Conferring non-strain-specific resistance to a potyvirus via overexpression of mutant potyviral coat proteins in soybean.

Transgenic soybean (Glycine max) plants expressing mutant potyviral coat proteins that disrupt virion assembly exhibited non-strain-specific resistance against soybean mosaic virus.

Prevalences and Interrelationships of Post COVID-19 Fatigue, Sleep Disturbances, and Depression in Healthy Young and Middle-Aged Adults.

An evaluation of the persistence of symptoms following COVID-19 in economically active young and middle-aged adults is crucial due to its significant socioeconomic impact resulting from compromised work performance. A prospective, multicenter study at 12 South Korean hospitals from January to December 2022 involved telephone interviews along with validated questionnaires. Among 696 participants with a median age of 32 and no prior diagnoses, 30% of participants experienced persistent fatigue, while 21.

The VP53 protein encoded by RNA2 of a fabavirus, broad bean wilt virus 2, is essential for viral systemic infection.

Plant viruses evolves diverse strategies to overcome the limitations of their genomic capacity and express multiple proteins, despite the constraints imposed by the host translation system. Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) is a widespread viral pathogen, causing severe damage to economically important crops. It is hypothesized that BBWV2 RNA2 possesses two alternative in-frame translation initiation codons, resulting in the production of two largely overlapping proteins, VP53 and VP37.

Effect of complicated, untreated and uncontrolled diabetes and pre-diabetes on treatment outcome among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background And Objective: Patients with tuberculosis and diabetes have a higher risk of unfavourable anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of various diabetes statuses on the outcomes of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods: Among the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis enrolled in the Korea Tuberculosis Cohort (KTBC) registry and the multicentre prospective cohort study of pulmonary tuberculosis (COSMOTB), those with diabetes and complicated diabetes were identified.

Risk Factors for the Mortality of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Non-Centralized Setting: A Nationwide Study.

Background: Limited data are available on the mortality rates of patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 and clinical outcomes for patients receiving ECMO.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring ECMO in 19 hospitals across Korea from January 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021.

Engineering of stable infectious cDNA constructs of a fluorescently tagged tomato chlorosis virus.

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is an emerging pathogen that cause severe yellow leaf disorder syndrome in tomato plants. In this study, we aimed to generate a recombinant ToCV tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) to enable real-time monitoring of viral infection in living plants. Transformation of the full-length cDNA construct of ToCV RNA1 into Escherichia coli resulted in instability issues, which were successfully overcome by inserting a plant intron into RNA1.

Delphi Survey on the Current and Future Korean Guidelines for Isoniazid-Monoresistant Tuberculosis.

Purpose: Isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis (Hr-TB) has emerged as a global challenge, necessitating detailed guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment. We aim to consolidate the Korean guidelines for Hr-TB management by gathering expert opinions and reaching a consensus.

Patients And Methods: A conventional Delphi method involving two rounds of surveys was conducted with 96 experts selected based on their clinical and research experience and involvement in nationwide tuberculosis studies and development of the Korean guidelines on tuberculosis.

Visual tracking of viral infection dynamics reveals the synergistic interactions between cucumber mosaic virus and broad bean wilt virus 2.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most prevalent plant viruses in the world, and causes severe damage to various crops. CMV has been studied as a model RNA virus to better understand viral replication, gene functions, evolution, virion structure, and pathogenicity. However, CMV infection and movement dynamics remain unexplored due to the lack of a stable recombinant virus tagged with a reporter gene.

First report of citrus leaf blotch virus infecting Viburnum lentago in South Korea.

Viburnum lentago (family Adoxaceae) is a perennial plant species native to northeastern United States and southern Canada. Globally, V. lentago is a popular garden plant due to its abundant flowers and beautiful autumnal color.

Ethylene emitted by viral pathogen-infected pepper ( L.) plants is a volatile chemical cue that attracts aphid vectors.

Plant viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens, and most depend on insect vectors for transmission between plants. Viral infection causes various physiological and metabolic changes in host traits, which subsequently influence the behavior and fitness of the insect vectors. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), one of the most widespread pathogens in pepper ( L.

Acute kidney injury due to intravenous detergent poisoning: A case report.

Background: Detergent poisoning mostly occurs through oral ingestion (> 85%), ocular exposure (< 15%), or dermal exposure (< 8%). Reports of detergent poisoning through an intravenous injection are extremely rare. In addition, there are very few cases of renal toxicity directly caused by detergents.

A multiplex RT-PCR assay for detection of emergent pepper Tsw resistance-breaking variants of tomato spotted wilt virus in South Korea.

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a highly destructive virus for pepper. Introgression of the resistance gene Tsw in pepper is used to manage TSWV worldwide; however, the occurrence of Tsw resistance-breaking (RB) variants threatens the pepper industry. Here, we developed a multiplex reverse-transcription PCR assay for detection of recently emerged Tsw RB variants in South Korea with high specificity and sensitivity.

Safety and feasibility of hybrid tracheostomy.

Background: Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is widely used in intensive care units, but this conventional method has some disadvantages, such as requirement of a lot of equipment and experts at the site. Especially, in situations where the patient is isolated due to an infectious disease, difficulties in using the equipment may occur, and the number of exposed persons may increase. In this paper, we introduce hybrid tracheostomy that combines the advantages of surgical tracheostomy and PDT and describe our experiences.

Viral Strain-Specific Activation of Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern-Triggered Immunity Enhances Symptom Severity in Broad Bean Wilt Virus 2 Infection.

Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) is an emerging virus in various economically important crops, especially pepper ( L.), worldwide. Recently, the emergence of various BBWV2 strains that induce severe symptoms has increased damage to pepper crops.

A one-step reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay optimized for the direct detection of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in cucurbit seeds.

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a seed-borne virus that causes significant economic losses in farms cultivating cucurbit plants. With the increase in global trade of cucurbit seeds, it is essential to develop a rapid, reliable, and convenient diagnostic method for the direct detection of CGMMV in these seeds for prevention and management of the disease. Here, we developed a one-step reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the direct detection of CGMMV in cucurbit seeds.

Genetic plasticity in RNA2 is associated with pathogenic diversification of broad bean wilt virus 2.

Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) is an evolutionarily successful RNA virus with an extensive host range and worldwide distribution that causes severe damage to crops. While numerous BBWV2 isolates from various plant species have been identified and their genome sequences determined, little information is available on the virulence and symptomatic characteristics corresponding to the genomic sequences. In this study, we provide integrated information on the molecular and pathogenic characteristics of three genetically distant BBWV2 isolates: BBWV2-PC, -LS2, and P3 obtained from Gentiana scabra, Leonurus sibiricus, and Pisum sativum, respectively.

Complete Nucleotide Sequence, Genome Organization, and Comparative Genomic Analyses of Citrus Yellow-Vein Associated Virus (CYVaV).

Citrus yellow-vein disease (CYVD) was first reported in California in 1957. We now report that CYVD is associated with a virus-like agent, provisionally named citrus yellow-vein associated virus (CYVaV). The CYVaV RNA genome has 2,692 nucleotides and codes for two discernable open reading frames (ORFs).

Resistance-Breaking Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Variant that Recently Occurred in Pepper in South Korea is a Genetic Reassortant.

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a destructive viral pathogen in various crops, including pepper. Although the single dominant gene has been utilized in pepper breeding to confer resistance to TSWV, the occurrence of TSWV variants that overcome -mediated resistance has been reported in various countries after several years of growing resistant cultivars. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of a resistance-breaking TSWV variant (TSWV-YI) that recently emerged in pepper in South Korea.