COVID-19 can lead to pulmonary complications, including organizing pneumonia. Steroids are essential in treating post-COVID-19 organizing pneumonia. However, research on the clinical benefits of initiating steroid treatment early for this condition is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A pulmonary artery-to-aorta (PA/A) ratio of ≥1 is a reliable indicator of pulmonary hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and long-term mortality in patients with stable COPD. However, it is unclear whether a PA/A ratio of ≥1 is associated with mortality in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical course and mortality of patients with PA/A ratios of ≥1 who were hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhanced expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) promotes the mA modification of specific mRNAs, contributing to breast tumorigenesis. While the mRNA substrates targeted by METTL3 are well characterized, the factors dictating the selection of these specific mRNA remain elusive. This study aimed to examine the regulatory role of the transcription factor STAT5B in METTL3-induced mA modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew studies have examined the risk factors associated with the type of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD based on the type of ARF. The medical charts of hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of COPD between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Apoptosis resistance in cancer cells adapted to acidic microenvironments poses a challenge for effective treatment. This study investigated the potential use of caffeic acid as an adjunct therapy to overcome drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells under acidic conditions.
Materials And Methods: Long-term exposure to low-pH conditions induced resistance in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.
Rationale: Intraosseous hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor of the bone that can affect any body part; however, the most common site is the vertebra, followed by calvarial bones.
Patient Concerns: We present a case of intraosseous hemangioma in a 23-year-old male who presented a feeling of fullness in the throat for 3 months. The hyoid bone level had a hard mass of about 5 cm.
Purpose: Nuclear accumulation of YAP/TAZ promotes tumorigenesis in several cancers, including melanoma. Although the mechanisms underlying the nuclear retention of YAP are known, those underlying the retention of TAZ remain unclear. Our study investigates a novel acetylation/deacetylation switch in TAZ, governing its subcellular localization in melanoma tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used in patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, the development of tamoxifen resistance is common. The previous finding suggests that the development of tamoxifen resistance is driven by epiregulin or hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent glycolysis activation. Nonetheless, the mechanisms responsible for cancer cell survival and growth in a lactic acid-rich environment remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hyperuricemia is common during tuberculosis (TB) treatment, especially in association with pyrazinamide (PZA). This study investigated the relationship between major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and hyperuricemia during TB treatment.
Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) as a potential biomarker for treatment-related ILD (TR-ILD) in lung cancer. We recruited patients with lung cancer in whom KL-6 was measured to differentiate between pneumonia and ILD (category 1), diagnose and assess the severity of suspicious ILD (category 2), or evaluate baseline levels before cancer treatment (category 3). Among 1,297 patients who underwent KL-6 testing, 422 had lung cancer, and TR-ILD was detected in 195 patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-acting β-agonist (LABA)/long-acting muscarinic-antagonist (LAMA) dual therapy has been found to be more effective than LAMA monotherapy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, among patients with group B or D COPD, the characteristics of patients for whom LABA/LAMA dual therapy is superior to LAMA monotherapy in minimizing acute exacerbations remain unknown. With data from a prospective COPD cohort, subgroup analyses were conducted to determine whether LABA/LAMA dual therapy was superior to LAMA monotherapy in reducing the rate of acute exacerbations in group B and D COPD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Disorders of consciousness (DOC) resulting from acquired brain injury (ABI) increase the mortality rate of patients, complicate rehabilitation, and increase the physical and economic burden that DOC imposes on patients and their families. Thus, treatment to promote early awakening from DOC is vital. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown great potential for promoting neuro-electrochemical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel monotherapy following conversion from adjunctive therapy.
Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective, non-interventional study of Korean patients aged ≥12 years with focal-onset seizures (FOS) with or without focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. Data were extracted from electronic medical records of perampanel-treated patients from 1 February 2016 to 31 October 2020.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated the efficacy of a plant-based human recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hrACE2) and hrACE2-foldon (hrACE2-Fd) protein against COVID-19. In addition, we analyzed the antiviral activity of hrACE2 and hrACE2-Fd against SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse-transcription PCR and plaque assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug repositioning has gained significant attention over the past several years. The anti-rheumatoid arthritis drug auranofin has been investigated for the treatment of other diseases, including liver fibrosis. Because auranofin is rapidly metabolized, it is necessary to identify the active metabolites of auranofin that have detectable levels in the blood and reflect its therapeutic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hemocoagulase batroxobin is used to prevent hemostasis or bleeding in surgical and trauma patients; however, the role of batroxobin in patients with hemoptysis is not well understood. We evaluated the risk factors and prognosis of acquired hypofibrinogenemia in hemoptysis patients treated systemically with batroxobin.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of hospitalized patients who were administered batroxobin for hemoptysis.
Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is the catalytic subunit of the N-adenosine methyltransferase complex responsible for N-methyladenosine (mA) modification of mRNA in mammalian cells. Although METTL3 expression is increased in several cancers, the regulatory mechanisms are unclear. We explored the regulatory roles of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) in METTL3 stability and mA modification of mRNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: Type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1) is one of the most prevalent genetic conditions. NF1 is characterized by cutaneous plexiform neurofibromas and café au lait skin pigmentation, and is inherited in an autosomal dominant trait with mutation in the neurofibromin 1 gene on chromosome 17. Neurofibromin is involved in Ras proto-oncogene regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In-hospital tuberculosis (TB) transmission remains a concern. Airborne infection isolation (AII) can be discontinued in hospitalized patients with suspected active pulmonary TB when the results of three consecutive sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smears are negative. However, fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be performed in patients who may have difficulty in producing sputum samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a rare pulmonary disease. Although most patients with PAVMs are asymptomatic, cerebral complications associated with PAVMs are often fatal. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for cerebral complications in patients with PAVMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after vascular injury lead to neointimal hyperplasia, thus aggravating vascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neointima formation are not fully elucidated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are mediators of various intercellular communications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe investigated the effect of specific surface area on the electrochemical properties of NiCoO (NCO) for glucose detection. NCO nanomaterials with controlled specific surface areas were prepared by additive-assisted hydrothermal synthesis, and self-assembled nanostructures with urchin-, pine-needle-, tremella-, and flower-like morphologies were obtained. The novelty of this method is the systematic control of chemical reaction routes assisted by the addition of different additives during synthesis, which results in the spontaneous formation of various morphologies without any difference in the crystal structure and chemical states of the constituent elements.
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