Enhancing energy and nitrogen removal efficiency through automatic split injection and innovative aeration device: A study of low C/N ratio environments.

A new aeration device based on Bernoulli's principle, Jetventrumixer (JVM), was introduced into an aeration tank in denitrification process, which involved an automatic split injection system (ASIS) into two denitrification tanks every 10 minutes. Real-time monitoring of influent water allowed the calculation of the C/N ratio, enhancing the utilization efficiency of internal carbon sources while reducing the need for external carbon. The comparison of the JVM with the conventional air diffuser for 100 days operation showed that the removal efficiency for NH-N in both systems was approximately 98 %, but the nitrification efficiencies were 84 % and 80 %, respectively.

A randomized phase II study of secondary cytoreductive surgery in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer who have progressed on a PARP inhibitor as first-line maintenance therapy: the SOCCER-P study (KGOG 3067/JGOG 3036/APGOT-OV11).

Background: Although two recent phase III randomized controlled trials showed survival benefits of undergoing secondary cytoreductive surgery for an initial relapse of ovarian cancer, patients who received a poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) as the first-line maintenance treatment, which is currently the standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer, were not included in those trials. Therefore, determining an optimal treatment strategy, including secondary cytoreductive surgery, in patients whose cancer progresses even with PARPi treatment, is needed.

Primary Objective: To determine whether secondary cytoreductive surgery is beneficial in patients who have progressed on PARPi maintenance treatment.

A survey of species and ADON genotype on Canadian wheat grain.

Introduction: Wheat is a staple food that is important to global food security, but in epidemic years, fungal pathogens can threaten production, quality, and safety of wheat grain. Globally, one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat is Fusarium head blight (FHB). This disease can be caused by several different species with known differences in aggressiveness and mycotoxin-production potential, with the trichothecene toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives being of particular concern.

Corrigendum: A survey of species and ADON genotype on Canadian wheat grain.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.

A study of cyanobacterial bloom monitoring using unmanned aerial vehicles, spectral indices, and image processing techniques.

Last 5 years, the deterioration of water quality caused by algal bloom has emerged as a serious issue in Korea. The method of on-site water sampling to check algal bloom and cyanobacteria is problematic by only partially measuring the site and not fully representing the field, while at the same time, consuming a lot of time and manpower to complete it. In this study, the different spectral indices reflecting the spectral characteristics of photosynthetic pigments were compared.

New machine learning-based automatic high-throughput video tracking system for assessing water toxicity using Daphnia Magna locomotory responses.

Daphnia magna is an important organism in ecotoxicity studies because it is sensitive to toxic substances and easy to culture in laboratory conditions. Its locomotory responses as a biomarker are highlighted in many studies. Over the last several years, multiple high-throughput video tracking systems have been developed to measure the locomotory responses of Daphnia magna.

Application of jetventurimixer for developing low-energy-demand and highly efficient aeration process of wastewater treatment.

In biological wastewater treatment, the oxygen supply in an aeration tank is the most important factor for removing organic pollutants, but it takes a large amount of electricity to generate the oxygen supply required. The Jetventurimixer (JVM) is a device that applies Bernoulli's principle, and the difference in flow rate pressure through the impeller is generated by the rotational force. Due to this physical mechanism, this device can supply oxygen in the atmosphere to the bioreactor without additional power.

Synthesis of (+)-ribostamycin by catalytic, enantioselective hydroamination of benzene.

Aminoglycosides (AGs) represent a large group of pseudoglycoside natural products, in which several different sugar moieties are harnessed to an aminocyclitol core. AGs constitute a major class of antibiotics that target the prokaryotic ribosome of many problematic pathogens. Hundreds of AGs have been isolated to date, with 1,3-diaminocyclohexanetriol, known as 2-deoxystreptamine (2-DOS), being the most abundant aglycon core.

Pyrolytic Remediation and Ecotoxicity Assessment of Fuel-Oil-Contaminated Soil.

Oil-contaminated soil is a major societal problem for humans and the environment. In this study, the pyrolysis method was applied to oil-contaminated soil used as a landfill and gas station site in Korea. The removal efficiency of the main components of oil-contaminated soils, such as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), unresolved complex mixture (UCM), and alkylated PAHs (Alk-PAHs) were measured, and the effect of temperature, treatment time, and moisture content on pyrolysis efficiency was studied.

Increasing the Efficiency of Canola and Soybean GMO Detection and Quantification Using Multiplex Droplet Digital PCR.

The number of genetically modified (GM) events for canola, maize, and soybean has been steadily increasing. Real-time PCR is widely used for the detection and quantification of individual GM events. Digital PCR (dPCR) has also been used for absolute quantification of GM events.

A phase IA dose-escalation study of PHI-101, a new checkpoint kinase 2 inhibitor, for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.

Background: PHI-101 is an orally available, selective checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) inhibitor. PHI-101 has shown anti-tumour activity in ovarian cancer cell lines and impaired DNA repair pathways in preclinical experiments. Furthermore, the in vivo study suggests the synergistic effect of PHI-101 through combination with PARP inhibitors for ovarian cancer treatment.

Comparative performance of various human papillomavirus assays available in Korea for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or higher lesions among available human papillomavirus infection (HPV) genotyping tests in Korea.

Methods: Eligible patients visited 13 tertiary hospitals for colposcopic biopsy following cervical cytology and HPV genotyping test between January and December 2018. Baseline characteristics including age, body mass index (BMI), and parity were collected from 3798 patients.

Lymphedema in Endometrial Cancer Survivor: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. Treatment-related lymphedema negatively affects the quality of life and function of patients. This study investigated the cumulative incidence and risk factors of, and utilization of health care resources for, lymphedema in patients with endometrial cancer.

Fe(III)-doped activated biochar sorbents trigger mitochondrial dysfunction with oxidative stress on Daphnia magna.

This study investigates the ecotoxicological effects of the synthesized Fe(III)-doped activated biochar (FeAB) sorbents using Daphnia magna and elucidates the underline mechanism of potential oxidative stress that may be induced by the sorbent. The EC50 value was determined to be 68.8 mg L.

Sequential biowashing-biopile processes for remediation of crude oil contaminated soil in Kuwait.

The application of biological processes for remediation of the aged crude oil-contaminated soil of Kuwait can be an inefficient way, thus, this study developed 20 d-sequential biowashing and biopile processes where the biowashing step uses an enrichment culture of the indigenous soil bacterial community and the biopile step includes hemoglobin-catalyzed oxidation (HCO). The residual total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentrations and CO generation were measured to determine the removal efficiency, and the bacterial community changes were studied to investigate the effect of the sequential processes on the soil indigenous bacterial community. The enrichment culture grown on hemoglobin showed an increased surface activity, and this promoted desorption and emulsification of crude oil from the soil sample in the biowashing step resulting in 75% TPH removal.

QSAR study using acute toxicity of Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca through exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are organic chemicals consisting of a small number of benzene rings. PAHs are exposed to the environment by events such as Crude oil spills, even though they are substances present in the environment. Exposure of PAHs to the environment will affect not only the environment, but also the living organisms and the ecosystem as a whole.

A study on the evaluation of water-bloom using image processing.

This study utilized remote sensing techniques using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with an attached multispectral sensor to monitor the Nakdong River. In this study, chlorophyll-a, an indicator of water quality and the normalization difference vegetation index (NDVI), which indicates the vitality of plant growth was employed. NDVI images were generated using georeferenced and Orthomosaic images.

Clinical factors that affect diagnostic discrepancy between colposcopically directed biopsies and loop electrosurgical excision procedure conization of the uterine cervix.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors affecting pathologic discrepancy and final diagnosis between colposcopic biopsy and pathology by loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).

Methods: Between 2004 and 2016, 1,200 patients who underwent LEEP were enrolled for this study. 667 underwent cervical cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) test, colposcopic biopsy, and LEEP.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis in Asymptomatic Individuals in Korea.

This study investigated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis isolated from asymptomatic individuals in Korea. Endocervical swabs from women and urine from men, from a total of 5,781 asymptomatic individuals, were analyzed using a Mycoplasma IST2 Kit.

Toxicity identification and evaluation for the effluent from a nonmetallic mineral mining facility in Korea using D. magna.

Industrial wastewater has attracted increasing attention in recent years because of its impact on ecosystems and human health. Whole-effluent tests are generally used to monitor toxicities of unknown chemicals and conventional pollutants from industrial effluent discharges. This study described identification evaluation (TIE) procedures to determine the acute toxicity of a nonmetallic mineral mining facility effluent that was toxic to Daphnia magna.

Total Syntheses of Arcyriaflavin A and Calothrixin B Using 2,2'-Bisindole-3-acetic Acid Derivative as a Common Intermediate.

A new protocol for the synthesis of 2,2'-bisindole-3-acetic acid derivatives from aldimines derived from 2-aminocinnamic acid derivatives and indole-2-carboxaldehyde was developed via a cyanide-catalyzed imino-Stetter reaction. With this protocol, the divergent total syntheses of arcyriaflavin A, a representative indolocarbazole natural product, and calothrixin B, a representative indolo[3,2-j]phenanthridine natural product, were completed using a 2,2'-bisindole-3-acetic acid derivative as the common intermediate.

Factors associated with participation in cervical cancer screening among young Koreans: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Despite the possibility of early detection of cervical cancer, participation in screening programmes among young Koreans is low. We sought to identify associations between risk factors and participation in screening for cervical cancer among young Koreans.

Design: Nationwide cross-sectional study.

Analysis of Sequence Variation and Risk Association of Human Papillomavirus 52 Variants Circulating in Korea.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) 52 is a carcinogenic, high-risk genotype frequently detected in cervical cancer cases from East Asia, including Korea.

Materials And Methods: Sequences of HPV52 detected in 91 cervical samples collected from women attending Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were analyzed.

Identification of differentially-expressed genes by DNA methylation in cervical cancer.

To identify novel cervical cancer-related genes that are regulated by DNA methylation, integrated analyses of genome-wide DNA methylation and RNA expression profiles were performed using the normal and tumor regions of tissues from four patients; two with cervical cancer and two with pre-invasive cancer. The present study identified 19 novel cervical cancer-related genes showing differential RNA expression by DNA methylation. A number of the identified genes were novel cervical cancer-related genes and their differential expression was confirmed in a publicly available database.