Repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from defect of middle cranial fossa.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea is defined as CSF otorrhea where there are no identifiable causes including previous trauma, surgery, infection, neoplasm or congenital anomaly. The condition is rare. The origin of CSF leak is commonly a defect in the tegmen of the middle cranial fossa.

Nystagmus-based approach to vertebrobasilar stroke presenting as vertigo without initial neurologic signs.

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical courses and common nystagmus of isolated vertigo patients with vertebrobasilar stroke.

Methods: The patients who presented with isolated acute spontaneous vertigo with spontaneous nystagmus (acute vestibular syndrome) at the Emergency Department were retrospectively analyzed. They were referred to the Otolaryngology Department due to the absence of neurologic signs or even of imaging abnormalities after the initial examination at the Emergency Department.

A Novel Frameshift Mutation of the USH2A Gene in a Korean Patient with Usher Syndrome Type II.

Usher syndrome type II (USH2) is the most common form of Usher syndrome, characterized by moderate to severe hearing impairment and progressive visual loss due to retinitis pigmentosa. It has been shown that mutations in the USH2A gene are responsible for USH2. The authors herein describe a 34-year-old Korean woman with the typical clinical manifestation of USH2; she had bilateral hearing disturbance and progressive visual deterioration, without vestibular dysfunction.

Allergic diseases in children with otitis media with effusion.

Objectives: Recent studies have shown that allergic diseases may be associated with the pathogenesis of recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME). We aimed to assess the relationship between OME and allergic diseases and other types of disease in children with OME. We also evaluated the between group differences in the characteristics of middle ear effusion.

Rate of isolation and trends of antimicrobial resistance of multidrug resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa from otorrhea in chronic suppurative otitis media.

Objectives: To assess the rate of isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and multidrug-resistant PA (MDR-PA) from patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) otorrhea and the annual trend of antibiotic-resistance.

Methods: Otorrhea samples were collected aseptically from 1,598 CSOM patients. The rate of bacterial isolation and the results of antibiotic susceptibility testing were evaluated retrospectively.

Clinical analysis of auricular benign masses.

Background And Objectives: Auricular masses are growths on the outer ear that have not been well characterized clinically. We assessed the clinical nature and treatment of auricular benign masses in patients at our institution.

Subjects And Methods: We retrospectively identified 63 patients with auricular benign masses who underwent excision and biopsy from May 1970 to April 2011.

Comparison of the clinical relevance of traditional and new classification systems of temporal bone fractures.

Temporal bone fractures are traditionally classified as transverse, longitudinal or mixed. Since these categories have shown little association with clinical symptoms, new classifications have been introduced, including those related to the involvement of the petrous bone and otic capsule. We have formulated a new classification based on the involvement of four parts of the temporal bone (squama, tympanic, mastoid, and petrous) and assessed which of these classification systems is the most rational using a retrospective chart review in hospital settings (KyungHee Medical Center, Seoul, Korea and Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea).

Clinical efficacy of initial intratympanic steroid treatment on sudden sensorineural hearing loss with diabetes.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of intratympanic steroid injection (ITSI) with that of systemic steroids as an initial treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with diabetes.

Study Design: Prospective, nonrandomized multicenter clinical trial.

Setting: Multicenter study in Busan and Masan, South Korea.

Combination treatment of Cetuximab and photodynamic therapy in SNU-1041 squamous cancer cell line.

Cetuximab (Erbitux) has been highlighted for its anti-proliferative effects in solid tumors and it is currently used as an adjuvant modality with other anti-cancer treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used widely in many specialties of medicine. This study evaluated the efficacy of a combination treatment of two modalities (Cetuximab, PDT) both in vivo and in vitro.

A novel splice site mutation in the EYA1 gene in a Korean family with branchio-oto (BO) syndrome.

Branchio-oto-renal (BOR) and branchio-oto (BO) syndromes are autosomal dominant hereditary disorders characterized by the presence of hearing loss and branchial fistulae and cysts, with (BOR syndrome) or without (BO syndrome) renal malformations of varying degrees of severity. Mutations in the human homologous of the Drosophila eyes absent (EYA1) gene are frequently the cause of BOR/BO syndrome. Here we describe a Korean family with BO syndrome; the proband had preauricular pit, cup-shaped auricles, branchial fistula, and hearing loss, without renal involvement.

Proapoptotic effects of NF-kappaB on cisplatin-induced cell death in auditory cell line.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is activated by cisplatin and plays a proapoptotic role during cell death in the auditory cell line HEI-OC1.

Objectives: Cisplatin is a very effective antineoplastic drug but in high doses it shows ototoxicity by inducing apoptosis of hair cells in the cochlea. NF-kappaB is a transcription factor regulating apoptosis in many organs and tissues.