Comparison of the Liverpool Causality Assessment Tool vs. the Naranjo Scale for predicting the likelihood of an adverse drug reaction: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the Liverpool Causality Assessment Tool vs. Naranjo Scale for screening suspected adverse drug reaction (ADR) cases.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patient charts with a history of suspected ADR, scored using both tools, and determined how each correlates with laboratory and other investigations.

Variable expression of the forgotten oncogene E5 in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer.

Background: The role of the HPV E6/E7 oncogenes in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) has been studied extensively, but the role of the viral E5 protein remains poorly understood. Studies in cervical cancer indicate that E5 increases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) recycling to the cell surface and enhances growth factor signal transduction.

Objective: This study was designed to examine the relationship between HPV E5, EGFR, and survival in HPV-positive HNSCC.