Context: Fragility fractures in young adults present significant clinical challenges due to the limited evidence on the effectiveness of bisphosphonates in preventing subsequent fractures.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of bisphosphonate therapy in reducing the fracture risk among premenopausal women with a history of osteoporotic fractures.
Design: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) in South Korea, covering the years 2003 to 2014.
Low muscle mass is a risk factor for mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is not clear to what extent low muscle mass contributes to this risk, either independently or in combination with metabolic abnormalities and frailty. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006 and 2011-2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Metab (Seoul)
October 2024
Backgruound: Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare tumors with aggressive but varied prognosis. Stage, Grade, Resection status, Age, Symptoms (S-GRAS) score, based on clinical and pathological factors, was found to best stratify the prognosis of European ACC patients. This study assessed the prognostic performance of modified S-GRAS (mS-GRAS) scores including modified grade (mG) by integrating mitotic counts into the Ki67 index (original grade), in Korean ACC patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Metab (Seoul)
August 2024
This comprehensive review critically examines the detrimental impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on bone health, with a specific focus on substances such as bisphenol A (BPA), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), phthalates, and dioxins. These EDCs, by interfering with the endocrine system's normal functioning, pose a significant risk to bone metabolism, potentially leading to a heightened susceptibility to bone-related disorders and diseases. Notably, BPA has been shown to inhibit the differentiation of osteoblasts and promote the apoptosis of osteoblasts, which results in altered bone turnover status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: With the progressive increase in aging populations, the use of opportunistic computed tomography (CT) scanning is increasing, which could be a valuable method for acquiring information on both muscles and bones of aging populations.
Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate opportunistic CT-based fracture prediction models by using images of vertebral bones and paravertebral muscles.
Methods: The models were developed based on a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 1214 patients with abdominal CT images between 2010 and 2019.
We investigated the potential association between ketonuria during treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and its renoprotective effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. We included 192 patients who had received SGLT2 inhibitors for more than 6 months. After propensity score matching, 52 patients each were allocated into groups with or without ketonuria, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Metab (Seoul)
April 2024
This review article investigates solid organ transplantation-induced osteoporosis, a critical yet often overlooked issue, emphasizing its significance in post-transplant care. The initial sections provide a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence and multifactorial pathogenesis of transplantation osteoporosis, including factors such as deteriorating post-transplantation health, hormonal changes, and the impact of immunosuppressive medications. Furthermore, the review is dedicated to organ-specific considerations in transplantation osteoporosis, with separate analyses for kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplantations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Metab (Seoul)
April 2024
Backgruound: Parathyroid adenoma (PA) is a common endocrine disease linked to multiple complications, but the pathophysiology of the disease remains incompletely understood. The study aimed to identify the key regulator proteins and pathways of PA according to functionality and volume through quantitative proteomic analyses.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 15 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PA samples from tertiary hospitals in South Korea.
Previous studies have shown a correlation between resting heart rate (HR) measured by wearable devices and serum free thyroxine concentration in patients with thyroid dysfunction. We have developed a machine learning (ML)-assisted system that uses HR data collected from wearable devices to predict the occurrence of thyrotoxicosis in patients. HR monitoring data were collected using a wearable device for a period of 4 months in 175 patients with thyroid dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Postmenopausal individuals with type 2 diabetes are susceptible to fractures due to the interaction of elevated blood glucose levels and a deficiency of the hormone estrogen. Despite continued concerns of fracture risks associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), existing evidence in this high-risk population is lacking.
Objective: To assess the risk of fractures associated with SGLT2i vs incretin-based drugs of dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), separately, in postmenopausal individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Unlabelled: The need for an accurate country-specific real-world-based fracture prediction model is increasing. Thus, we developed scoring systems for osteoporotic fractures from hospital-based cohorts and validated them in an independent cohort in Korea. The model includes history of fracture, age, lumbar spine and total hip T-score, and cardiovascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
April 2023
Introduction: The study aimed to demonstrate the risk factors for fractures and to develop prediction models for major osteoporotic and hip fractures in osteopenic patients using the nationwide cohort study in South Korea.
Methods: The study was a retrospective nationwide study using the national screening program for transitional ages from the National Health Insurance Services database in Korea from 2008 to 2019. Primary outcomes were incident fracture events of major osteoporotic and hip fractures.
Objective: Diagnosing parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is complicated and controversial that early diagnosis and intervention are often difficult. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the protein signatures of PC through quantitative proteomic analyses to aid in the early and accurate diagnosis of PC.
Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study.
Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures cause socioeconomic concerns, and medical system and policies appear insufficient to prepare for these issues in Korea, where the older adult population is rapidly increasing. Many countries around the world are already responding to osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures by adopting fracture liaison service (FLS), and such an attempt has only begun in Korea. In this article, we introduce the operation methods for institutions implementing FLS and characteristics of services, and activities of the FLS Committee for FLS implementation in the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Interest in fractures in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has considerably increased in the last decade. However, few studies have compared the incidence of fractures between patients with MS and NMOSD using a nationwide database. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in the risk of fracture between patients with NMOSD and MS compared to that in healthy controls using cohort data from a Korean nationwide database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder with increasing incidence, while epidemiologic data in Asian population has been lacking. Therefore, we aimed to identify the incidence, prognosis, and prognostic factors of PHPT patients who underwent parathyroidectomy in Korea.
Methods: In this retrospective nationwide cohort, patients with PHPT were defined as those with diagnostic codes of PHPT and procedural codes for parathyroidectomy, excluding chronic renal failure or secondary hyperparathyroidism based on National Health Insurance Services database in Korea in 2002-2018.
Unlabelled: Fracture risk was elevated in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared with controls in this nationwide study. Among PD patients, the risk of fracture increased linearly with PD severity, whereas no difference in fracture risk was observed according to PD duration.
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is reported to be associated with a high risk of fractures.
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)
August 2022
Backgruound: Since image-based fracture prediction models using deep learning are lacking, we aimed to develop an X-ray-based fracture prediction model using deep learning with longitudinal data.
Methods: This study included 1,595 participants aged 50 to 75 years with at least two lumbosacral radiographs without baseline fractures from 2010 to 2015 at Seoul National University Hospital. Positive and negative cases were defined according to whether vertebral fractures developed during follow-up.
Background: A rapid increase in bone turnover and bone loss has been observed in response to the discontinuation of denosumab. It led to an acute increase in the fracture risk, similar to that observed in the untreated patients. We aimed to investigate the effect of denosumab on osteoclast (OC) precursor cells compared to that of zoledronate.
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