Competitive Pasture Species to Suppress the Growth of Annual Riceflower ( Lindl.) at Different Planting Densities and Spatial Arrangements.

This study assessed the effectiveness of four competitive pasture species-Premier digit grass ( Steud. var. Premier), Rhodes grass ( Kunth.

Towards Pathogen-Free Coconut Germplasm Exchange.

Coconut ( L.) is an important palm species that serves as the mainstay of several industries and contributes to the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers. International exchange of coconut germplasm has been undertaken for several decades to facilitate the conservation of selected varieties within global genebanks and for the distribution to farmers and scientists.

Chemical Management Strategies of Lindl. Using Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides.

Lindl. is a native Australian forb responsible for livestock poisoning and reducing the productivity and sustainability of grazing enterprises. This study was conducted as a pot trial under controlled conditions to investigate an effective chemical management strategy for , a method that did not leave standing dead plant material, as such material can also be toxic to grazing cattle.

Capsicum chinense Jacq.-derived glutaredoxin (CcGRXS12) alters redox status of the cells to confer resistance against pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-I).

The CcGRXS12 gene protects plants from cellular oxidative damage that are caused by both biotic and abiotic stresses. The protein possesses GSH-disulphide oxidoreductase property but lacks Fe-S cluster assembly mechanism. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small, ubiquitous and multi-functional proteins.

Environmental Effects during Early Life-History Stages and Seed Development on Seed Functional Traits of an Australian Native Legume Species.

Understanding how seed functional traits interact with environmental factors to determine seedling recruitment is critical to assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem restoration. This study focused on the effects of environmental factors on the mother plant during early plant life history stages and during seed development. A.

Poisonous Plants of the Genus : A Menace for the Australian Livestock Industry.

is a genus of about 140 plant species, some of which are well-known for causing animal poisoning resulting in significant economic losses to the Australian livestock industry. The main poisonous species/subspecies include (subsp. and subsp.

Chemical Management of (Fireweed).

Fireweed ( Poir.) is a herbaceous weed-producing pyrrolizidine alkaloid that is poisonous to livestock. To investigate the efficacy of chemical management on fireweed and its soil seed bank density, a field experiment was conducted in Beechmont, Queensland, in 2018 within a pasture community.

Coconut Callus Initiation for Cell Suspension Culture.

The development of a cell suspension culture system for the scaling up of coconut embryogenic callus (EC) production would drastically improve efforts to achieve the large-scale production of high-quality clonal plantlets. To date, the hard nature of coconut EC appeared to be the main constraint for developing cell suspension cultures. Hence, this study attempted to acquire friable EC through the following approaches: The manipulation of (1) medium type and subculture frequency, (2) a reduced 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid concentration during subculture, (3) the nitrate level and the ammonium-to-nitrate ratio, and the addition of amino acid mixture, (4) the addition of L-proline, and (5) the reduction of medium nutrients.

Transcriptome Analysis of Over-Expressing Wheat Roots Reveals Ferroptosis-like Cell Death in Heat Stress Recovery.

Wheat ( L.) growing areas in many regions of the world are subject to heat waves which are predicted to increase in frequency because of climate change. The engineering of crop plants can be a useful strategy to mitigate heat stress-caused yield losses.

Fruit Biology of Coconut ( L.).

Coconut ( L.) is an important perennial crop adapted to a wide range of habitats. Although global coconut demand has increased sharply over the past few years, its production has been decreasing due to palm senility, as well as abiotic and biotic stresses.

Cloning Coconut via Somatic Embryogenesis: A Review of the Current Status and Future Prospects.

Coconut [  L.] is often called "the tree of life" because of its many uses in the food, beverage, medicinal, and cosmetic industries. Currently, more than 50% of the palms grown throughout the world are senile and need to be replanted immediately to ensure production levels meet the present and increasing demand for coconut products.

Ferroptosis: Yet Another Way to Die.

Cell death is one of the most fundamental biological processes operating in multicellular organisms. Recent research highlighted here [Distéfano et al. (J.

Rapid and Quantitative CELD Assay to Measure the Specificity of Transcription Factor-DNA-Binding Interactions and Identify cis-Elements.

Specific interaction between transcription factor (TF) and cis-regulatory elements in the context of chromatin is the key to determining gene expression. Thus, it is important to measure DNA-binding specificity and identify cis-elements of TFs of your interest. In this chapter, we described a microwell-based assay to determine DNA-binding specificity by using translational fusion of a TF with a highly active cellulase (CELD), which hydrolyzes 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-cellobioside to a fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferone product.

Overexpression of TaCML20, a calmodulin-like gene, enhances water soluble carbohydrate accumulation and yield in wheat.

Calcium (Ca ) is a universal messenger that mediates intracellular responses to extracellular stimuli in living organisms. Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are the important Ca sensors in plants that decode Ca -signatures to execute downstream intracellular level responses. Several studies indicate the interlinking of Ca and sugar signaling in plants; however, no genes have been functionally characterized to provide molecular evidence.

Identification and Functional Characterization of Sugarcane Invertase Inhibitor (): A Potential Candidate for Reducing Pre- and Post-harvest Loss of Sucrose in Sugarcane.

In sugarcane, invertase enzymes play a key role in sucrose accumulation and are also involved in futile reactions where sucrose is continuously degraded during the pre- and post-harvest period, thereby reducing sugar yield and recovery. Invertase inhibitor (INVINH) proteins play a key role in post-translation regulation of plant invertases through which sucrose hydrolysis is controlled. INVINH proteins are small (18 kDa) members of the pectin methylesterase inhibitor superfamily and they are moderately conserved across plants.

Heat shock factor C2a serves as a proactive mechanism for heat protection in developing grains in wheat via an ABA-mediated regulatory pathway.

High temperature at grain filling can severely reduce wheat yield. Heat shock factors (Hsfs) are central regulators in heat acclimation. This study investigated the role of TaHsfC2a, a member of the monocot-specific HsfC2 subclass, in the regulation of heat protection genes in Triticum aestivum.

A PHD in histone language: on the role of histone methylation in plant responses to phosphate deficiency.

Post-translational modifications of core histones are important for various DNA-templated processes such as transcription and repair. We recently reported that the ALFIN LIKE 6 (AL6) gene, identified in a forward genetic screen, is critical for phosphate deficiency-induced root hair formation and several other processes associated with the regulation of cellular phosphate homeostasis. AL6 contains a Plant Homeo Domain (PHD) finger that can bind to trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4me3).

PFT1-controlled ROS balance is critical for multiple stages of root hair development in Arabidopsis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play key roles in cellular decision making and signal integration in multicellular organisms. In roots, ROS levels are managed by the action of peroxidases and NAPDH oxidases, resulting in a distinct spatial distribution of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide (O₂(-)) that is critical for the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition, ROS is required for the determination of the cell shape of root hairs.

ALFIN-LIKE 6 is involved in root hair elongation during phosphate deficiency in Arabidopsis.

Phosphate (Pi) starvation in plants induces dense and elongated root hairs, which increase the absorptive surface area of the roots and play a critical role in Pi uptake. The molecular mechanism underlying these changes remains unclear. Forward and reverse genetic approaches were employed to identify novel genes involved in root hair formation on Pi starvation.

PFT1, a transcriptional Mediator complex subunit, controls root hair differentiation through reactive oxygen species (ROS) distribution in Arabidopsis.

Root hair morphogenesis is driven by an amalgam of interacting processes controlled by complex signaling events. Redox processes and transcriptional control are critical for root hair development. However, the molecular mechanisms that integrate redox state and transcription are largely unknown.