Ten-Year Trends of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Korean Pediatric Cancer from the National Health Insurance Claims Data.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the current application and survival trends of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) among Korean children and adolescents with cancer.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients aged < 20 years with KCD-10 (Korean Classifications of Diseases, 10th revision) C codes and specific designation codes were collected from the National Health Insurance Service database. Thirty claim codes for HSCT were included, and data from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed.

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of children and adolescents with aggressive mature B-cell lymphoma: a single-center analysis.

Background: Aggressive mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children. The outcome of chemotherapy for B-NHL has improved over decades.

Methods: We reviewed 82 children and adolescents with B-NHL diagnosed at Asan Medical Center between 1993 and 2020.

Case Report: Mevalonic Aciduria Complicated by Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Mevalonic aciduria (MA) is the most severe clinical subtype of mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) caused by an inherited defect in the mevalonate pathway. The treatment of MKD focuses on the suppression of recurrent hyperinflammatory attacks using anti-inflammatory drugs. Recently, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) was shown to successfully ameliorate autoinflammatory attacks in patients with MKD.

Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and targeted therapy options in Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is the most common histiocytic disorder caused by the clonal expansion of myeloid precursors that differentiate into CD1a+/CD207+ cells in the lesion. Advances in genomic sequencing techniques have improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of LCH. Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a key molecular mechanism involved in the development of LCH.

Long-term treatment outcomes of children and adolescents with lymphoblastic lymphoma treated with various regimens: a single-center analysis.

Background: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is the second most common subtype of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Modified treatments derived from the LSA2-L2 regimen resulted in encouraging survival, but toxicities and long-term sequelae have been problematic. At present, the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-type protocol has demonstrated efficacy in LBL.

The association between Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization and symptomatic infection in children in Korea where ST72 is the major genotype: A prospective observational study.

This study was performed to investigate the concordance in terms of molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility between colonizing and clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from children in Korea, where ST72 is the major genotype.This was a prospective observational descriptive study of culture-confirmed S aureus infections obtained from children ≤18 years old admitted to Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital in Seoul, Korea, from March 2014 to April 2015. Molecular studies including multilocus sequence typing (MLST), SCCmec typing, polymerase chain reaction amplification of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on S aureus isolates obtained from nares and clinical specimens.

Recent change in congenital syphilis in Korea: Retrospective 10 year study.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate recent clinical and anthropologic features of neonates with reactive serology for syphilis and their mothers from three institutions in Korea over an 11-year-period.

Method: The medical records of 20 neonates with reactive serology for syphilis and their mothers at three centers (Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, and Korea Electric Power Corporation Hospital) seen between January 2000 and December 2010 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Among 20 mothers, 16 (80%) were native Korean and four (20%) were foreign-born immigrants.

Cognitive function in childhood epilepsy: importance of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background And Purpose: To determine how cognitive function is related to epilepsy classification and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy of genetic or unknown etiology.

Methods: The medical records of children aged 6-16 years with newly diagnosed epilepsy of genetic or unknown etiology were reviewed retrospectively. The Korean Education Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and the Comprehensive Attention Test were used to evaluate intelligence and attention/executive function, respectively.

Rapid fecal cytokeratin-19 test and fecal occult blood test in screening for gastrointestinal diseases.

To evaluate the screening power of the fecal cytokeratin-19 test (CK-19) and the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), we performed rapid fecal CK-19 and FOBT tests on 515 stool samples from patients with various GI diseases and 814 stool samples from control patients. The rapid fecal CK-19 test (developed by DiNonA Research Institute, Seoul, Korea) is based on gold immunochromatography and has a sensitivity of 1 ng/ml. The positive rate of the FOBT was 2.