Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease Using Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Small-Breed Dogs: A Retrospective Pilot Study.

Multiple diagnostic modalities are urgently needed to identify early-stage kidney diseases. Various molecules have been investigated; however, most studies have focused on identifying specific biomarkers in urine. Considering that assessing the symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) plasma concentration is more suitable as an early diagnostic test for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in routine veterinary practice, we aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) and plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (pKIM-1) concentrations for CKD detection in small-breed dogs.

Oat ( L.) Sprouts Restore Skin Barrier Function by Modulating the Expression of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex in Models of Skin Irritation.

Oats ( L.) are used as therapeutic plants, particularly in dermatology. Despite numerous studies on their skin moisturization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation effects, the precise molecular mechanisms of these effects are only partially understood.

Potential of Aligned Electrospun PLGA/SIS Blended Nanofibrous Membrane for Tendon Tissue Engineering.

Tendons are responsible for transmitting mechanical forces from muscles to bones for body locomotion and joint stability. However, tendons are frequently damaged with high mechanical forces. Various methods have been utilized for repairing damaged tendons, including sutures, soft tissue anchors, and biological grafts.

Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Severe Anemia in a Dog.

An 11-year-old castrated male Shih Tzu was referred for lethargy and melena. The hematocrit level was 18.8% (normal range: 36-56%), indicating severe anemia.

Humeral Aneurysmal Bone Cyst in a Cat with Sequential Computed Tomographic Findings.

A 7-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented with a swollen right forelimb and mild lameness. On physical examination, the mass was palpable in the right humeral region, and the cat exhibited pain on palpation. Radiography revealed an expansile osteolytic lesion at the proximal end of the right humerus.

Multiple Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma) with Extradural Involvement in a 7-Year-Old Labrador Retriever.

A 7-year-old castrated male Labrador retriever was referred for evaluation of progressive hind limb paresis of 4 weeks' duration. On computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examination, masses were found in several regions including the lung, right kidney, and peritoneum. Additionally, an extradural mass at the region of T13-L1 was identified, which is assumed to related to the chief complaint, progressive hind limb paresis.

Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog.

A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Up-regulation of MicroRNAs-21 and -223 in a Sprague-Dawley Rat Model of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

In this experimental animal study, we examined alterations in the degree of transcription of two microRNAs (miRs)-miR-21 and -223-in a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Depending on the volume of the balloon catheter (V), a total of 75 male SD rats were divided into the three experimental groups: the sham group ( = 25; V = 0 μL), the mild group ( = 25; V = 20 μL), and the severe group ( = 25; V = 50 μL). Successful induction of TSCI was confirmed on both locomotor rating scale at 4 h and 1, 3 and 7 days post-lesion and histopathologic examinations.

Primary intrapelvic hemangiosarcoma in a dog.

A 12-year-old, spayed female Schnauzer presented with constipation. A mass was observed in the pelvic cavity, and metastasis was not identified. Mass resection was performed through celiotomy with pubic osteotomy, and hemangiosarcoma was diagnosed.

Changes of the Cytoplasmic Proteome in Response to Alcoholic Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

Proteomic analyses have already been used in a number of hepatological studies and provide important information. However, few reports have focused on changes in the cytoplasmic proteome. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate changes in cytoplasmic proteome of rats in response to alcoholic hepatotoxicity.

Primary lymphoma of the uterine horn in a Lhasa Apso dog.

Primary lymphomas of the canine female genital tract are uncommon tumours. A 9-year-old intact female Lhasa Apso dog presenting with a closed pyometra underwent an ovariohysterectomy (OHE), and the hyperplastic uterine horn along with multiple follicular cysts on the right ovary was examined by histological analysis. Severe infiltration of medium-sized lymphocytes with strong positive immunoreactivity for CD79a and numerous anaplastic features was detected in the unilateral uterine horn, and the dog was diagnosed as having extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL).

Effect of Rubus coreanus extracts on diabetic osteoporosis by simultaneous regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus has been known to be associated with a high risk of osteoporosis. Rubus coreanus Miquel, a traditional Asian herbal medicine, has various uses, such as antiobesity and antiosteoporosis treatment, among others. We investigated the effect of R.

Tracheal replacement with fresh and cryopreserved aortic allograft in adult dog.

Background: Many reports have described tracheal replacement using aortic allografts, with varying results and minimal understanding of the mechanism of tracheal regeneration. The present study attempted tracheal regeneration in adult dogs using fresh aortic allografts (FAA) and cryopreserved aortic allografts (CAA).

Materials And Methods: Twelve adult beagles underwent tracheal resection and were transplanted with FAA (n = 5) or CAA (n = 7).

The protective effect of ENA Actimineral resource A on CCl4-induced liver injury in rats.

ENA Actimineral Resource A (ENA-A) is alkaline water that is composed of refined edible cuttlefish bone and two different species of seaweed, Phymatolithon calcareum and Lithothamnion corallioides. In the present study, ENA-A was investigated as an antioxidant to protect against CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver injury was induced by either subacute or chronic CCl(4) administration, and the rats had free access to tap water mixed with 0% (control group) or 10% (v/v) ENA-A for 5 or 8 weeks.

Activation of MAP kinases during progression of radiation-induced pneumonitis in rats.

Radiation-induced pneumonitis is closely associated with the interplay of various stress-activated signals and immune responses related to the progression of lung injury. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways play critical roles in the progression of inflammation via a cellular damage. Here, we examined the regional distribution of phosphorylated MAP kinases (p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38) in the progression of pneumonitis after exposure of a single dose irradiation with 10 Gy for 0, 4, and 8 weeks in rats.

Isolation and characterization of avian metapneumovirus from chickens in Korea.

Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes upper respiratory tract infections in chickens and turkeys. Although the swollen head syndrome (SHS) associated with aMPV in chickens has been reported in Korea since 1992, this is the study isolating aMPV from chickens in this country. We examined 780 oropharyngeal swab or nasal turbinate samples collected from 130 chicken flocks to investigate the prevalence of aMPV and to isolate aMPV from chickens from 2004-2008.

Helicobacter pylori promotes hepatic fibrosis in the animal model.

Helicobacter pylori infection has been reported to be very common in patients with chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis. To elucidate the pathological effect of H. pylori infection on the progression of hepatic fibrosis, C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats were orally inoculated with H.

Inhibition of radiation-induced apoptosis via overexpression of SMP30 in Smad3-knockout mice liver.

Apoptosis occurs early after irradiation and may be a good indicator of radiation damages. Since elevated levels of TGF-beta are associated with radiation-induced inflammation, the null mice of Smad3, a key downstream mediator of TGF-beta, show accelerated healing of irradiated injury. In order to evaluate resistance to radiation-induced liver injuries in Smad3-null mice, we determined the occurrence of apoptosis and the expression of senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), as an anti-apoptotic marker, after irradiation to the liver.

Primary biliary cirrhosis, similar to that in human beings, in a male C57BL/6 mouse infected with Helicobacter pylori.

We report a case of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) that occurred in a 24-month-old male C57BL/6 mouse infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Microscopically, the portal tract in the liver showed nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis with variable cytologic distortion of the epithelial cells and peribiliary lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.

Macrophages, myofibroblasts and mast cells in a rat liver infected with Capillaria hepatica.

We trapped a rat (Rattus norvegicus) infected with Capillaria hepatica. At necropsy, grossly yellowish-white nodules (2-3 mm in diameter) were noted to be scattered on the liver's surface. Microscopically, granulomatous and fibrotic nodules that contained the eggs and/or adult worms of Capillaria hepatica were detected in the liver.

Hepatoprotective effect of Arazyme on CCl4-induced acute hepatic injury in SMP30 knock-out mice.

Arazyme is a novel protease produced by the HY-3 strain of Aranicola proteolyticus, which is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium that has been isolated from the intestine of the spider Nephila clavata. This study focused on the hepatoprotective effect of Arazyme on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatic injury in senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) knock-out (KO) mice and SMP30 wild-type (WT) mice. WT mice and SMP30 KO mice were divided into eight groups as follows: (i) two negative control groups (G1, G5) which were treated with a single intraperitoneal (i.

Differential regulation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinases in VacA-induced apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells.

Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) has been considered as an apoptosis-inducing factor. Here, we investigated the mechanism of VacA-induced apoptosis in relation to the defense mechanism and MAP kinases pathway in gastric epithelial cells. AGS cells exposed to enriched VacA extracts affected the level of SOD-1 and villin.

Cytotoxic effects of the conjugated linoleic acid isomers t10c12, c9t11-CLA and mixed form on rat hepatic stellate cells and CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis.

Rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC-T6) were incubated for 24 h with 10-180 microM of t10c12 (98%), c9t11 (96%) and a mixed form (c9,t11:t10,c12; 41%:44%) of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The MTS dye reduction was measured to verify cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Among the three CLAs, c9,t11-CLA exhibited the most intense cytotoxic effect on HSCs, the survival rate of which was reduced to 60% under 80 microM of treatment, while cell survival was slightly affected by the mixed form.

Acute effects of fast neutron irradiation on mouse liver.

Until now, the multiple biological effects of ionizing radiation on liver have been reported. However, there has not been any reports of fast neutron-mediated liver injuries including liver regeneration or fibrosis. Here, we described the biological effects of acute fast neutron irradiation on the liver.