Impact of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Basal Metabolic Rate on PTSD, Depression, and Emotional Instability.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the basal metabolic rate (BMR) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and emotional instability (EI) using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Additionally, it sought to identify key molecular mechanisms underlying emotional instability through a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis.

Methods: MR analyses utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were conducted to estimate the effects of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the BMR on PTSD, MDD, and EI.

The effects of aroma massage and foot bath on psychophysiological response in stroke patients.

[Purpose] This research aimed to examine the effects of back massage and foot bath with blended essential oil on psychophysiological response in stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 14 adult stroke patients randomly divided into the experimental group (7 patients) and the control group (7 patients). Physical and psychological stress, mood state and sleep satisfaction was measured using evaluation instruments and body temperature was measured with infrared thermography (T-1000).

A trend in epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by urbanization level: a nationwide observational study from 2006 to 2010 in South Korea.

Background: The goal of this study is to better understand the trend in epidemiological features and the outcomes of emergency medical service (EMS)-assessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) according to the community urbanization level: metropolitan, urban, and rural.

Methods: This study was performed within a nationwide EMS system with a single-tiered basic-to-intermediate service level and approximately 900 destination hospitals for eligible OHCA cases in South Korea (with 48 million people). A nationwide OHCA database, which included information regarding demographics, Utstein criteria, EMS, and hospital factors and outcomes, was constructed using the EMS run sheets of eligible cases who were transported by 119 EMS ambulances and followed by a medical record review from 2006 to 2010.

Precise minute ventilation delivery using a bag-valve mask and audible feedback.

Objectives: The efficacy of a modified bag-valve mask (BVM) with a ventilation rate alarm system was compared with conventional BVM to maximize adequate minute ventilation volume delivery in a manikin model.

Methods: After a 30-minute instructional session on how to use the 2 types of BVM, volunteers were randomly assigned to ventilate a manikin in a 2-minute arrest simulation using 2 different types of BVM. The manikin cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed with a mechanical chest compression device, to which we added a rate alarm, which makes a ticking sound to indicate each second and buzzes every sixth second, to ensure a regular ventilation rate (10 breaths per minute).

How can a single rescuer adequately deliver tidal volume with a manual resuscitator? An improved device for delivering regular tidal volume.

Objectives: A bag-valve mask (BVM) device is used as one of the first-line pieces of equipment in emergency situations. However, cardiopulmonary support providers do not recognise the exact tidal volume during procedures, and squeezing methods of BVM may not deliver the same tidal volume each time. To supply a regular and sustained tidal volume, adequate finger points were marked on the surface of a BVM.

Airway scope vs Macintosh laryngoscope during chest compressions on a fresh cadaver model.

Purposes: This study compared the Airway scope (AWS) to the Macintosh laryngoscope (ML) during chest compressions on a fresh cadaver.

Methods: This was a prospective crossover study. The participants who had experiences with AWS were excluded.

Effect of vehicle speed on the quality of closed-chest compression during ambulance transport.

Introduction: Transport of patients with ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) occurs frequently. It may not be possible to obtain rapid hospital access while maintaining CPR quality, because the ambulance's high speed can cause increased vibration and vehicle movement. We aimed to assess how the speed of ambulance affects chest compressions.

Use of diffusion-weighted MRI in the emergency department for unconscious trauma patients with negative brain CT.

Diffusion-weighted MRI, a type of MR technique that can distinguish between cerebral fat embolism and diffuse axonal injury, is presented in this report. Emergency physicians should consider using diffusion-weighted imaging in unconscious trauma patients when their brain CT scans are unremarkable.

Role of sonography in the emergency room to diagnose sternal fractures.

Background: The diagnosis of a sternal fracture is often difficult when the fracture site shows only minimal displacement on conventional radiography. Recently, sonography (US) has been used widely in the emergency room (ER). We investigated the diagnostic performance of US in the ER for the diagnosis of sternal fractures.

Relationship between healing time and mean perfusion units of laser Doppler imaging (LDI) in pediatric burns.

Background: Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) is a noninvasive technique used to assess burn depth. However, there have been no studies regarding the use of LDI in predicting burn healing time.

Objectives: The aims of this study are to evaluate the relationship between healing time and the amount of perfusion seen on LDI and to determine a cut-off value for LDI that predicts if a burn will heal within 14 days.

Lumbosacral plexopathy due to common iliac artery aneurysm misdiagnosed as intervertebral disc herniation.

We report a case of lumbosacral plexopathy caused by an isolated aneurysm in the common iliac artery. The patient presented with low back and buttock pain radiating to the right leg and numbness in the L5 and S1 dermatomes. A computed tomography scan showed an aneurysm of the right common iliac artery.

Pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The computed tomographic (CT) finding of pseudo-subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) mimics that of SAH. In brain swelling due to acute hypoxic anoxic encephalopathy, the increased attenuation in the basal cisterns and subarachnoid spaces on CT scans is a characteristic finding of acute SAH.