Temporary Keratoprosthesis and Primary Corneal Graft for Ocular Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: When severe retinal and corneal injury occur together, a temporary keratoprosthesis (TKP) is often a last resort to allow posterior segment visualization to enable vitreoretinal surgery, followed by a penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) which can restore corneal clarity in a single operation. We aimed to assess visual outcomes following combined PKP and vitreoretinal surgery with the use of a TKP for cases of ocular trauma.

Design: A systematic literature review was performed following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023423518).

Improving visual outcomes in patients with rare paediatric eye diseases.

Introduction: Rare paediatric eye diseases (RPEDs) threaten both vision and life. Recently, rare diseases were recognised as a global public health agenda, with children specified as a priority in the World Health Organization's VISION 2020 against avoidable visual loss.

Method: We conducted a review through a query of online databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library).

Geometric morphometric anatomy of the lacrimal punctum in normal population: Punctum update (PUP) study - Paper 5.

Background: To investigate the geometric morphological differences of the lacrimal punctum by analyzing its shape in relation to age and sex in a normal population.

Methods: 960 high-magnification slit-lamp images were obtained from 320 puncta of normal asymptomatic Indian individuals across eight decades of life. Using advanced geometric morphometric techniques, including Elliptic Fourier Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, the intricate details of the lacrimal punctum's shape in a diverse population sample were categorized by age and sex.

The Risk of Sympathetic Ophthalmia Associated with Open-Globe Injury Management Strategies: A Meta-analysis.

Topic: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a sight-threatening granulomatous panuveitis caused by a sensitizing event. Primary enucleation or primary evisceration, versus primary repair, as a risk management strategy after open-globe injury (OGI) remains controversial.

Clinical Relevance: This systematic review was conducted to report the incidence of SO after primary repair compared with that of after primary enucleation or primary evisceration.

Scanning electron microscopic features of lacrimal drainage silastic stents: Comparison of various Crawford and large-diameter stents.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differences in the biofilms and physical deposits on Crawford stents compared to large-diameter stents.

Methods: A prospective interventional study was performed on a series of patients undergoing external or endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and endoluminal lacrimal duct recanalization (ELDR) with either Crawford or large-diameter stents. All the Crawford stents were retrieved at six weeks and the large-diameter ones at eight weeks following the surgical intervention.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy for orbital and periorbital tumors: a major review.

Traditionally, for patients who are poor candidates for surgery and/or radiotherapy, palliative chemotherapy is often offered but with significant toxic side effects. However, recent advancements in our understanding of tumor biology and molecular genetics have brought new understanding to the molecular pathways of certain tumors and cancers. This has ushered in a new era of precision medicine specific to a tumor or cancer treatment pathway (targeted therapy) or directed to host-tumor responses (immunotherapy).

Mapping the Posterior Ledge and Optic Foramen in Orbital Floor Blowout Fractures.

 The posterior ledge (PL) is a vital structure that supports the implant posteriorly during orbital floor reconstruction. This study describes a technique for mapping the PL in relation to the infraorbital margin (IM) in patients with orbital floor blowout fractures. This study establishes the location of the optic foramen in relation to the PL.

The Use of Preoperative Prophylactic Systemic Antibiotics for the Prevention of Endopthalmitis in Open Globe Injuries: A Meta-Analysis.

Topic: This study reports the effect of systemic prophylactic antibiotics (and their route) on the risk of endophthalmitis after open globe injury (OGI).

Clinical Relevance: Endophthalmitis is a major complication of OGI; it can lead to rapid sight loss in the affected eye. The administration of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is common practice in some health care systems, although there is no consensus on their use.

Porocarcinoma with orbital metastasis, a case report with review of literature.

We present a patient who presented with an orbital mass lesion which was a metastatic lesion from a porocarcinoma of the scalp with progressive deterioration of the patient.A 78-year-old male presented with functional decline and a rapidly growing scalp lesion of 3 months duration. In addition to the scalp lesion, Computed Tomography showed an incidental finding of a left lateral orbital wall tumour.

Practice patterns in revision dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the practice patterns while performing revision dacryocystorhinostomy (RevDCR) amongst oculoplastic surgeons from several regions across the globe.

Methods: The survey consisted of 41 specific questions sent via email that contained a link to the Google forms. The questions covered several aspects of the respondents' practice profiles, evaluation methods, pre-operative choices, surgical techniques, and follow-up preferences while dealing with patients of prior failed DCRs.

Orbital and ocular perfusion in thyroid eye disease.

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by enlargement of extraocular muscles, an increase in retrobulbar fat, orbital fibrosis, and fluctuations in plasma thyroid hormone levels in most patients, often associated with raised autoantibody titers. The occurrence of orbital space conflict compromises the orbital perfusion, unchecked progression of which results in irreversible loss of visual acuity and visual fields. The quantitative assessment of orbital perfusion can be done by measurement of blood flow velocities in the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV), ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and posterior ciliary artery by color Doppler imaging.

The Management of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN).

The rise of primary topical monotherapy with chemotherapeutic drugs and immunomodulatory agents represents an increasing recognition of the medical management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), which may replace surgery as the standard of care in the future. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the best way to manage OSSN with no existing guidelines to date. This paper seeks to evaluate evidence surrounding available treatment modalities and proposes an approach to management.

Globe and Adnexal Trauma Terminology Survey.

Importance: Ocular trauma terminology should be periodically updated to enable comprehensive capturing and monitoring of ocular trauma in clinical and research settings.

Objective: To update terminology for globe and adnexal trauma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A 2-round modified Delphi survey was conducted from January 1 to July 31, 2021, using an expert panel, including 69 ophthalmologists identified through their membership in ophthalmology (globe and adnexal trauma) societies.

Prophylactic Intraoperative Nasolacrimal Duct Intubation in Surgical Treatment of Facial Fractures-Is There a Role?

Nasolacrimal duct (NLD) damage is associated in the majority of type II and III naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures. Our study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic NLD intubation in the setting of facial fractures, by comparing incidence of postoperative epiphora and wound infection. A retrospective matched control study was conducted on all patients with surgically treated facial fractures from 2008 to 2013 (  = 280) (IRB ref number: DSRB 2013/01198).

Necrosis of uveal melanoma post-COVID-19 vaccination.

A 49-year-old Indian male presented with rapidly progressive vision loss 1 day after receiving the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech, NY, USA). The eye had secondary angle closure glaucoma, bullous retinal detachment, and massive intraocular hemorrhage. Ultrasound showed an ill-defined subretinal mass with moderate internal reflectivity.

The application of clinical registries in ophthalmic trauma-the International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES).

Ophthalmic trauma is a leading cause of preventable monocular blindness worldwide. The prevalence of ophthalmic trauma varies considerably based on geographic location, socio-economic status, age groups, occupation, and cultural practices such as firework celebrations. Clinical registries are known to be valuable in guiding the diagnosis, management, and prognostication of complex diseases.

Prebending of Prefabricated Orbital Implants: Towards Improved Orbital Angle Symmetry Post Craniofacial Trauma Surgery.

Purpose: Reconstructive surgery after craniofacial trauma aim to restore orbital anatomy for function and aesthetic reasons. The purpose of this study is to improve postoperative orbital symmetry with the use of prebent prefabricated titanium implants.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with combined unilateral medial wall and floor fractures who underwent orbital reconstruction surgery were selected.