Evaluation of whole and core genome multilocus sequence typing allele schemes for outbreak detection in a national surveillance network, PulseNet USA.

is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne and zoonotic illnesses in the United States. For this study, we applied four different whole genome sequencing (WGS)-based subtyping methods: high quality single-nucleotide polymorphism (hqSNP) analysis, whole genome multilocus sequence typing using either all loci [wgMLST (all loci)] and only chromosome-associated loci [wgMLST (chrom)], and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to a dataset of isolate sequences from 9 well-characterized outbreaks. For each outbreak, we evaluated the genomic and epidemiologic concordance between hqSNP and allele-based methods.

Evaluation of core genome and whole genome multilocus sequence typing schemes for and outbreak detection in the USA.

is a leading causing of bacterial foodborne and zoonotic illnesses in the USA. Pulsed-field gene electrophoresis (PFGE) and 7-gene multilocus sequence typing (MLST) have been historically used to differentiate sporadic from outbreak isolates. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has been shown to provide superior resolution and concordance with epidemiological data when compared with PFGE and 7-gene MLST during outbreak investigations.

A disposable on-chip microvalve and pump for programmable microfluidics.

In this work, a low-cost PDMS micro-pump and -valve have been designed and developed to control multiple reagents for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a programmable lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platform. The micro pump and valves were precisely controlled by selectively pressurizing the PDMS channels and chamber to actuate the multiple reagents in a controlled manner. Selective pressurizing of the PDMS structures was initiated by a simple system that maneuvered a single roller bar operated by a programmed microprocessor.

A smart pipette for equipment-free separation and delivery of plasma for on-site whole blood analysis.

A novel device of smart pipette has been suggested to extract and deliver plasma from whole blood in a disposable format. By operating an on-chip disposable micropump, approximately 30 μL of plasma was obtained from 100 μL of whole blood within 5 min without any external equipment for point-of-care blood analysis.