PDTR: Probabilistic and Deterministic Tree-based Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks.

This paper proposed a "Probabilistic and Deterministic Tree-based Routing for WSNs (PDTR)". The PDTR builds a tree from the leaves to the head (sink), according to the best elements in the initial probabilistic routing table, measured by the product of hops-count distribution, and transmission distance distribution, to select the best tree-paths. Each sender node forwards the received data to the next hop via the deterministic built tree.

Pessimistically biased perception in panic disorder during risk learning.

Background: Despite the well-known association between anxiety and risk-avoidant decision making, it is unclear how pathological anxiety biases risk learning. We propose a Bayesian inference model with bias parameters of prior, learning, and perception during risk learning in individuals with pathological anxiety.

Methods: Patients with panic disorder (PD, n = 40) and healthy control subjects (n = 84) completed the balloon analog risk task (BART).

Development of Recombinant Immunoglobulin G-Binding Luciferase-Based Signal Amplifiers in Immunoassays.

In general immunoassays, secondary antibodies are covalently linked with enzymes and bind to the Fc region of target-bound primary antibodies to amplify signals of low-abundant target molecules. The antibodies themselves are obtained from large mammals and are further modified with enzymes. In this study, we developed novel recombinant immunoglobulin G (IgG)-binding luciferase-based signal amplifiers (rILSAs) by genetically fusing luciferase (Nluc) with antimouse IgG1 nanobody (MG1Nb) and antibody-binding domain (ABD), individually or together, in a mix-and-match manner.

var. Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury and TNF-α-Stimulated NCI-H292 Cells.

var. (SP) is traditionally used as an herbal remedy to treat fever, malaria, and emesis. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of SP leaves in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model.

Ten-year trends in the incidence, treatment and outcomes of patients with mitral stenosis in Korea.

Objective: Mitral stenosis increases the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke. Large data underlying the trend in incidence, treatment and outcomes of mitral stenosis are lacking.

Methods: Based on the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database in Republic of Korea, patients who were diagnosed with mitral stenosis between 2007 and 2016 were enrolled.

Clinical Usefulness of Computational Modeling-Guided Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Updated Outcome of Multicenter Randomized Study.

Objective: Catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is still challenging, no optimal extra-pulmonary vein lesion set is known. We previously reported the clinical feasibility of computational modeling-guided AF catheter ablation.

Methods: We randomly assigned 118 patients with persistent AF (77.

Integrative Deep Learning for Identifying Differentially Expressed (DE) Biomarkers.

As a large amount of genetic data are accumulated, an effective analytical method and a significant interpretation are required. Recently, various methods of machine learning have emerged to process genetic data. In addition, machine learning analysis tools using statistical models have been proposed.

Application of silver-assisted laser desorption ionization ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry for the speciation of sulfur compounds.

We herein report the optimization and application of silver cationization (Ag) in combination with laser desorption ionization (LDI) ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (UHR-MS) to determine the structures of the sulfur-containing compounds present in heavy crude oil. A number of sulfur-containing model compounds were used to optimize the positive-ion mode LDI-MS conditions in the presence of a silver-complexing agent. Under the optimized LDI conditions, sulfur-rich heavy oil fractions were treated with the silver salt, where Ag coordinated with the sulfur atoms to speciate the sulfur species.

Do Rotation and Measurement Methods Affect Reliability of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tunnel Position on 3D Reconstructed Computed Tomography?

Background: The literature has seldom investigated the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tunnel position while considering the effect of rotation of 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) images during measurements.

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that (1) measurement of the ACL tunnel position in the femur and tibia through use of 3D-CT is considerably influenced by rotation of the 3D model and (2) there exists a reliable measurement method for ACL tunnel position least affected by rotation.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

The effect of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy on the patellofemoral joint: comparative analysis according to the preexisting cartilage status.

Background: Although it has been known that medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) would adversely affect the patellofemoral joint, no previous study examined the surgical outcome of MOWHTO according to the preexisting cartilage status of the patellofemoral joint. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of MOWHTO on the patellofemoral joint with regard to objective and subjective aspects according to the preexisting cartilage status.

Methods: Ninety-two patients who underwent MOWHTO and a following second-look arthroscopic assessment were included in this study.

The anterolateral ligament is a secondary stabilizer in the knee joint: A validated computational model of the biomechanical effects of a deficient anterior cruciate ligament and anterolateral ligament on knee joint kinematics.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of the anterolateral ligament (ALL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), or both ALL and ACL on kinematics under dynamic loading conditions using dynamic simulation subject-specific knee models.

Methods: Five subject-specific musculoskeletal models were validated with computationally predicted muscle activation, electromyography data, and previous experimental data to analyze effects of the ALL and ACL on knee kinematics under gait and squat loading conditions.

Results: Anterior translation (AT) significantly increased with deficiency of the ACL, ALL, or both structures under gait cycle loading.

Three-dimensional cartilage tissue regeneration system harnessing goblet-shaped microwells containing biocompatible hydrogel.

Differentiation of stem cells into chondrocytes has been studied for the engineering of cartilage tissue. However, stem cells cultured two-dimensionally have limited ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, which led to the development of three-dimensional culture systems. A recently developed microtechnological method uses microwells as a tool to form uniformly sized spheroids.

4-Hydroxycinnamic acid suppresses airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin challenge.

In this study, we investigated whether 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HA) has a palliative effect on asthmatic inflammatory responses using a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. The mice were divided into five groups, each consisting of seven females (normal control phosphate-buffered saline); OVA (OVA sensitization/challenge); dexamethasone (DEX, OVA sensitization/challenge + dexamethasone 3 mg/kg); HA-10 and HA-20 OVA sensitization/challenge + HA 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). Mice treated with HA showed a reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness and in the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared with asthmatic control.

Random lasing and amplified spontaneous emission from silk inverse opals: Optical gain enhancement via protein scatterers.

Gain amplification and coherent lasing lines through random lasing (RL) can be produced by a random distribution of scatterers in a gain medium. If these amplified light sources can be seamlessly integrated into biological systems, they can have useful bio-optical applications, such as highly accurate sensing and high-resolution imaging. In this paper, a fully biocompatible light source showing RL and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with a reduced threshold is reported.

Joint power allocation and orientation for uniform illuminance in indoor visible light communication.

In this paper, we propose a technique called joint power allocation and orientation of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to improve the illuminance quality of an indoor visible light communication (VLC) system. The optimization problem for LEDs, considering power allocation coefficients and normal vectors, is solved through an iterative algorithm. The simulation results with various LED geometries show that the proposed scheme can achieve a lower received power variance and a higher quality factor compared to previous power allocation schemes.

Isolation of Crude Oil Peaks Differing by / ∼0.1 via Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer.

Mass spectrometry is widely used in studying the structures of compounds present in crude oil. In this study, a novel mass spectrometer incorporating a cyclic ion mobility separator was used to obtain tandem mass spectra of crude oil compounds in a narrow mass-to-charge ratio ( window. Isolation of specific peaks was performed by combining quadrupole and ion mobility separation.

Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides a large suite of online resources for biological information and data, including the GenBank® nucleic acid sequence database and the PubMed database of citations and abstracts published in life science journals. The Entrez system provides search and retrieval operations for most of these data from 35 distinct databases. The E-utilities serve as the programming interface for the Entrez system.

The Effect of Cartilage Lesion in the Lateral Compartment of the Knee on the Surgical Outcome of Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of cartilage lesion in the lateral compartment of the knee on the surgical outcome of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). A total of 172 consecutive patients who underwent MOWHTO were evaluated retrospectively. Among the patients who underwent second-look arthroscopic assessment, 30 patients with lateral compartment cartilage lesion (group 1: ≥ grade 2 cartilage lesion according to the International Cartilage Repair Society [ICRS] grading system) and 64 patients with normal or near-normal lateral compartment cartilage (group 2: grade 0 or 1 cartilage lesion according to the ICRS grading system) were included in the analysis.

Elucidating molecular level impact of peat fire on soil organic matter by laser desorption ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

In this work, laser desorption ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LDI-FTICRMS) was used to investigate the molecular composition of a peat fire and laboratory heated soil organic matter (SOM). SOM isolated from soils obtained from unburned and burned sites at Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, were analyzed with LDI-FTICRMS. About 7500 peaks were found and assigned with molecular formulas for each mass spectrum.

Polyurethane-carbon microfiber composite coating for electrical heating of concrete pavement surfaces.

Electrically-heated pavements have attracted attention as alternatives to the traditional ice/snow removal practices. Electrically conductive polymer-carbon composite coatings provide promising properties for this application. Based on the concept of joule heating, the conductive composite can be utilized as a resistor that generates heat by electric current and increases the surface temperature to melt the ice and snow on the pavement surface.

Interacting Metal-Insulator-Metal Resonator by Nanoporous Silver and Silk Protein Nanomembranes and Its Water-Sensing Application.

Planar and lithography-free metal-insulator-metal (MIM) resonators based on the Fabry-Pérot etalon are attractive for biochemical sensing applications because of their acceptable optical performance and cost-effectiveness. However, injecting analytes into the insulating layer where the optical field is localized (high light-matter interaction) is difficult. Here, planar and lithography-free MIM resonators interacting with their environment are reported.

Fabrication of vertical van der Waals gap array using single-and multi-layer graphene.

Arrays of van der Waals gaps were manufactured by synthesizing the vertically aligned graphene layer stacked between two copper (Cu) catalytic films. The Cu-graphene-Cu laminated structure was obtained by directly synthesizing graphene on a patterned Cu film followed by depositing a second copper layer for optical measurements. The synthesis of graphene on the Cu surface was optimized by adjusting the synthesis temperatures and pre-annealing time using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).