Identification and Clinical Characteristics of Community-Acquired in Patients Hospitalized for Moderate or Severe COVID-19 in Peru.

has been described as a cause of serious community-acquired infections in tropical countries. Currently, its implications when simultaneously identified with other pathogens are not yet adequately understood. A descriptive study was conducted on hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of moderate/severe SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia confirmed via real-time RT-PCR.

Administering Antibiotics for Less Than Four Weeks Increases the Risk of Relapse in Culture-Positive Septic Arthritis of Native Joints.

(1) Objectives: This study investigated the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy and determined the risk factors associated with relapse in patients with culture-proven septic arthritis of native joints. (2) Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with native joint septic arthritis, with bacteria isolated from joints and/or blood. The exclusion criteria were prosthetic joint infections and cases with no identified microorganisms.

Safety and Effectiveness of Regdanvimab for COVID-19 Treatment: A Phase 4 Post-marketing Surveillance Study Conducted in South Korea.

Introduction: Regdanvimab, a neutralising monoclonal antibody (mAb) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), received approval for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South Korea in 2021. The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in South Korea mandate that new medications be re-examined for safety and effectiveness post-approval in at least 3000 individuals. This post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was used to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of regdanvimab in real-world clinical care.

Dysregulated thrombospondin 1 and miRNA-29a-3p in severe COVID-19.

Although nearly a fifth of symptomatic COVID-19 patients suffers from severe pulmonary inflammation, the mechanism of developing severe illness is not yet fully understood. To identify significantly altered genes in severe COVID-19, we generated messenger RNA and micro-RNA profiling data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from five COVID-19 patients (2 severe and 3 mild patients) and three healthy controls (HC). For further evaluation, two publicly available RNA-Seq datasets (GSE157103 and GSE152418) and one single-cell RNA-Seq dataset (GSE174072) were employed.

Machine-learning algorithms for asthma, COPD, and lung cancer risk assessment using circulating microbial extracellular vesicle data and their application to assess dietary effects.

Although mounting evidence suggests that the microbiome has a tremendous influence on intractable disease, the relationship between circulating microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs) and respiratory disease remains unexplored. Here, we developed predictive diagnostic models for COPD, asthma, and lung cancer by applying machine learning to microbial EV metagenomes isolated from patient serum and coded by their accumulated taxonomic hierarchy. All models demonstrated high predictive strength with mean AUC values ranging from 0.

Antibody response to second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in the first 12 weeks in South Korea: A prospective longitudinal study.

Objectives: To characterise the antibody response for 12 weeks following second dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in hospital workers of a Korean general hospital.

Methods: We measured the level of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) anti-receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) and neutralising antibodies every week in the first 4 weeks, and at weeks 8 and 12 following the second dose of vaccination in 71 hospital workers.

Results: The initial median level of anti-RBD and neutralising antibodies were 3898.

Identification of Coinfections by Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Peru: Molecular Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics.

The impact of respiratory coinfections in COVID-19 is still not well understood despite the growing evidence that consider coinfections greater than expected. A total of 295 patients older than 18 years of age, hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of moderate/severe pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 infection (according to definitions established by the Ministry of Health of Peru) were enrolled during the study period. A coinfection with one or more respiratory pathogens was detected in 154 (52.

Bacteria-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Urine as a Novel Biomarker for Gastric Cancer: Integration of Liquid Biopsy and Metagenome Analysis.

Early detection is crucial for improving the prognosis of gastric cancer, but there are no non-invasive markers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer in real clinical settings. Recently, bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerged as new biomarker resources. We aimed to evaluate the microbial composition in gastric cancer using bacteria-derived EVs and to build a diagnostic prediction model for gastric cancer with the metagenome data.

Experimental and Mathematical Optimization of a Pooling Test for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a Population with Low Viral Load.

Background: A pooling test is a useful tool for mass screening of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the pandemic era. We aimed to optimize a simple two-step pooling test by estimating the optimal pool size using experimental and mathematical validation.

Materials And Methods: Experimental pools were created by mixing one positive respiratory sample with various numbers of negative samples.

Leptospirosis in febrile patients with suspected diagnosis of dengue fever.

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis among febrile patients with a suspicious clinical diagnosis of dengue fever in northern Peru.

Results: A total of 276 serum samples from patients with acute febrile illness (AFI) and suspected diagnosis for dengue virus (DENV) were analyzed. We identified an etiological agent in 121 (47.

Brain tumor diagnostic model and dietary effect based on extracellular vesicle microbiome data in serum.

The human microbiome has been recently associated with human health and disease. Brain tumors (BTs) are a particularly difficult condition to directly link to the microbiome, as microorganisms cannot generally cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, some nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from microorganisms can cross the BBB and enter the brain.

Coxsackievirus A6-induced Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Mimicking Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in an Immunocompetent Adult.

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious viral infection, occurs more common in children than in adults. However, there was a recent outbreak of Coxsackievirus A6-induced infection with an atypical presentation among the adult population. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe mucocutaneous disease characterized by extensive necrosis and detachment of the epidermis, and this condition is commonly caused by medications.

Colorectal cancer diagnostic model utilizing metagenomic and metabolomic data of stool microbial extracellular vesicles.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type cancers in the world. CRC occurs sporadically in the majority of cases, indicating the predominant cause of the disease are environmental factors. Diet-induced changes in gut-microbiome are recently supposed to contribute on epidemics of CRC.

Development of a colorectal cancer diagnostic model and dietary risk assessment through gut microbiome analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common form of cancer and poses a critical public health threat due to the global spread of westernized diets high in meat, cholesterol, and fat. Although the link between diet and colorectal cancer has been well established, the mediating role of the gut microbiota remains elusive. In this study, we sought to elucidate the connection between the gut microbiota, diet, and CRC through metagenomic analysis of bacteria isolated from the stool of CRC (n = 89) and healthy (n = 161) subjects.

16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis reveals differences in bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles in the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant women.

Recent evidence has indicated that bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important for host-microbe communication. The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether bacteria-derived EVs are excreted via the urinary tract and to compare the composition of bacteria-derived EVs in the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Seventy-three non-pregnant and seventy-four pregnant women were enrolled from Dankook University and Ewha Womans University hospitals.