various inflammatory mediators produced by excessive adipose tissues, and infiltrated immune cells. Adiposity causes increased production of inflammatory mediators, for example, cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines, both locally and in the systemic circulation, thereby rendering susceptibility to respiratory diseases, and altered responses.

White Finger Millet (KMR-340): A comparative study to determine the effect of processing and their characterisation.

The white finger millet (WFM) KMR-340 flour: native (untreated), roasted (120 °C, 5 min) and germinated (30 ± 3 °C, 48 hrs) were characterised (nutritional, functional, thermal, pasting and rheological properties, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR). Germination significantly increased the protein, fibre, calcium, magnesium and antioxidant activity (14.66%) whereas decreased total ash, carbohydrate and fat.

Antidiabetic with antilipidemic and antioxidant effects of flindersine by enhanced glucose uptake through GLUT4 translocation and PPARγ agonism in type 2 diabetic rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Medicinal plants have been used by the people of developing countries to treat various diseases. WHO also recommends the use of medicines from plants source. In that, diabetes also one of the diseases that have been treated traditionally by several people all over the world.

Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) Deficiency Attenuates Lung Injury Associated with Chronic High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Obesity.

Obesity is a major risk factor for lung disease development. However, little is known about the impact of chronic high-fat and high-fructose (HFHF) diet-induced obesity on lung inflammation and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis. Herein we hypothesized that dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) promotes a proinflammatory phenotype of lung fibroblasts (LFs) to elicit lung injury and fibrosis in chronic HFHF diet-induced obesity.

DOCK2 Promotes Pleural Fibrosis by Modulating Mesothelial to Mesenchymal Transition.

Mesothelial to mesenchymal transition (MesoMT) is one of the crucial mechanisms underlying pleural fibrosis, which results in restrictive lung disease. DOCK2 (dedicator of cytokinesis 2) plays important roles in immune functions; however, its role in pleural fibrosis, particularly MesoMT, remains unknown. We found that amounts of DOCK2 and the MesoMT marker α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) were significantly elevated and colocalized in the thickened pleura of patients with nonspecific pleuritis, suggesting the involvement of DOCK2 in the pathogenesis of MesoMT and pleural fibrosis.

Partially defatted tomato seed flour as a fat replacer: effect on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of millet-based cookies.

Abstract: Fat is an essential component for cookies structure and sensory attributes, but there is a necessity to replace or mimic fat in order to prevent lifestyle diseases. Hence, this study investigated the effect of industrial by-product, i.e.

Antifatigue effects of Hechong (Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus) through modulation of Nrf2/ARE- mediated antioxidant signaling pathway.

This study was to evaluate the antifatigue effect of T. heterochaetus and explore the underlying mechanism of action. T.