The expectations and experiences of patients regarding the diagnostic workup at a specialized memory clinic: An interview study.

Background: Because of the shift towards earlier diagnosis of dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease (AD), increasing numbers of individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are seen in memory clinics. Yet, evidence indicates that there is room for improvement when it comes to tailoring of the diagnostic work-up to the needs of individual patients. To optimize the quality of care, we explored patients' perspectives regarding the diagnostic work-up at a specialized memory clinic.

The urologist's role in bowel management of adult spina bifida: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Urologists are central to the coordinated care of patients with spina bifida (SB), and efforts to optimize bladder management and protection of the upper tracts are well established. However, the urologist's role in treating this population often extends to the management of bowel dysfunction which may be less defined. The methods available to the urologist for bowel management range from lifestyle modifications to medical and surgical therapy, with many patients requiring combinations of multiple strategies to combat conflicting symptoms of constipation and fecal incontinence (FI).

Insufficient use of menopausal hormone therapy in Swedish women with early or premature menopause caused by bilateral oophorectomy: a register-based study.

Objective: To investigate the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in premenopausal women after bilateral oophorectomy.

Design: Retrospective register-based cohort study.

Setting: Sweden.

Patterns of prescription and discontinuation of contraceptives for Swedish women with obesity and normal-weight women.

This study aimed to explore the prescription of different contraceptive methods to Swedish women with obesity and to compare the pattern of prescription and adherence to treatment between this group and normal-weight women. This study included 371 women with obesity and 744 matched normal-weight women, aged 18-40. Medical records were scrutinised for the period 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014.

Coenzyme Q10 dose-escalation study in hemodialysis patients: safety, tolerability, and effect on oxidative stress.

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation improves mitochondrial coupling of respiration to oxidative phosphorylation, decreases superoxide production in endothelial cells, and may improve functional cardiac capacity in patients with congestive heart failure. There are no studies evaluating the safety, tolerability and efficacy of varying doses of CoQ10 in chronic hemodialysis patients, a population subject to increased oxidative stress.

Methods: We performed a dose escalation study to test the hypothesis that CoQ10 therapy is safe, well-tolerated, and improves biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients receiving hemodialysis therapy.

Contraceptive knowledge and attitudes among women seeking induced abortion in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Objective: To map the knowledge about and attitudes toward birth control methods among women in Kathmandu, Nepal, and to compare the results between women seeking an induced abortion and a control group.

Method: This was a cross-sectional cohort study with matched controls. Women aged 15-49 years seeking medical care at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Kathmandu Medical College were included and interviewed.

Development of a predictive energy equation for maintenance hemodialysis patients: a pilot study.

Objective: The study objectives were to explore the predictors of measured resting energy expenditure (mREE) among a sample of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, to generate a predictive energy equation (MHDE), and to compare such models to another commonly used predictive energy equation in nutritional care, the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation (MSJE).

Design And Methods: The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional cohort design conducted at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

Glycemic load is associated with oxidative stress among prevalent maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Background: High glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased levels of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in the general population. Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are known to have excessive oxidative stress burden and inflammation. In this study, we examined the relationship between dietary GI or GL and markers of oxidative stress or inflammation among prevalent MHD patients.

Insulin resistance and protein metabolism in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Objective: Loss of lean body mass (sarcopenia) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (CHD). Insulin resistance (IR), which is highly prevalent in patients receiving CHD, has been proposed to play a critical role in the development of sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of IR on amino acid metabolism in patients receiving CHD.

A pilot study of active vitamin D administration and insulin resistance in African American patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Objective: Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in multiple patient populations, including those undergoing chronic hemodialysis (CHD). Active vitamin D deficiency has been proposed to play a role in the extent of IR observed in patients with CHD. We postulated that administration of paracalcitol, an active vitamin D medication, influences IR in patients with CHD.

A comparison of novel and commonly-used indices of insulin sensitivity in African American chronic hemodialysis patients.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is highly prevalent in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients and is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp (HEGC) is the gold standard for measuring IR. The comparison of commonly-used indirect indices of IR to HEGC has not been adequately performed in this population.

The effect of resistance exercise to augment long-term benefits of intradialytic oral nutritional supplementation in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Background: Resistance exercise combined with intradialytic oral nutrition (IDON) supplementation improves net protein balance in the acute setting in chronic hemodialysis patients. We hypothesized that combination of long-term resistance exercise and IDON would improve markers of muscle mass and strength further compared with IDON alone.

Methods: Thirty-two participants (21 male; mean age, 43 ± 13 years) on chronic hemodialysis were randomly assigned to IDON plus resistance exercise (NS + EX), or IDON (NS) alone for 6 months.

Oral protein supplementation alone improves anabolism in a dose-dependent manner in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Objective: We examined the protein anabolic effects of Pro-Stat 64, a high nitrogen-containing, enzyme-hydrolyzed, tryptophan-fortified, collagen protein supplement administrated during hemodialysis, at two different dosing regimens.

Design: This was a randomized, controlled, prospective study with 3 different groups: control, single dose of supplementation, and double dose of supplementation.

Setting: This study was performed at a clinical research center.

Body composition and physical activity in end-stage renal disease.

Objective: The study objective was to examine the relationship between visceral and somatic protein stores and physical activity in individuals with end-stage renal disease.

Design: This was a prospective single-center study.

Setting: The study took place at the Vanderbilt University Outpatient Dialysis Unit and General Clinical Research Center.

Alcohol Withdrawal, Psychological Symptoms, and Treatment Success.

Twenty-nine chronic male alcoholics were examined with the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Tests with the POMS scale were carried out on the ward on Days 1 and 5 and after 21 days of sobriety. Our aim was to study the mood change in chronic alcoholics during detoxification and after 3 weeks of sobriety compared with a standard group (college students) and with psychiatric outpatients.

Improved stability and release control of levodopa and metaraminol using ion-exchange fibers and transdermal iontophoresis.

Achievement of controlled drug delivery and stability of drugs during storage is a problem also in transdermal drug delivery. The objective of this study was to determine, whether an easily oxidized drug, levodopa, could be stabilized during storage using pH-adjustment and ion-exchange fibers. Controlled transdermal delivery of the zwitterionic levodopa was attempted by iontophoresis and ion-exchange fiber.

Sex hormones during alcohol withdrawal: a longitudinal study of 29 male alcoholics during detoxification.

It is a well-known fact that alcohol affects sex hormone levels in males. Even in the absence of liver dysfunction, there is still a direct toxic effect of ethanol on testosterone synthesis resulting in acutely decreased values. This study is based on 29 male alcoholics without severe signs of liver disease treated on the alcohol detoxification ward at Huddinge hospital in Stockholm, Sweden during 1995.

B16 melanoma in hairless mice: a model for thermographic research.

Little is understood concerning the mechanism of tumor-induced thermographic abnormalities observed in man. An ideal animal model is lacking. In an effort to create such a model we have worked with hairless mice, subcutaneously inoculated with B16 melanoma cells.