Toll-like receptors in acute post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on CD14 + cells in vitreous and blood of post-cataract surgery acute endophthalmitis.

Design: This prospective case-control pilot study enrolled 16 patients of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis. All the cases were subjected to 23 G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Molecular identification of species complex isolated from clinical samples and its antifungal susceptibility patterns.

Background And Purpose: More than 300 species are grouped into approximately 23 species complexes out of which around 70 are involved in human infections. The nomenclature of these species has undergone considerable changes in recent years. These species cause localized infections in individuals while inducing systemic infections mainly in immunocompromised patients.

Vision-related quality of life in children with treated retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate vision-related quality of life in children treated for retinopathy of prematurity.

Methods: Cross sectional observational study of 54 treated ROP babies 2-7 years of age. The study excluded babies with chronic pediatric conditions and babies of parents suffering from mental illness.

Assessment of contrast sensitivity by Spaeth Richman Contrast Sensitivity Test and Pelli Robson Chart Test in patients with varying severity of glaucoma.

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the efficacy, reliability and repeatability of SPARCS (Spaeth Richman Contrast Sensitivity Test) as compared to the conventional Pelli Robson Chart Test for the assessment of contrast sensitivity in patients with glaucoma.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 135 eyes of 135 patients who were age and sex matched into three groups (controls, disc suspects and glaucoma) of 45 patients each. The glaucoma subgroup was further divided into subgroups of mild, moderate and severe based on the visual field damage.

Successful management of bee sting induced endophthalmitis and scleritis.

Ocular bee stings are known to cause corneal melts, corneal infiltrates, cataracts, and secondary glaucoma. Our patient presented with scleritis, corneal infiltrates, and endophthalmitis after a ocular bee sting. Topical treatment led to resolution of anterior segment inflammation, but the scleritis and vitreous inflammation worsened.

Bilateral Central Retinal Vein Occlusion as Presenting Feature of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common pathology of the retinal vasculature. Patients with CRVO usually present with a drop in visual acuity. The condition bears no specific therapy; treatment is aimed at the management of potentially blinding complications, of which there are many.

Orbital Cysticercosis - masquerading as preseptal cellulitis with ptosis.

We are sharing a case of orbital cysticercosis,which presented to us initially with simple ptosis and later on with upper lid inflammation and restricted ocular motility in upgaze. Human cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of the cestode, Taenia solium, is a benign infection of the subcutaneous tissues, inter-muscular fascia, muscles and other organs. Though it exists worldwide, it is more prevalent in the developing countries of Latin America, Asia and Africa, especially in areas where under-cooked pork is consumed regularly (Pushker et al, 2001).

Unilateral visual loss due to central retinal artery occlusion with total ophthalmoplegia following cervical spine surgery in prone position.

Background: Blindness after spinal surgery is a rare complication, but it is serious, irreversible and incurable. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is rare after spinal surgery and ophthalmoplegia is even rarer.

Case: A 52-year-old male patient complained of loss of vision in right eye immediately after cervical spine surgery.

Fusarium sacchari, a cause of mycotic keratitis among sugarcane farmers - a series of four cases from North India.

The two most common filamentous fungi causing mycotic keratitis are Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. Around 70 Fusarium spp. are involved in causing human infections.

Oral Dextrose for Pain Management during Laser Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity under Topical Anesthesia.

Objective: To evaluate efficacy of oral dextrose, in addition to topical anesthesia in providing pain relief during laser ablation therapy of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, neonates with type 1 ROP undergoing laser ablation of peripheral retina were randomized to receive or not to receive 2 ml of 25 % dextrose orally just before the laser therapy. In both the groups, topical anesthesia was provided by instilling paracaine eye drops twice at 10 min interval just before the laser treatment.

Optical coherence tomography of fovea before and after laser treatment in retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To study the fovea in preterm babies with Type I retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) before and after laser treatment using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational case-control study including preterm neonates undergoing screening for ROP from May 2009 to July 2011. Group 1 included 30 eyes of 15 neonates with Type I ROP.

Intravitreal bevacizumab versus posterior subtenon triamcinolone in diffuse diabetic macular edema.

The aim of the study was to compare intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and posterior subtenon triamcinolone (PST) as an adjunct to laser treatment in diffuse diabetic macular edema (Diffuse DME). Prospective-randomized control trial of 30 eyes of 30 diabetic patients having Diffuse DME with maximum retinal thickness (MRT) was more than or equal to 350 µm. The subjects were randomly allocated into two groups.

Role of brimonidine in the treatment of clinically significant macular edema with ischemic changes in diabetic maculopathy.

To evaluate the role of brimonidine (BMD), an alpha-2 agonist, in the management of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) in diabetic maculopathy with ischemic changes. A prospective, randomized controlled trial including 30 eyes of 30 metabolically stable diabetic patients with CSME showing fundus fluorescein angiography documented ischemic changes. Group I included 17 eyes of patients who received topical BMD (0.

Effect of pterygium on contrast sensitivity.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of pterygium on contrast sensitivity. Thirty-six eyes with pterygium and 18 eyes without pterygium were included in the study. The size of the pterygium was measured on the slit lamp both vertically at the limbus and categorized into three groups (≤3, 3.

Ocular morbidity among school-going children in the Union Territory of Chandigarh.

Schoolchildren in India are susceptible to various types of ocular morbidities. Early detection through regular surveys helps in prompt treatment and prevention of blindness. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ocular morbidity among schoolchildren aged 6-16 years and to determine their socio-demographic risk factors.

Five-year study of ocular injuries due to fireworks in India.

To study the demographic profile, cause, type and severity of ocular injuries, their complications and final visual outcome following fireworks around the time of Deepawali in India. Case records of patients who presented with firework-related injuries during 2005-2009 at the time of Deepawali were reviewed. Data with respect to demographic profile of patients, cause and time of injury, time of presentation and types of intervention were analyzed.

Capsular contraction syndrome following insertion of hydrophilic acrylic lens.

A 52-year-old female of Asian Indian origin underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with insertion of a foldable hydrophilic acrylic single-piece intraocular lens which resulted in good postoperative vision. Five weeks later she presented with decreased vision and examination revealed fibrosis as well as phimosis of the anterior capsular opening. Surgical capsulotomy was performed as there was an extremely thick fibrotic membrane, thereby clearing the visual axis and improving her vision.

Fusarium sacchari: a cause of exogenous fungal endophthalmitis: first case report and review of literature.

A case of exogenous fungal endophthalmitis due to Fusarium sacchari is being reported. It has never been reported in this clinical entity before; hence, to the best of our knowledge, this is first report of F. sacchari as a cause of exogenous fungal endophthalmitis and also the first time when this fungus has been isolated from an Indian patient.

Isolated cavernous hemangioma of conjunctiva.

A 70-year-old Indian female presented with a lobulated, violet-colored mass in the left eye involving the medial bulbar conjunctiva and caruncle. It was smooth, vascular, compressible, and freely mobile. It was neither reducible nor pulsatile and did not cause any proptosis or dystopia.

Submacular hydatid cyst: a case report.

Purpose: To report a rare case of submacular hydatid cyst and its surgical management.

Methods: Systemic investigations did not show a hydatid cyst in any other body organ. Serology for Echinococcus granulosus was also negative.

Successful treatment of choroidal neovascular membrane in retinitis pigmentosa with intravitreal bevacizumab.

We report a rare association of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) with retinitis pigmentosa and note its resolution by intravitreal injection of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bevacizumab. A classic choroidal neovascular membrane was seen in the right eye (RE) of a patient with sector retinitis pigmentosa. Bevacizumab 1.

Multiple myeloma presenting as bilateral orbital proptosis.

A 58-year-old-man presented with painful rapidly progressive bilateral proptosis with restricted ocular movements of 15 days duration. There was history of significant weight loss in the recent past. Computed tomography scan of the head and orbit revealed bilateral multiple, well-defined, round, soft tissue masses, isointense with muscles in intraconal and extraconal space.

Peters plus syndrome and absence of kidney: a case report.

A case of bilateral Peters anomaly with missing kidney on left was examined. The case of missing kidney in Peters anomaly has not been reported in literature to our knowledge, making this case a unique one.

Spontaneous corneal melting in pregnancy: a case report.

Background: To report a case of spontaneous corneal melting in pregnancy. We reviewed the literature on corneal melting and the effect of pregnancy on cornea and collagen containing tissues.

Case Presentation: A 29-year-old woman who underwent radial keratotomy in both eyes followed by trabeculectomy in her left eye developed corneal melting in the same eye, in her seventh month of pregnancy.