Establishment and Characterization of Endometrial Organoids from Different Placental Types.

Understanding the molecular characteristics and metabolic processes of the mammalian endometrium is crucial for advancing biological research, particularly in veterinary obstetrics and pathology. This study established and analyzed organoids from the endometrial epithelial stem cells of five mammals with different placental types: cows (cotyledonary), dogs and cats (zonary), pigs (diffuse), and rats (discoid). The organoids from these five species were maintained for over 13 passages, successfully frozen-thawed, and confirmed by pathological analysis to retain the characteristics of the original tissues.

Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and liver-related complications in individuals with diabetes: a Mendelian randomization and population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: No medication has been found to reduce liver-related events. We evaluated the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on liver-related outcomes.

Approach And Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SGLT2 inhibition were identified, and a genetic risk score (GRS) was computed using the UK Biobank data (n=337,138).

The landscape of PBMC methylome in canine mammary tumors reveals the epigenetic regulation of immune marker genes and its potential application in predicting tumor malignancy.

Background: Genome-wide dysregulation of CpG methylation accompanies tumor progression and characteristic states of cancer cells, prompting a rationale for biomarker development. Understanding how the archetypic epigenetic modification determines systemic contributions of immune cell types is the key to further clinical benefits.

Results: In this study, we characterized the differential DNA methylome landscapes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 76 canines using methylated CpG-binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq).

Different therapeutic associations of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors with coronavirus disease 2019 compared with usual pneumonia.

Background/aims: Although it is near concluded that renin-angiotensin system inhibitors do not have a harmful effect on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is no report about whether angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) offer any protective role. This study aimed to compare the association of ARBs and ACEIs with COVID-19-related mortality.

Methods: All patients with COVID-19 in Korea between January 19 and April 16, 2020 were enrolled.

Beneficial Effect of Statins in COVID-19-Related Outcomes-Brief Report: A National Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: Although statins are widely prescribed lipid-lowering drugs, there are concerns about the safety of their use in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), since statins increase the expression of ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). This study aimed to disclose the association between statins and 60-day COVID-19 mortality. Approach and Results: All patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in this study from January 19 to April 16, 2020, in Korea.

Alternative methylation of intron motifs is associated with cancer-related gene expression in both canine mammary tumor and human breast cancer.

Background: Canine mammary tumor (CMT) has long been considered as a good animal model for human breast cancer (HBC) due to their pathological and biological similarities. However, only a few aspects of the epigenome have been explored in both HBC and CMT. Moreover, DNA methylation studies have mainly been limited to the promoter regions of genes.

A randomized trial to determine the diagnostic accuracy of conventional vs. jumbo forceps biopsy of gastric epithelial neoplasias before endoscopic submucosal dissection; open-label study.

Background And Aims: Larger biopsy specimens or increasing the number of biopsies may improve the diagnostic accuracy of gastric epithelial neoplasia (GEN). The aims of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracies between conventional and jumbo forceps biopsy of GEN before endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and to confirm that increasing the number of biopsies is useful for the diagnosis of GEN.

Results: The concordance rate between EFB and ESD specimens was not significantly different between the two groups [83.

Second-look endoscopy is not associated with better clinical outcomes after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: a prospective, randomized, clinical trial analyzed on an as-treated basis.

Background: The efficacy of routine second-look endoscopy (SLE) to detect or prevent bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has not yet been validated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether SLE affects clinical outcomes including bleeding and morbidity after gastric ESD.

Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled study with consecutive data analyzed on an as-treated basis.

Performance of a full-scale biofilm system retrofitted with an upflow multilayer bioreactor as a preanoxic reactor for advanced wastewater treatment.

To enhance nitrogen removal in an existing microbial contact oxidation (MCO) system with a treatment capacity of 900 m3/d, an upflow multilayer bioreactor (UMBR) was chosen as a preanoxic reactor for the removal of organic matter and nitrate. The removal performance of the retrofitted plant was evaluated during the startup phase at a low temperature in winter. The high removal (>80%) of organic matter and suspended solids in the UMBR provided stable nitrification conditions in the MCO system, as a result of the substantial reduction in organic matter and solids loaded onto the MCO system.