Relationship Between Body-Specific Attention to a Paretic Limb and Real-World Arm Use in Stroke Patients: A Longitudinal Study.

Learned nonuse is a major problem in upper limb (UL) rehabilitation after stroke. Among the various factors that contribute to learned nonuse, recent studies have focused on body representation of the paretic limb in the brain. We previously developed a method to measure body-specific attention, as a marker of body representation of the paretic limb and revealed a decline in body-specific attention to the paretic limb in chronic stroke patients by a cross-sectional study.

A Patient with a Unilateral Insular Lesion Showing Bilaterally Reduced Perception of Noxious Stimulation.

No study has reported a unilateral localized cerebral lesion of the posterior insula bilaterally reducing noxious stimuli perception. A 57-year-old man with an infarct involving the right posterior insula presented with reduced somatosensory response in the upper and lower left extremities. Furthermore, there was a reduced response to noxious stimulation in the right upper and lower limbs.

Practical use of a simple technique, insertion of wet cotton pledgets into the tumor resection cavity in transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary tumors, for a better comparison between pre- and intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance images.

Background: Intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) is a useful modality for immediate intraoperative quality control. With iMRI, a surgeon can confirm whether tumor remnants exist during surgery; which makes it possible to add further resection, obtain a higher resection rate, and improve the cure rate. It is sometimes difficult to evaluate the existence of tumor remnants when the tumor resection cavity is collapsed.

Usefulness of multimodal examination and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging system in glioma surgery.

Extensive surgical removal of tumor tissue can contribute to longer survival for patients with gliomas. Intraoperative magnetic resonance (iMR) imaging is important for safe and maximal resection of brain tumors. A new operating room equipped with a 1.

[Long-term outcomes of surgical treatment for epidermoid].

Objective: Surgical strategies for epidermoids in our department is that the tumor capsule and surrounding arachnoid membrane should be sharply dissected and resected as much as possible. However, if total resection is not possible, because of the danger of surgical morbidity, partial resection should be carried out. The present study reports on long-term outcomes of surgical treatment for intracranial epidermoid in our department.

Frequent IDH1/2 mutations in intracranial chondrosarcoma: a possible diagnostic clue for its differentiation from chordoma.

Mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 have been detected in a significant proportion of diffuse gliomas and in a small fraction of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. Recently, in an examination of various types of mesenchymal tumor, IDH1/2 mutations were only found in cartilaginous tumors including central conventional and periosteal enchondromas/chondrosarcomas. The frequency of IDH1/2 mutations was 56%, and the IDH1 R132C mutation, which is not common in diffuse gliomas or AML, accounted for 40% of these mutations.

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor located in the pineal region following prophylactic irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare entity. In the central nervous system, AT/RT generally arises from the posterior fossa of infants and behaves aggressively. AT/RT is reported to arise from the infratentorial region (63%) and other sites, such as the suprasellar region, cerebellopontine angle, and spinal cord.

The alterations of oligodendrocyte, myelin in corpus callosum, and cognitive dysfunction following chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.

Although the white matter lesions, so called leuko-araiosis, often seen in elderly people have been gaining attention due to their association with cognitive dysfunction (CD) and high risk of incident stroke, the pathological significance of these lesions still remains controversial. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the alterations in oligodendrocytes (OLG), including oligodendrocytes progenitor cells (OPCs), myelin, and CD following chronic cerebral ischemia in rats. SD rats were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.

Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in the successful surgical treatment of an arteriovenous malformation--case report.

A 44-year-old female presented with left occipital arteriovenous malformation (AVM) manifesting as sudden onset of severe headache. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and conventional angiography showed the left occipital AVM with hemorrhage. Intraoperative MR imaging (iMR imaging) and intraoperative time-resolved imaging of contrast-kinetics (iTRICKS) at 1.

Technical notes on endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach for clival chondrosarcoma.

Although there are various operative approaches for clival tumors, a transsphenoidal approach is one of choices when the main tumor extention is in an anterior-posterior direction with a slight lateral extension. However, this approach sometimes provides only narrow and deep operative field. Recently, endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal approach is quite an effective approach for clival tumors because of the improvement of surgical instruments, image guidance systems, and techniques and materials of wound closure.

Abscess formation associated with pituitary adenoma: A case report: Changes in the MRI appearance of pituitary adenoma before and after abscess formation.

Background: Pituitary abscess is an extremely rare finding. The abscess may arise as a primary pituitary lesion or be associated with parasellar pathology. It is important for pituitary abscess treatments to perform early diagnosis.

[Detection of acute subdural hemorrhage using intraoperative MR imaging during glioma surgery: a case report].

Intraoperative MRI (iMR) and neuronavigation have substantially changed the principles of surgery for brain tumors. iMR provides updated information on anatomical data and unanticipated brain events, thereby allowing safer and more accurate surgery. We herein report a case of unanticipated intracranial hemorrhage in an iMR imaging suite.

[Case report: spontaneous rupture of an asymptomatic intracranial dermoid].

We report a rare case of spontaneous rupture of an asymptomatic, intracranial dermoid cyst. A 64-year-old man complained of transient dizziness. MRI incidentally disclosed a 20-mm-diameter cystic lesion in the left cerebellopontine angle.

[Intracranial extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma arising from falx: a case report and literature review].

Intracranial extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a very rare tumor that affects young adults. We report a 31-year-old woman with a huge intracranial extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. She presented with a history of right homonymous hemianopsia for 6 months.

Temporal profile of neurogenesis in the subventricular zone, dentate gyrus and cerebral cortex following transient focal cerebral ischemia.

Background: In the adult mammalian brain, it is considered that neurogenesis persists in limited regions such as the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle. On the other hand, neurogenesis in the cortex after cerebral ischemia and its role in post-stroke recovery have not been clarified yet. In this study, we investigated neurogenesis in the cortex and the spatiotemporal profile of neural progenitors in SVZ and DG of rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia.

Correlation between copper/zinc superoxide dismutase and the proliferation of neural stem cells in aging and following focal cerebral ischemia.

Object: Neural stem cells (NSCs) have been demonstrated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Although aging rats manifest a decrease in NSCs, rats exposed to stress (for example, ischemia, epilepsy, radiation, and trauma) show an increase in these cells. In transgenic mice, the overexpression of human copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), an endogenous antioxidant, has been reported to be a protective enzyme against transient focal cerebral ischemia.