In vitro analysis of the monolignol coupling mechanism using dehydrogenative polymerization in the presence of peroxidases and controlled feeding ratios of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol.

In this study, dehydrogenative polymers (DHP) were synthesized in vitro through dehydrogenative polymerization using different ratios of coniferyl alcohol (CA) and sinapyl alcohol (SA) (10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 2:8, 0:10), in order to investigate the monolignol coupling mechanism in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), Coprinus cinereus peroxidase (CiP) or soybean peroxidase (SBP) with H(2)O(2), respectively. The turnover capacities of HRP, CiP and SBP were also measured for coniferyl alcohol (CA) and sinapyl alcohol (SA), and CiP and SBP were found to have the highest turnover capacity for CA and SA, respectively. The yields of HRP-catalyzed DHP (DHP-H) and CiP-catalyzed DHP (DHP-C) were estimated between ca.

Characterization of lignin-rich residues remaining after continuous super-critical water hydrolysis of poplar wood (Populus albaglandulosa) for conversion to fermentable sugars.

Poplar wood flour (Populous albaglandulosa) was treated with sub- and super-critical water (subcritical: 325, 350°C; super-critical: 380, 400, 425°C) for 60s at 220 ± 10 atm. Hydrochloric acid (0.05%v/v) was added to samples as acidic catalyst.

Delayed human neutrophil apoptosis by Trichomonas vaginalis lysate.

Neutrophils play an important role in the human immune system for protection against such microorganisms as a protozoan parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis; however, the precise role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of trichomoniasis is still unknown. Moreover, it is thought that trichomonal lysates and excretory-secretory products (ESP), as well as live T. vaginalis, could possibly interact with neutrophils in local tissues, including areas of inflammation induced by T.