Combined Effects of Depression and Chronic Disease on the Risk of Mortality: The Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2016).

Background: The prevalence of depression is much higher in people with chronic disease than in the general population. Depression exacerbates existing physical conditions, resulting in a higher-than-expected death rate from the physical condition itself. In our aging society, the prevalence of multimorbid patients is expected to increase; the resulting mental problems, especially depression, should be considered.

The Influence of Negative Mental Health on the Health Behavior and the Mortality Risk: Analysis of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2014.

Background: Several studies have shown that negative mental health increases risky health behavior and mortality risk. We investigated the relationship between mental health and health behavior, and the causal association between mental health and mortality risk.

Methods: We used data from the 8-year (2006-2014) Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging with a cohort of 10,247 individuals (whom we divided into a younger group aged <65 years and an older group aged ≥65 years).

Socioeconomic Vulnerability, Mental Health, and Their Combined Effects on All-Cause Mortality in Koreans, over 45 Years: Analysis of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2014.

Background: We evaluated the effects of socioeconomic factors and psychosocial factors, both individually and combined, on all-cause mortality risk (mortality risk).

Methods: We conducted an 8-year (2006-2014) longitudinal analysis of 10,247 individuals who took part in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, a nationwide survey of people aged 45-79 years. Socioeconomic vulnerability (SEV) was assessed with factors such as education, household income, commercial health insurance, and residential area.

Circulating folate levels and colorectal adenoma: a case-control study and a meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: The relationship between folate and colorectal neoplasia remains controversial. We examined the association between serum folate concentrations and colorectal adenomas in a case-control study of Korean adults and conducted a meta-analysis.

Subjects/methods: Our case-control study included 113 pairs of case and control who underwent colonoscopy and provided blood samples.

Social activities are associated with cognitive decline in older Koreans.

Aim: Social activity seems to be important for the prevention of cognitive impairment and frailty. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether social activities are associated with the development of cognitive impairment in Korean older people.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Korean National Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Circulating levels of vitamin D and colorectal adenoma: A case-control study and a meta-analysis.

Aim: To examine the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and colorectal adenoma in a case-control study and a meta-analysis.

Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study (112 cases and 112 matched controls) and combined 15 studies, including our study, in a meta-analysis. The study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model.

The ACC/AHA 2013 pooled cohort equations compared to a Korean Risk Prediction Model for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Background And Aims: To evaluate the performance of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations in the Korean Heart Study (KHS) population and to develop a Korean Risk Prediction Model (KRPM) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.

Methods: The KHS cohort included 200,010 Korean adults aged 40-79 years who were free from ASCVD at baseline. Discrimination, calibration, and recalibration of the ACC/AHA Equations in predicting 10-year ASCVD risk in the KHS cohort were evaluated.

Total and Dietary Calcium Intake and Colorectal Adenoma in Korean Adults.

Background: Colorectal cancer in Korea has become more prevalent over the few last decades, and calcium is considered a preventive factor for colorectal cancer development. We examined the associations between total and dietary calcium intake and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma in Korean adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 112 colorectal adenoma cases and 252 adenoma-free non-cases, aged 45 to 71 years, who underwent colonoscopies at the Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from August 2011 to September 2012.

Alcohol intake, smoking, and colorectal adenoma.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea. Because colorectal adenoma is a precursor lesion of colorectal cancer, primary prevention of colorectal adenomas may be important for reducing morbidity and mortality from the disease. The aim of this study is to examine the association of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking in relation with colorectal adenoma in a cross-sectional study of Korean adults.

The Relationship between Smoking Level and Metabolic Syndrome in Male Health Check-up Examinees over 40 Years of Age.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between smoking and metabolic syndrome in men.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,852 men over age 40 who underwent health screening from April 2009 to December 2010. We classified them into three smoking levels as non-, intermediate-, and heavy-smoker, considering their smoking status (non, ex, current) and amount (0, 1-29, ≥30 pack year [PYR]).

A coronary heart disease prediction model: the Korean Heart Study.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to develop a coronary heart disease (CHD) risk model among the Korean Heart Study (KHS) population and compare it with the Framingham CHD risk score.

Design: A prospective cohort study within a national insurance system.

Setting: 18 health promotion centres nationwide between 1996 and 2001 in Korea.

Association of Leisure Time Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome over 40 Years.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure time physical activities (LTPA) and metabolic syndrome (MS).

Methods: Five thousand seven hundred and thirty two adults 40 years old or older were enrolled in the study from April 2009 to December 2010. National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III was used for the criteria of MS, and Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure LTPA.

Circulating concentrations of C-Peptide and colorectal adenoma.

Hyperinsulinemia may increase the risk of colorectal neoplasia because of its mitogenic and antiapoptotic properties, which have a growth-promoting effect. We examined the association between circulating concentrations of C-peptide, a biomarker of insulin secretion, and colorectal adenoma prevalence in a case-control study of Korean adults. A total of 364 participants (112 cases and 252 controls) were included.

The Korean Heart Study: rationale, objectives, protocol, and preliminary results for a new prospective cohort study of 430,920 men and women.

Background: To describe the rationale, objectives, protocol, and preliminary results for a new prospective cohort study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in South Korea.

Methods: Study members were recruited from participants in routine health assessments at health promotion centres across South Korea. Established and emerging CVD risk factors were measured.

Socioeconomic status in association with metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease risk.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of metabolic syndrome (MS) coronary heart disease (CHD) with socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: The participants were 2,170 (631 men and 1,539 women), aged over 40 years who had visited for health screening from April to December in 2009. We classified them into three SES levels according to their education and income levels.

Predictive factors for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

Backgrounds/aims: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas has malignant potential. Predicting invasive IPMN has proven difficult and controversial. We tried to identify predictive factors for invasive IPMN.

Reference values for the augmentation index and pulse pressure in apparently healthy korean subjects.

Background And Objectives: Arterial stiffness is a precursor to premature cardiovascular disease. The augmentation index (AI) and pulse pressure (PP) are cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to define the diagnostic values of the AI and PP from the peripheral arterial and central aortic waveforms in healthy subjects.

[The association of central obesity with type 2 diabetes among Koreans according to the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase level: Korean genome and epidemiology study].

Objectives: This cross-sectional study was performed to examine if the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level that is within its normal range is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes and if the association between the waist hip ratio (WHR) and type 2 diabetes is different depending on the serum GGT levels.

Methods: The study subjects were 23,436 persons aged 40 years or older and who participated in regular health check-ups at 11 hospitals (males: 5,821, females: 17,615). The gender-specific quintiles of the serum GGT and WHR were used to examine the associations with type 2 diabetes.

[Associations of non alcoholic fatty liver with the metabolic syndrome and serum carotenoids].

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the associations of non alcoholic fatty liver with metabolic syndrome and the serum carotenoids.

Methods: This study was conducted in a general hospital in South Korea from November, 2004 to August, 2005. The study subjects were 350 sampled persons who were aged from 40 years and older (males: 180, females: 170).