First Report of Anthracnose on Thunb. Caused by a Provisionally Novel Species of in the Magnum Complex in South Korea.

Thunb., also known as the evergreen spindle tree, is an evergreen tree, which is widely planted as a hedge plant along streets in South Korea. In April 2022, severe anthracnose symptoms were observed on the leaves of this tree in Jangsu in the Jeonbuk Province of the country (35°43'49.

SUMO1 degrader induces ER stress and ROS accumulation through deSUMOylation of TCF4 and inhibition of its transcription of StarD7 in colon cancer.

Small molecule degraders of small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) induce SUMO1 degradation in colon cancer cells and inhibits the cancer cell growth; however, it is unclear how SUMO1 degradation leads to the anticancer activity of the degraders. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen has identified StAR-related lipid transfer domain containing 7 (StarD7) as a critical gene for the degrader's anticancer activity. Here, we show that both StarD7 mRNA and protein are overexpressed in human colon cancer and its knockout significantly reduces colon cancer cell growth and xenograft progression.

Screening of Endophytic Fungal Isolates Against Causing Oak Wilt Disease in Korea.

Oak wilt disease caused by has emerged obviously in Korea. We selected antifungal isolates against among 368 endophytic fungal isolates from different parts of oak and pine trees. The experiment was conducted in the primary and secondary screenings by dual culture test.

Human galectin-9 on the porcine cells affects the cytotoxic activity of M1-differentiated THP-1 cells through inducing a shift in M2-differentiated THP-1 cells.

Background: In xenotransplantation, immune rejection by macrophages occurs rapidly and remains a major obstacle. Studies to control immune rejection in macrophages have been continuing to date. Recent studies have reported that human galectin-9 (hGal-9) can regulate the function of regulatory T cells (Treg), as well as cytotoxicity T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK).

The potentiating effect of hTFPI in the presence of hCD47 reduces the cytotoxicity of human macrophages.

Background: In pig-to-human xenotransplantation, hyperacute rejection of pig organs could be overcome by the production of α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pigs. However, macrophage-mediated acute rejection is another obstacle that needs to be overcome. Among the various candidate genes involved in acute rejection, CD47 inhibits monocyte/macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by identifying the CD47 signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRP-α) as self/non-self.

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophages of gnotobiotic miniature swine.

There is no sufficient porcine specific antibody available to investigate the ontogeny and development of porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PAM). Therefore, several mouse anti-porcine macrophage mAbs have been produced and characterized in this study. First, the monoclonal antibody PM18-7, an IgG1, kappa isotype, bound to 91% of PAM, 6% of monocytes, and 2% of granulocytes indicating PM18-7 was found to be PAM specific.