Outstanding Characteristics of Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome in Korea.

Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple lung cysts, typical skin manifestations, and renal tumors. We prospectively enrolled thirty-one subjects from four South Korean institutions with typical lung cysts, and next-generation sequencing was conducted. We prospectively enrolled thirty-one subjects from four Korean institutions with typical lung cysts.

Effects of diet and castration on fatty acid composition and volatile compounds in the meat of Korean native black goats.

Objective: This study determined the effects of dietary treatments and castration on meat quality, fatty acids (FAs) profiles, and volatile compounds in Korean native black goats (KNBG, Capra hircus coreanae), including the relationship between the population of rumen microbiomes and meat FA profiles.

Methods: Twenty-four KNBG (48.6±1.

Differential expression and localization of tight junction proteins in the goat epididymis.

The blood-epididymis barrier (BEB) forms a unique microenvironment that is crucial for the maturation, protection, transport, and storage of spermatozoa in the epididymis. To characterize the function of tight junctions (TJs), which are constitutive components of the BEB, we determined the expression and localization of TJ proteins such as zonula occludens (ZO)-1, 2, and 3, occludin, and claudin3 (Cldn3) during postnatal development in the goat epididymis. To assess the expression patterns of TJ proteins in immature (3 months of age) and mature (14 months of age) goat epididymides, two different experimental methods were used including immunofluorescence labeling and western blotting.

The Epidemiologic Characteristics of Malignant Mesothelioma Cases in Korea: Findings of the Asbestos Injury Relief System from 2011-2015.

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of malignant mesothelioma in Korea by investigating cases compensated under the asbestos injury relief system. (2) Methods: A total of 407 compensated cases between 2011 and 2015 were reviewed using medical records and resident registrations in order to investigate the dates of diagnosis and death. Asbestos exposure and patients' general characteristics were investigated through face-to-face interviews.

Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination in Korean black goat () using frozen-thawed semen.

Presently, there is an increased demand for livestock products all over the world which has led to more devotion on improving livestock population. Although goats have been bred for a long time in Korea, but there is not much research conducted on traditional Korean black goat () compared to other livestock populations. Mutton consumption has been dramatically changing from medicinal use to edible meat and this trend directs the black goat populations declining and also mutton import quantities are increasing consistently.

Risk of Hematologic Malignant Neoplasms From Abdominopelvic Computed Tomographic Radiation in Patients Who Underwent Appendectomy.

Importance: Whether computed tomography (CT) radiation is truly carcinogenic remains controversial. Large epidemiological studies that purportedly showed an association between CT radiation and carcinogenesis were limited by confounding by indication and reverse causation, because the reasons for CT examination were unknown.

Objective: To measure the risk of hematologic malignant neoplasms associated with perioperative abdominopelvic CT radiation among patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis.

Ultrasonic Cutting of Frozen Semen Straws to Optimize the Use of Spermatozoa for In Vitro Fertilization.

The objective of the present study was to establish conditions for using technology that can potentially enhance the efficiency of bovine embryos derived from in vitro fertilization (IVF) with frozen semen. Frozen semen from selected bulls can be stored indefinitely in liquid nitrogen as genetic resources; however, these resources are considered consumable because they cannot be regenerated. Therefore, to optimize the utilization of frozen semen, as many oocytes as possible should be fertilized with one straw.

Differentiation between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis: diagnostic model development and validation study.

Purpose: Differentiating complicated appendicitis has become important, as multiple trials showed that non-operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis is feasible. We developed and validated a diagnostic model to differentiate complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1153 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 30 ± 8 years) with appendicitis on CT (804 patients for development, and 349 for validation).

Development and Differentiation of Epididymal Epithelial Cells in Korean Native Black Goat.

The acidic luminal environment of the epididymis is regulated by the communication networks among epididymal epithelial cells; it is necessary for sperm maturation and storage. To characterize epididymal epithelial cell differentiation, the localization and expression of hydrogen-pumping vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and cytokeratin 5 (KRT5) in the clear and basal cells, respectively, of immature and mature goat epididymis and vas deferens was examined. The epididymides and vas deferens were obtained from goats aged 1, 2, and 12-14 months.

Deep Learning-based Automatic Detection Algorithm for Reducing Overlooked Lung Cancers on Chest Radiographs.

Background It is uncertain whether a deep learning-based automatic detection algorithm (DLAD) for identifying malignant nodules on chest radiographs will help diagnose lung cancers. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of using a DLAD in observer performance for the detection of lung cancers on chest radiographs. Materials and Methods Among patients diagnosed with lung cancers between January 2010 and December 2014, 117 patients (median age, 69 years; interquartile range [IQR], 64-74 years; 57 women) were retrospectively identified in whom lung cancers were visible on previous chest radiographs.

Genomic selection through single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction improves the accuracy of evaluation in Hanwoo cattle.

Objective: Genomic selection (GS) is becoming popular in animals' genetic development. We, therefore, investigated the single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) as tool for GS, and compared its efficacy with the traditional pedigree BLUP (pedBLUP) method.

Methods: A total of 9,952 males born between 1997 and 2018 under Hanwoo proven-bull selection program was studied.

Transcriptome profiling of in vitro-matured oocytes from a korean native cow (hanwoo) after cysteamine supplementation.

This study elucidated the molecular markers that decrease oocyte quality during culture, restricting optimal developmental potential. Here, we evaluated the transcriptomic differences between cysteamine-treated and non-treated bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) after 22 h of co-culture in the maturation media using RNA sequencing. In total, 39,014 transcripts were sequenced between cysteamine-treated and non-treated mature COCs.

A functional regulatory variant of MYH3 influences muscle fiber-type composition and intramuscular fat content in pigs.

Muscle development and lipid accumulation in muscle critically affect meat quality of livestock. However, the genetic factors underlying myofiber-type specification and intramuscular fat (IMF) accumulation remain to be elucidated. Using two independent intercrosses between Western commercial breeds and Korean native pigs (KNPs) and a joint linkage-linkage disequilibrium analysis, we identified a 488.

CT in Differentiating Complicated From Uncomplicated Appendicitis: Presence of Any of 10 CT Features Versus Radiologists' Gestalt Assessment.

The purpose of this study is to propose a sensitive CT criterion (the presence of any of 10 CT features) for complicated appendicitis that could be used in the nonoperative management of appendicitis and to compare the diagnostic performance of this sensitive CT criterion with that of gestalt assessment. This retrospective study, which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital, included 100 patients with suspected appendicitis on CT. Complicated appendicitis, defined as gangrenous or perforated appendicitis, was pathologically or surgically confirmed in 32 patients.

Contrast-enhanced US with Perfluorobutane for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance: A Multicenter Diagnostic Trial (SCAN).

Background US has served as a standard surveillance tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the detection rate and false referral rate with this modality are suboptimal. Purpose To evaluate the added value of perfluorobutane-enhanced US when combined with conventional B-mode US as an HCC surveillance tool in participants with liver cirrhosis. Materials and Methods This prospective multi-institution diagnostic trial (, NCT02188901) used an intraindividual comparison design in a single arm of study participants and was conducted at five referral hospitals.

Low-dose (2-mSv) computed tomography for suspected appendicitis: Applicability in an emergency department.

Objectives: To document the level of interobserver agreement and compare the diagnostic performances of emergency physicians and radiologists at interpreting low radiation CT images of acute appendicitis in adolescents and young adults.

Methods: One hundred and seven adolescents and young adult patients (aged 15 to 44years) that underwent 2-mSv low-dose CT for suspected acute appendicitis between June and December in 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Three emergency physicians and three radiologists with different experiences of low-dose CT independently reviewed CT images.

Phlegmonous Esophagitis Treated with Internal Drainage and Feeding Jejunostomy.

We report the case of a 67-year-old woman presenting with epigastric pain. Computed tomography identified diffuse phlegmonous esophagitis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple perforations in the mucosal layer of the esophagus.

Can We Perform CT of the Appendix with Less Than 1 mSv? A De-escalating Dose-simulation Study.

Objectives: To systematically explore the lowest reasonably achievable radiation dose for appendiceal CT using an iterative reconstruction (IR) in young adults.

Methods: We prospectively included 30 patients who underwent 2.0-mSv CT for suspected appendicitis.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of CT Features for Differentiating Complicated and Uncomplicated Appendicitis.

Purpose To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify computed tomographic (CT) features for differentiating complicated appendicitis in patients suspected of having appendicitis and to summarize their diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods Studies on diagnostic accuracy of CT features for differentiating complicated appendicitis (perforated or gangrenous appendicitis) in patients suspected of having appendicitis were searched in Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Overlapping descriptors used in different studies to denote the same image finding were subsumed under a single CT feature.