Clinical practice guidelines for cervical cancer: the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines.

This fifth revised version of the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology practice guidelines for the management of cervical cancer incorporates recent research findings and changes in treatment strategies based on version 4.0 released in 2020. Each key question was developed by focusing on recent notable insights and crucial contemporary issues in the field of cervical cancer.

In situ vaccination via tissue-targeted cDC1 expansion enhances the immunogenicity of chemoradiation and immunotherapy.

Even with the prolific clinical use of next-generation cancer therapeutics, many tumors remain unresponsive or become refractory to therapy, creating a medical need. In cancer, DCs are indispensable for T cell activation, so there is a restriction on cytotoxic T cell immunity if DCs are not present in sufficient numbers in the tumor and draining lymph nodes to take up and present relevant cancer antigens. To address this bottleneck, we developed a therapeutic based on albumin fused with FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Alb-Flt3L) that demonstrated superior pharmacokinetic properties compared with Flt3L, including significantly longer half-life, accumulation in tumors and lymph nodes, and cross-presenting-DC expansion following a single injection.

Insights from molecular dynamics simulations of TRPV1 channel modulators in pain.

TRPV1 is a nonselective cation channel vital for detecting noxious stimuli (heat, acid, capsaicin). Its role in pain makes it a potential drug target for chronic pain management, migraines, and related disorders. This review updates molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies on the TRPV1 channel, focusing on its gating mechanism, ligand-binding sites, and implications for drug design.

miR-429 Suppresses Endometrial Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance via DDX53.

(1) Background: To examine miR-429-meditated DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 53 (DDX53) function in endometrial cancer (EC). (2) Methods: DDX53 and miR-429 levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assays, cell invasion and migration using Transwell invasion and wound healing assays, and cell proliferation using colony-forming/proliferation assays. A murine xenograft model was also generated to examine miR-429 and DDX53 functions in vivo.

The Role of ROR1 in Chemoresistance and EMT in Endometrial Cancer Cells.

: Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor type 1 (ROR1) plays a critical role in embryogenesis and is overexpressed in many malignant cells. These characteristics allow ROR1 to be a potential new target for cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ROR1 through in vitro experiments in endometrial cancer cell lines.

Efficacy and Safety of MED-01 Probiotics on Vaginal Health: A 12-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common disease in women of childbearing age and is caused by the growth of abnormal microbiota in the vagina. Probiotic consumption can be an effective alternative treatment to preserve or improve vaginal health. In the present study, MED-01, a complex of five strains of probiotic candidates isolated from the vagina of Korean women, was used.

Meta-Analysis of Survival Effects of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1).

Background and Objectives: Identification and targeting of membrane proteins in tumor cells is one of the key steps in the development of cancer drugs. The receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR) type 1 is a type-I transmembrane protein expressed in various cancer tissues, which is in contrast to its limited expression in normal tissues. These characteristics make ROR1 a candidate target for cancer treatment.

Expression of antimicrobial peptides in the amniotic fluid of women with cervical insufficiency.

Problem: Cervical insufficiency (CI) is associated with intra-amniotic infection or inflammation. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in amniotic fluid may protect the fetus against microbial invasion, giving their broad-spectrum microbiocidal properties. We evaluated changes in amniotic fluid AMP expression in women with CI and assessed whether these changes are related to their pregnancy outcomes.

A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of First-Line Treatments for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with High Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression.

We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) to suggest frontline treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) showing high programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. A total of 5237 patients from 22 studies were included. In terms of progression-free survival, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus bevacizumab plus chemotherapy had the highest surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value (98.

Prognostic value of protein tyrosine kinase 6 overexpression in cancers: a meta-analysis.

Background: Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the functions of PTK6 appear highly context-dependent and differ depending on the cell type, as well as its intracellular localization. High PTK6 expression in tumor has been associated with poor pathological features and prognosis in some studies, but other studies have reported opposite results.

Automated Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Histology Images via Deep Learning.

Artificial intelligence has enabled the automated diagnosis of several cancer types. We aimed to develop and validate deep learning models that automatically classify cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) based on histological images. Microscopic images of CIN3, CIN2, CIN1, and non-neoplasm were obtained.

Gly388Arg Polymorphism Reveals a Poor Prognosis, Especially in Asian Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

The fibroblast growth factor-4 receptor (FGFR4) is a member of receptor tyrosine kinase. The Gly388Arg polymorphism in the transmembrane domain of the receptor has been shown to increase genetic susceptibility to cancers. However, its prognostic impact in cancer patients still remains controversial.

Content Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Cesarean Delivery-Related Videos on YouTube: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: YouTube is one of the most popular open-access video-sharing websites, and it is also used to obtain health care information. Cesarean delivery is the most common major surgical intervention in many countries. Videos related to cesarean delivery have also been uploaded to YouTube.

Anti-Mullerian Hormone Changes Following Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Purpose: To investigate whether laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (LOC) affects ovarian reserve.

Patients And Methods: In 46 premenopausal women, who underwent either LOC (study group, n=26) or laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) (control group, n=20), serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels were measured pre-operatively (AMH0), and postoperatively at 7 days (AMH1), 2 months (AMH2), and 6 months (AMH3). Changes in AMH from baseline level (AMH0) in each group were compared.

Whole blood RNA sequencing reveals a differential transcriptomic profile associated with cervical insufficiency: a pilot study.

Background: The uterine cervix is a mechanical and immunological barrier against ascending infection during pregnancy. Cervical insufficiency (CI), a painless cervical dilation that occurs in the mid-trimester, is an important cause of extremely preterm birth. We hypothesized that women with CI have a differential transcriptomic profile.

Classification of cervical neoplasms on colposcopic photography using deep learning.

Colposcopy is widely used to detect cervical cancers, but experienced physicians who are needed for an accurate diagnosis are lacking in developing countries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been recently used in computer-aided diagnosis showing remarkable promise. In this study, we developed and validated deep learning models to automatically classify cervical neoplasms on colposcopic photographs.

YouTube as a Source of Information and Education on Hysterectomy.

Background: Globally, YouTube is one of the most popular websites, and the content is not restricted to entertainment. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of information in YouTube videos pertaining to hysterectomy.

Methods: We explored YouTube using the search terms "hysterectomy" and "remove uterus.

Outcomes after transabdominal cerclage in twin pregnancy with previous unsuccessful transvaginal cerclage.

Transabdominal cerclage (TAC) is reported to be effective for preventing preterm birth in women with unsuccessful transvaginal cerclage (TVC) history. However, TAC has rarely been performed in twin pregnancy given the lack of sufficient evidence and the technical difficulty of the operation. Thus, it is unclear whether TAC is an effective procedure for twin pregnancy in women with a history of unsuccessful TVC.

Novel, genetically induced mouse model that recapitulates the histological morphology and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of metastatic peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a hallmark of advanced peritoneal tumor progression, particularly for tubal/ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs). Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis have poor survival rates and are difficult to treat clinically due to widespread tumor dissemination in the peritoneal cavity.

Methods: We developed a clinically relevant, genetically induced, peritoneal carcinomatosis model that recapitulates the histological morphology and immunosuppressive state of the tumor microenvironment of metastatic peritoneal HGSCs by intraperitoneally injecting shp53, AKT, c-Myc, luciferase and sleeping beauty transposase, followed by electroporation (EP) in the peritoneal cavity of immunocompetent mice (intraperitoneal (IP)/EP mice).

MicroRNA-548 regulates high mobility group box 1 expression in patients with preterm birth and chorioamnionitis.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a prototypic alarmin and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory process in spontaneous preterm birth. This study was conducted to compare the levels of HMGB1 in amniotic fluid and amnion membranes in women with chorioamnionitis/intra-amniotic inflammation to the levels in healthy controls. We also aimed to elucidate the involvement of microRNA-548 (miR-548) in regulating HMGB1 expression and its function in human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs).

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sulforaphane in Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-associated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system and results in serious disability. Although many disease-modifying therapy drugs have been developed, these drugs have shown limited clinical efficacy and some adverse effects in previous studies, therefore, there has been reasonable need for less harmful and cost-effective therapeutics. Herein, we tested the anti-inflammatory effect of sulforaphane (SFN) in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).