Evaluation of unfractionated heparin therapy for venous thromboembolism using adjusted body weight in elderly or higher weight patients.

The use of weight-based unfractionated heparin (UFH) infusions is the standard of care in hospital management of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Initial dosing strategies for UFH in older adults and higher body weight patients remain uncertain given differences in pharmacokinetics and concerns for over-anticoagulation. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, pre-post study involving older adults aged ≥ 65 years and patients weighing ≥ 100 kg with suspected or confirmed VTE to determine if the use of adjusted body weight (AdjBW)-based UFH regimens improves time to therapeutic anti-Xa levels compared to total body weight (TBW)-based regimens Patients received weight-based UFH infusions, dosed according to either TBW or AdjBW, to target a therapeutic anti-Xa level.

The Potentiality of Natural Products and Herbal Medicine as Novel Medications for Parkinson's Disease: A Promising Therapeutic Approach.

As the global population ages, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is steadily on the rise. PD demonstrates chronic and progressive characteristics, and many cases can transition into dementia. This increases societal and economic burdens, emphasizing the need to find effective treatments.

The Design, Fabrication, and Evaluation of a Phase-Resolved Partial Discharge Sensor Embedded in a MV-Class Bushing.

This paper proposes a novel phase-resolved partial discharge (PRPD) sensor embedded in a MV-class bushing for high-accuracy insulation analysis. The design, fabrication, and evaluation of a PRPD sensor embedded in a MV-class bushing aimed to achieve the detection of partial discharge (PD) pulses that are phase-synchronized with the applied primary HV signal. A prototype PRPD sensor was composed of a flexible printed circuit board (PCB) with dual-sensing electrodes, utilizing a capacitive voltage divider (CVD) for voltage measurement, the D-dot principle for PD detection, and a signal transducer with passive elements.

Variation in follow-up for children born very preterm in Europe.

Background: Children born very preterm (<32 weeks of gestation) face high risks of neurodevelopmental and health difficulties compared with children born at term. Follow-up after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit is essential to ensure early detection and intervention, but data on policy approaches are sparse.

Methods: We investigated the characteristics of follow-up policy and programmes in 11 European countries from 2011 to 2022 using healthcare informant questionnaires and the published/grey literature.

The versatility of the proteasome in gene expression and silencing: Unraveling proteolytic and non-proteolytic functions.

The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle and a 19S regulatory particle and critically regulates gene expression and silencing through both proteolytic and non-proteolytic functions. The 20S core particle mediates proteolysis, while the 19S regulatory particle performs non-proteolytic functions. The proteasome plays a role in regulating gene expression in euchromatin by modifying histones, activating transcription, initiating and terminating transcription, mRNA export, and maintaining transcriptome integrity.

Blast Resistance Capacities of Structural Panels Subjected to Shock-Tube Testing with ANFO Explosive.

This study presents a series of shock-tube tests conducted on structural panels using ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) as the explosive. The characteristics of the blast waves propagating through the shock tube were analyzed by measuring the pressure generated at specific locations inside the shock tube. The extent of differences in blast pressure generated in a confined space, such as the shock tube, was compared to that predicted by the proposed method in the Unified Facilities Criteria 3-340-02 report.

Systematic Review of the Psychometric Performance of Generic Childhood Multi-attribute Utility Instruments.

Background: Childhood multi-attribute utility instruments (MAUIs) can be used to measure health utilities in children (aged ≤ 18 years) for economic evaluation. Systematic review methods can generate a psychometric evidence base that informs their selection for application. Previous reviews focused on limited sets of MAUIs and psychometric properties, and only on evidence from studies that directly aimed to conduct psychometric assessments.

Systematic review of economic evaluations of varicella vaccination programmes.

Objectives: This study carried out a systematic literature review of economic evaluations of varicella vaccination programmes from the earliest publication to the present day, including programmes in the workplace and in special risk groups as well as universal childhood vaccination and catch up programmes.

Methods: Articles published from 1985 until 2022 were sourced from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, NHSEED and Econlit. Eligible economic evaluations, which included posters and conference abstracts, were identified by two reviewers who scrutinised each other's selections at both title and abstract and full report stages.

MicroRNA-dependent inhibition of WEE1 controls cancer stem-like characteristics and malignant behavior in ovarian cancer.

Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have been suggested to be responsible for chemoresistance and tumor recurrence owing to their self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential. Although WEE1 is a strong candidate target for anticancer therapies, its role in ovarian CSCs is yet to be elucidated. Here, we show that WEE1 plays a key role in regulating CSC properties and tumor resistance to carboplatin via a microRNA-dependent mechanism.

Comb-type polymer-hybridized MXene nanosheets dispersible in arbitrary polar, nonpolar, and ionic solvents.

Solution-based processing of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials is highly desirable, especially for the low-temperature large-area fabrication of flexible multifunctional devices. MXenes, an emerging family of 2D materials composed of transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, or nitrides, provide excellent electrical and electrochemical properties through aqueous processing. Here, we further expand the horizon of MXene processing by introducing a polymeric superdispersant for MXene nanosheets.

Early Positive Approaches to Support (E-PAtS) for Families of Young Children With Intellectual Disability: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.

Parents of children with intellectual disabilities are likely to experience poorer mental well-being and face challenges accessing support. Early Positive Approaches to Support (E-PAtS) is a group-based programme, co-produced with parents and professionals, based on existing research evidence and a developmental systems approach to support parental mental well-being. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of community service provider organisations delivering E-PAtS to parents/family caregivers of young children with intellectual disability, to inform a potential definitive randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of E-PAtS.

Complex Permittivity Measurements of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Using a Free-Space Reflection Method with a Focused Beam Lens Horn Antenna.

To measure the electromagnetic properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) in the X-band, 1-port measurements were performed using a lens horn antenna in a free-space measurement system. Free-space 1-port calibration with translations of the position of the reflector regarding the characteristics of the focused beam lens horn antenna was applied. The intrinsic impedance and complex permittivity of the SFRC were obtained from the measured reflection characteristics.

Fabrication of Electrospun NiZnFeO Nanofibers Using Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Precursors and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance Improvement.

NiZnFeO nanofibers with an average diameter of 133.56 ± 12.73 nm were fabricated by electrospinning and calcination.

Introducing an Integrated Model of Adults' Wearable Activity Tracker Use and Obesity Information-Seeking Behaviors From a National Quota Sample Survey.

Background: Research from multiple perspectives to investigate adults' use of wearable activity-tracking devices is limited. We offer a multiperspective model and provide empirical evidence of what leads to frequent usage of wearable health technologies from a large, nationally representative survey sample.

Objective: This study aims to explore factors affecting the use of wearable activity-tracking devices among health consumers from the perspectives of individual health beliefs (perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy) and information-seeking behaviors.

Fabrication and Photocatalytic Properties of Electrospun Fe-Doped TiO Nanofibers Using Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Precursors.

For the removal of pollutants, a modified TiO photocatalyst is attracting attention. Fe-doped TiO nanofibers were prepared through a combination of electrospinning and calcination. Morphological characterization of the sample was conducted using field-emission scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy.

Cesium Removal from Nonexpandable Illite Clay by Chloride Salt Treatment.

Extracting cesium (Cs) from nonexpandable illite clay is important in the remediation of radioactive Cs-contaminated soil. In this study, we investigated a chloride salt treatment technique for the removal of Cs from illite. Cs-loaded illite samples with initial Cs concentrations of 2430 and 690 ppm were treated using a NaCl-MgCl-CaCl ternary salt system at 400-850 °C under ambient pressure to suppress Cs loss by vaporization.

Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models for the Analysis of Clinical Trial-Based Cost-Effectiveness Data.

Economic evaluations conducted alongside randomized controlled trials are a popular vehicle for generating high-quality evidence on the incremental cost-effectiveness of competing health care interventions. Typically, in these studies, resource use (and by extension, economic costs) and clinical (or preference-based health) outcomes data are collected prospectively for trial participants to estimate the joint distribution of incremental costs and incremental benefits associated with the intervention. In this article, we extend the generalized linear mixed-model framework to enable simultaneous modeling of multiple outcomes of mixed data types, such as those typically encountered in trial-based economic evaluations, taking into account correlation of outcomes due to repeated measurements on the same individual and other clustering effects.

Residual Tensile Properties and Explosive Spalling of High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Exposed to Thermal Damage.

This study examined the effect of adding synthetic fibers, that is, polypropylene (PP) and nylon (Ny), on explosive spalling and residual tensile mechanical properties of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs). Three different matrix strengths (100 MPa, 140 MPa, and 180 MPa), four different volume contents of the synthetic fibers (0%, 0.2%, 0.

Comparison between Pin Fixation and Combined Screw Fixation in Proximal Chevron Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Deformity Correction.

Background: Problems associated with hallux valgus deformity correction using Kirschner-wire (K-wire) fixation include pin pullout and loss of stability. These complications are pronounced in the osteopenic bone, and few reports have focused on pin versus screw fixation. We examined the use of additional screw fixation to avoid these problems.

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in preterm infants (REACT): an international, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia are common in preterm infants and have been associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Interventions to reduce risk associated with these exposures are particularly challenging due to the infrequent measurement of blood glucose concentrations, with the potential of causing more harm instead of improving outcomes for these infants. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is widely used in adults and children with diabetes to improve glucose control, but has not been approved for use in neonates.

Cost-effectiveness of real time continuous glucose monitoring to target glucose control in preterm infants.

The optimal management of glucose levels in critical care remains an area for research due to the problems of balancing the risks of hyperglycemia versus hypoglycemia. This paper reports the first economic evaluation of real time continuous glucose monitoring to guide the clinical management of preterm infants, based on evidence from the REACT trial. Bivariate regression of costs (£, 2016-17 prices) and cases of adequate glucose control, with multiple imputation of missing data, was conducted.