External evaluation of the predictive performance of seven population pharmacokinetic models for phenobarbital in neonates.

Aim: Several studies have reported population pharmacokinetic models for phenobarbital (PB), but the predictive performance of these models has not been well documented. This study aims to do external evaluation of the predictive performance in published pharmacokinetic models.

Methods: Therapeutic drug monitoring data collected in neonates and young infants treated with PB for seizure control was used for external evaluation.

Quantitative Modeling Analysis Demonstrates the Impact of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetics of Amitriptyline and Its Metabolite, Nortriptyline.

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that is metabolized mainly by CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 enzymes. Higher plasma levels of amitriptyline and its active metabolite, nortriptyline, are associated with an increased risk of adverse events including anticholinergic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms on amitriptyline and nortriptyline pharmacokinetics.

Influence of Polymorphism on the Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Characteristics of Carvedilol in Healthy Korean Volunteers.

Background: Carvedilol is commonly used to treat hypertension as a β- and α-adrenoreceptor blocker, but it is metabolized by and allele is dominant in Asian population. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of carvedilol in healthy Korean volunteers.

Methods: A PK/PD study for a single and multiple dosing of carvedilol were conducted.

Effects of CYP2C19 Genetic Polymorphisms on PK/PD Responses of Omeprazole in Korean Healthy Volunteers.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of CYP2C19*2 and *3 genetic polymorphisms on omeprazole pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) responses. Twenty-four healthy Korean volunteers were enrolled and given 20 mg omeprazole orally once daily for 8 days. The genotypes of CYP2C19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (*2, *3, and *17) were screened.

The influences of SLCO1B1 and ABCB1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin, in relation to CYP3A4 inhibition.

Aim: To investigate the combined effects of SLCO1B1 and ABCB1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin and its active metabolite simvastatin acid, in relation to CYP3A4 inhibition.

Methods: We conducted a single-dose pharmacokinetic study of simvastatin in 26 healthy volunteers screened for their SLCO1B1 c.521T>C and ABCB1 c.