Evaluation of the ability of commercial wine yeasts to form biofilms (mats) and adhere to plastic: implications for the microbiota of the winery environment.

Commercially available active dried wine yeasts are regularly used by winemakers worldwide to achieve reliable fermentations and obtain quality wine. This practice has led to increased evidence of traces of commercial wine yeast in the vineyard, winery and uninoculated musts. The mechanism(s) that enables commercial wine yeast to persist in the winery environment and the influence to native microbial communities on this persistence is poorly understood.

Interaction between physical activity and television time on blood pressure level: cross-sectional data from 45 000 individuals.

Objectives: The aim was to investigate if there is an interaction between sitting time and leisure time physical activity on blood pressure and if there are age differences and sex differences in this respect.

Methods: Linear regression analysis on cross-sectional data was performed in more than 45 000 men and women from two Swedish cohort studies, EpiHealth (45-75 years) and LifeGene (18-45 years). Self-reported leisure time physical activity was given in five levels from low (level 1) to vigorous physical activity (level 5) and television time was used as a proxy measure of sitting time.

Impact of Aging on the Strength of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal Study Over 40 Years.

Background: The knowledge of the impact of cardiovascular risk factors at different ages has mainly been based on different studies performed at different ages. This study aimed to investigate the change in impact of traditional cardiovascular risk factors over the aging process in subjects followed for 4 decades.

Methods And Results: In the ULSAM (Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men) study, 2322 men originally investigated in 1970 to 1974 have been followed regarding cardiovascular diseases until the end of 2013.

Trends in presentation, treatment and survival of 1777 patients with colorectal cancer over a decade: a Biobank study.

Background: Most survival data in colorectal cancer (CRC) is derived from clinical trials or register-based studies. Hospital Biobanks, linked with hospital electronic records, could serve as a data-gathering method based on consecutively collected tumor samples. The aim of this Biobank study was to analyze survival of colorectal patients diagnosed and treated in a single-center university hospital over a period of 12 years, and to evaluate factors contributing to outcome.

Methylation-based estimated biological age and cardiovascular disease.

Background: DNA methylation changes over life at specific sites in the genome, which can be used to estimate "biological age." The aim of this population-based longitudinal cohort study was to investigate the association between estimated biological age and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Materials And Methods: Based on formulas published by Hannum et al and Horvath et al, "biological age" was calculated using data from the Illumina 450k Bead Methylation chip in 832 participants free from cardiovascular disease in the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study (50% women, all aged 70 years at the examination).

Body size and risk of atrial fibrillation: a cohort study of 1.1 million young men.

Background: Whilst tall stature has been related to lower risk of vascular disease, it has been proposed as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. Little is known about other anthropometric measures and their joint effects on risk of atrial fibrillation.

Objectives: We aim to investigate associations and potential joint effects of height, weight, body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI) with risk of atrial fibrillation.

Application of directed evolution to develop ethanol tolerant Oenococcus oeni for more efficient malolactic fermentation.

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important step in winemaking, which can be notoriously unreliable due to the fastidious nature of Oenococcus oeni. This study aimed to use directed evolution (DE) to produce a more robust strain of O. oeni having the ability to withstand high ethanol concentrations.

PWP1 Mediates Nutrient-Dependent Growth Control through Nucleolar Regulation of Ribosomal Gene Expression.

Ribosome biogenesis regulates animal growth and is controlled by nutrient-responsive mTOR signaling. How ribosome biogenesis is regulated during the developmental growth of animals and how nutrient-responsive signaling adjusts ribosome biogenesis in this setting have remained insufficiently understood. We uncover PWP1 as a chromatin-associated regulator of developmental growth with a conserved role in RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-mediated rRNA transcription.

Gastric cancer: immunohistochemical classification of molecular subtypes and their association with clinicopathological characteristics.

Gastric cancer is traditionally divided into intestinal and diffuse histological subtypes, but recent molecular analyses have led to novel classification proposals based on genomic alterations. While the intestinal- and diffuse-type tumours are distinguishable from each other at the molecular level, intestinal-type tumours have more diverse molecular profile. The technology required for comprehensive molecular analysis is expensive and not applicable for routine clinical diagnostics.

Targeted proteomic analysis of habitual coffee consumption.

Background: Coffee drinking has been implicated in mortality and a variety of diseases but potential mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear. Large-scale systems epidemiological approaches may offer novel insights to mechanisms underlying associations of coffee with health.

Objective: We performed an analysis of known and novel protein markers linked to cardiovascular disease and their association with habitual coffee intake in the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS, n = 816) and followed up top proteins in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM, n = 635) and EpiHealth (n = 2418).

A user-friendly risk-score for predicting in-hospital cardiac arrest among patients admitted with suspected non ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome - The SAFER-score.

Aim: To develop a simple risk-score model for predicting in-hospital cardiac arrest (CA) among patients hospitalized with suspected non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Methods: Using the Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART), we identified patients (n=242 303) admitted with suspected NSTE-ACS between 2008 and 2014. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between 26 candidate variables and in-hospital CA.

Circulating proteins as predictors of incident heart failure in the elderly.

Aims: To identify novel risk markers for incident heart failure using proteomic profiling of 80 proteins previously associated with cardiovascular pathology.

Methods And Results: Proteomic profiling (proximity extension assay) was performed in two community-based prospective cohorts of elderly individuals without heart failure at baseline: the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors [PIVUS, n = 901, median age 70.2 (interquartile range 70.

Quantifying the dominant growth mechanisms of dimorphic yeast using a lattice-based model.

A mathematical model is presented for the growth of yeast that incorporates both dimorphic behaviour and nutrient diffusion. The budding patterns observed in the standard and pseudohyphal growth modes are represented by a bias in the direction of cell proliferation. A set of spatial indices is developed to quantify the morphology and compare the relative importance of the directional bias to nutrient concentration and diffusivity on colony shape.

Ezrin expression combined with MSI status in prognostication of stage II colorectal cancer.

Currently used factors predicting disease recurrence in stage II colorectal cancer patients are not optimal for risk stratification. Thus, new biomarkers are needed. In this study the applicability of ezrin protein expression together with MSI status and BRAF mutation status were tested in predicting disease outcome in stage II colorectal cancer.

Low-Dose Aspirin Discontinuation and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Swedish Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: There are increasing concerns about risks associated with aspirin discontinuation in the absence of major surgery or bleeding. We investigated whether long-term low-dose aspirin discontinuation and treatment gaps increase the risk of cardiovascular events.

Methods: We performed a cohort study of 601 527 users of low-dose aspirin for primary or secondary prevention in the Swedish prescription register between 2005 and 2009 who were >40 years of age, were free from previous cancer, and had ≥80% adherence during the first observed year of treatment.

Correction: Effect of Insulin Resistance on Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Levels: A Multi-cohort Non-targeted Metabolomics and Mendelian Randomization Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.

Eosinophil Cationic Protein, Carotid Plaque, and Incidence of Stroke.

Background And Purpose: ECP (eosinophil cationic protein) is a marker of eosinophil activity and degranulation, which has been linked to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We examined the relationship between ECP, carotid plaque, and incidence of stroke in a prospective population-based cohort.

Methods: The subjects participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study between 1991 and 1994.

Reference Intervals for Fecal Calprotectin in Adults Using Two Different Extraction Methods in the Uppsala-SCAPIS Cohort.

Background: Fecal calprotectin measurement is generally recommended to exclude inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with suspected IBD. A problem with the fecal calprotectin assays so far has been the rather long test-turnaround times. Recently a particle enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) for fecal calprotectin with assay times of approximately 10 minutes has been introduced on the European market.

Use of Proteomics To Investigate Kidney Function Decline over 5 Years.

Background And Objectives: Using a discovery/replication approach, we investigated associations between a multiplex panel of 80 circulating proteins associated with cardiovascular pathology or inflammation, and eGFR decline per year and CKD incidence.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We used two cohorts, the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors Study (PIVUS; =687, mean age of 70 years, 51% women) and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; =360 men, mean age of 78 years), with 5-year follow-up data on eGFR. There were 231 and 206 incident cases of CKD during follow-up in the PIVUS and ULSAM studies, respectively.

Erratum: Genetic loci associated with heart rate variability and their effects on cardiac disease risk.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15805.

Time-based measures of treatment effect: reassessment of ticagrelor and clopidogrel from the PLATO trial.

Objective: Treatment effects to binary endpoints using time-to-event data in randomised controlled trials are typically summarised by reporting HRs derived with Cox proportional hazard models. Alternative and complementary methods include summarising the between-treatment differences on the metric time scale, quantifying the effect as delay of the event (DoE). The aim of this study was to reassess data from the PLATO study expressing the effects as the time by which the main outcomes are delayed or hastened due to treatment.