Impact of Gene-Environment Interactions on Cancer Development.

Several epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that many human diseases are not only caused by specific genetic and environmental factors but also by gene-environment interactions. Although it has been widely reported that genetic polymorphisms play a critical role in human susceptibility to cancer and other chronic disease conditions, many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are caused by somatic mutations resulting from human exposure to environmental stressors. Scientific evidence suggests that the etiology of many chronic illnesses is caused by the joint effect between genetics and the environment.

Design of New Improved Curcumin Derivatives to Multi-targets of Cancer and Inflammation.

Background: Curcumin is a major active principle of Curcuma longa. There are more than 1700 citations in the Medline, reflecting various biological effects of curcumin. Most of these biological activities are associated with the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity of the molecule.

A New Model Applied for Evaluating a Rhenium-diselenium Drug: Breast Cancer Cells Stimulated by Cytokines Induced from Polynuclear Cells by LPS.

Background/aim: New anticancer drugs are usually tested on cancer cells in culture in a standard medium. We stimulated immune polynuclear cells by lipopolysaccharides to obtain an enriched medium (EM) containing inflammatory cytokines more closely reflecting the tumor microenvironment and tested a rhenium-diselenium (Re-diSe) drug in this new model. Concentrations of cytokines were compared with a control medium (CM).

Oral Health and Feto-maternal Outcomes in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals.

The linkages of oral health with the holistic health of an individual are now well-established. Nevertheless, marginalizing oral health continues to pose a challenge in the public health scenario globally and especially in developing countries. Maternal and fetal health have been regarded as pivotal yardsticks of development in all civil societies.

Comparative Assessment of Cephalometric and Tympanometric Readings in Down Syndrome.

Aim  The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the various cephalometric and auditory parameters between patients with Down syndrome (DS) and healthy controls. Methods The cephalometric and auditory parameters were divided among 50 participants into two equal sets, DS (= 25) and controls (n=25), and assessed. While a standard cephalometric analysis was conducted to measure the hard tissue parameters, tympanometry was used to assess the audiological parameters.

Oral Health Status and Fertility Treatment Including IVF.

Oral health is extremely important for the general wellbeing of the individual. From a number of research articles, it is established that there is a definitive connection between periodontal health and many systemic diseases, like type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and even preterm labor and low birth weight of babies. The significant rate of failure in the treatment of infertility and IVF (in vitro fertilization) even with multiple advancements in the last decade has made scientist take interest in newer parameters of health, an important one among them being periodontal health.

Petroleum Carcinogenicity and Aerodigestive Tract: In Context of Developing Nations.

Head and neck cancers from a diverse group of neoplasms, the occurrence of which can be attributed to habitual tobacco use, race, alcohol consumption, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, occupational exposure, viruses, and diet. The surging incidence rates reflect the prevalence of risk factors such as tobacco use (smoked and smokeless), betel nut chewing, urbanization and issues relating to urban air quality. Urbanization and development have catalyzed a multifold rise in levels of pollution in metropolitan cities.

Trace elements (copper, zinc, selenium and molybdenum) as markers in oral sub mucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral cancer is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide and is prevalent in most areas where tobacco related practices are observed. Essential elements play a role in many biochemical reactions as a micro-source and there is growing evidence that their concentrations are altered on the onset and progress of malignant disease. In this study the levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and molybdenum (Mo) in serum of patients with oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) (n = 30) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (n = 30); were determined and the alterations of these critical parameters were analyzed in comparison with controls (n = 30) to identify predictors amongst these parameters for disease occurrence and progression.

The interaction between tobacco use and oral health among tribes in central India.

Background: A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of tobacco related practices on oral health of tribes in Central India. The use of smokeless tobacco, gutkha & associated products is on the rise amongst the younger generation making oral precancer & cancer a public health concern.

Methodology: A pioneering study was conducted to evaluate the tobacco related practices amongst tribes and its impact on oral health.

Artificial intelligence: contemporary applications and future compass.

The clinical use of information technology in the dental profession has increased substantially in the past 10 to 20 years. In most developing countries an insufficiency of medical and dental specialists has increased the mortality of patients suffering from various diseases. Employing technology, especially artificial intelligence technology, in medical and dental application could reduce cost, time, human expertise and medical error.

Immunological and biochemical markers in oral carcinogenesis: the public health perspective.

Oral health is an integral component of general health and well being and a basic human right. Dental public health is probably the most challenging specialty of dentistry. Because of the lack of adequate resources among other factors, many people are likely to suffer from dental diseases.

Botox: the poison that heals.

The application of Botulinum toxin has become a useful and significant tool for oral and maxillofacial lesions. The art of using Botulinum toxin, a technical procedure, is influenced by aesthetic judgement and applications that extend beyond its use of reducing wrinkles to improve facial forms and shape. Novel uses for this unique substance will continue to permeate many medical and surgical specialties.

Circulating immune complexes and trace elements (Copper, Iron and Selenium) as markers in oral precancer and cancer : a randomised, controlled clinical trial.

Aim: To evaluate the levels of circulating immune complexes, trace elements (copper, iron and selenium) in serum of patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), oral leukoplakia (L), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), analyze the alteration and identify the best predictors amongst these parameters for disease occurrence and progression.

Methods: Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were estimated using 37.5% Polyethylene Glycol 6000(PEG) serum precipitation.

Wild cat bite--a narrow escape.

An unusual case is reported of a tiger bite and trauma to the maxillofacial region of a 45-year-old male patient. Wild animal assaults on the general population are on the increase in India and it is possible that further such cases will occur. The increased attacks could be a result of massive deforestation, resulting in disturbance to the ecosystem and tampering of the natural habitat of the royal cat.