Clinical and radiologic features of soft tissue sarcoma in trunk and extremities that underwent unplanned excision.

Background: To identify the clinical and imaging characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the trunk and extremities that undergo unplanned excision.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the data of patients with STS in the trunk or extremities between January 2008 and December 2021. Patients were divided into unplanned and planned excision groups based on their initial treatment.

Defining Medical AI Competencies for Medical School Graduates: Outcomes of a Delphi Survey and Medical Student/Educator Questionnaire of South Korean Medical Schools.

Purpose: Given the increasing significance and potential impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technology on health care delivery, there is an increasing demand to integrate AI into medical school curricula. This study aimed to define medical AI competencies and identify the essential competencies for medical graduates in South Korea.

Method: An initial Delphi survey conducted in 2022 involving 4 groups of medical AI experts (n = 28) yielded 42 competency items.

Novel MFSD7-ATP5I fusion promotes migration and invasion of human sarcoma.

Fusion genes have been implicated in the development and progression of several types of sarcomas, serving as valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as potential therapeutic targets. We discovered a novel major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 7 (MFSD7) and adenosine triphosphate 5I (ATP5I) gene fusion from sarcomas. In this study, the MFSD7-ATP5I fusion transcript was screened using RNA sequencing in 55 sarcoma samples and sixteen normal samples.

Inflammatory conversion of quiescent osteoblasts by metastatic breast cancer cells through pERK1/2 aggravates cancer-induced bone destruction.

Disruption of bone homeostasis caused by metastatic osteolytic breast cancer cells increases inflammatory osteolysis and decreases bone formation, thereby predisposing patients to pathological fracture and cancer growth. Alteration of osteoblast function induces skeletal diseases due to the disruption of bone homeostasis. We observed increased activation of pERK1/2 in osteolytic breast cancer cells and osteoblasts in human pathological specimens with aggressive osteolytic breast cancer metastases.

Overexpression of Replication-Dependent Histone Signifies a Subset of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma with Increased Aggressiveness.

Liposarcoma (LPS) is an adult soft tissue malignancy that arises from fat tissue, where well-differentiated (WD) and dedifferentiated (DD) forms are the most common. DDLPS represents the progression of WDLPS into a more aggressive high-grade and metastatic form. Although a few DNA copy-number amplifications are known to be specifically found in WD- or DDLPS, systematic genetic differences that signify subtype determination between WDLPS and DDLPS remain unclear.

Evaluation of conditional treatment effects of adjuvant treatments on patients with synovial sarcoma using Bayesian subgroup analysis.

Background: The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy on the survival of patients with synovial sarcoma (SS), which is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma, remains controversial. Bayesian statistical approaches and propensity score matching can be employed to infer treatment effects using observational data. Thus, this study aimed to identify the individual treatment effects of adjuvant therapies on the overall survival of SS patients and recognize subgroups of patients who can benefit from specific treatments using Bayesian subgroup analyses.

Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: Current Applications and Issues.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have greatly advanced and become a reality in many areas of our daily lives. In the health care field, numerous efforts are being made to implement the AI technology for practical medical treatments. With the rapid developments in machine learning algorithms and improvements in hardware performances, the AI technology is expected to play an important role in effectively analyzing and utilizing extensive amounts of health and medical data.

Effect of GNAQ alteration on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in human non-small-cell lung cancer.

Aims: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is a key molecule that is expressed in bone stromal cells and is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in many cancers. However, cancer cells that directly express RANKL have yet to be unveiled. The current study sought to evaluate how a single subunit of G protein, guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha (GNAQ), transforms cancer cells into RANKL-expressing cancer cells.

Clinical scoring system for the prediction of survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective: In this study, we established a risk scoring system using easily obtained clinical characteristics at the time of initiating palliative chemotherapy to predict accurate overall survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer after first-line treatment with fluoropyrimidine-platinum combination chemotherapy.

Methods: A total of 1733 patients treated at the Samsung Medical Center, Korea were included in the study, and clinicopathological and laboratory data were retrospectively analysed. The dataset was split into a training set (n=1156, 67%) and a validation set (n=577, 33%).

Novel prognostication of patients with spinal and pelvic chondrosarcoma using deep survival neural networks.

Background: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to develop and validate deep survival neural network machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict survival following a spino-pelvic chondrosarcoma diagnosis.

Methods: The SEER 18 registries were used to apply the Risk Estimate Distance Survival Neural Network (RED_SNN) in the model. Our model was evaluated at each time window with receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the curves (AUCs), as was the concordance index (c-index).

Soft tissue sarcoma: DWI and DCE-MRI parameters correlate with Ki-67 labeling index.

Objectives: To examine the correlation of diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters with Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in soft tissue sarcoma (STS).

Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Thirty-six patients with STS who underwent 3.

Prediction of survival outcomes in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer using machine learning methods.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a new prognostic classification for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients using gradient boosting (GB) and to compare the accuracy of the prognostic model with the conventional statistical method.

Methods: Information of EOC patients from Samsung Medical Center (training cohort, n=1,128) was analyzed to optimize the prognostic model using GB. The performance of the final model was externally validated with patient information from Asan Medical Center (validation cohort, n=229).

Deep Learning-Based Survival Analysis Identified Associations Between Molecular Subtype and Optimal Adjuvant Treatment of Patients With Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Several pivotal clinical trials of adjuvant treatments were performed during the previous decade; however, the optimal regimen for adjuvant treatment of GC remains controversial.

Patients And Methods: We developed a novel deep learning-based survival model (survival recurrent network [SRN]) in patients with GC by including all available clinical and pathologic data and treatment regimens.

Post-radiation sarcoma: A study by the Eastern Asian Musculoskeletal Oncology Group.

The oncologic risk of ionizing radiation is widely known. Sarcomas developing after radiotherapy have been reported, and they are a growing problem because rapid advancements in cancer management and screening have increased the number of long-term survivors. Although many patients have undergone radiation treatment in Asian countries, scarce reports on post-radiation sarcomas (PRSs) have been published.